Educação ambiental como instrumento de conscientização para a importância de se preservar os rios: Environmental education as a tool to raise awareness of the importance of preserving rivers

A questão ambiental possui posicionamento de caráter social que, através da ação antrópica são provocados diversos problemas ao meio ambiente, na maioria das vezes por falta de consciência e outras circunstâncias. É possível vislumbrar que várias pessoas vivem em condições precárias em áreas de riscos, principalmente a classe baixa, sendo vulnerável aos riscos de saúde, moradia e a vida. A importância da escolha do tema se dá pelo motivo de que o meio ambiente se constitui como uma política setorial social, e que atualmente está interferindo diretamente com a população, e, da necessidade de se ter uma análise temporal do cotidiano das situações na Bacia do Rio Apodi-Mossoró, onde a população mais afetada são aquelas que realmente necessitam de que as políticas públicas sejam implantadas. Ressalta-se que o meio ambiente se encontra em seu processo de discussão contemporâneo, voltado para o envolvimento climatológico, no qual permite aos profissionais um espaço inovador e o exercício da sua atuação profissional, conforme o código de ética. Assim, o objetivo geral dessa pesquisa é analisar a contribuição do estudo das Bacias Hidrográficas para a conscientização ambiental dos estudantes. Como objetivos específicos se elencam: Conhecer a origem da Educação Ambiental; identificar nas décadas de 1970, 1980 e 1990 como se deu o movimento de conscientização sobre a Educação Ambiental a partir de uma visão crítica e emancipatória. Para consubstanciar a investigação, se usou os procedimentos da pesquisa bibliográfica e análise documental. Quanto aos resultados, constatamos que a Educação Ambiental pode ser estuda por meio de Geografia de forma construtiva e emancipadora

Educação ambiental: concepções e práticas / Environmental education: concepts and practices

Este artigo aborda a temática da Educação Ambiental. Tem por objetivo geral identificar os princípios teórico-metodológicos das práticas docentes em Educação Ambiental, desenvolvidas em Escola Estadual de Ensino Fundamental anos iniciais localizada no Município de Natal – RN. Como objetivos específicos se elencam: identificar as Políticas Públicas direcionadas para a Educação Ambiental; identificar as metodologias de ensino em Educação Ambiental que podem ser aplicadas a partir de uma visão crítica e emancipatória; analisar a prática de ensino em Educação Ambiental dos professores do ensino fundamental anos iniciais, por meio da perspectiva de uma concepção transformadora e emancipatória. Para consubstanciar a investigação, se usou os procedimentos da pesquisa bibliográfica, análise documental, questionário e análise de conteúdo. Para analisar os dados, se discutiu a concepção de educação ambiental que fundamenta as políticas públicas no século XX. Se analisou as concepções, princípios e fundamentos da educação ambiental.  Analisamos as concepções dos gestores, coordenação pedagógica e docentes em relação às práticas direcionadas para a Educação Ambiental. Quanto aos resultados, constatamos que a Educação Ambiental é trabalhada em sala de aula a partir da conscientização dos estudantes, usando práticas metodológicas que envolvem projetos e atividades lúdicas. Enfim, constatamos que no Projeto Político Pedagógico da escola a Educação Ambiental é orientada para ser trabalhada a partir de temas transversais

The need for fast-track, high-quality and low-cost studies about the role of the BCG vaccine in the fight against COVID-19.

Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination is routine and near-universal in many low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). It has been suggested that BCG can have a protective effect on COVID-19 morbidity and mortality. This commentary discusses the limitations of the evidence around BCG and COVID-19. We argue that higher-quality evidence is necessary to understand the protective effect of the BCG vaccine from existing, secondary data, while we await results from clinical trials currently conducted in different settings

Ensino de ciências na sala de aula invertida: Science teaching in the flipped classroom

Esta artigo aborda a temática da sala de aula invertida. Essa pesquisa tem por objetivo geral analisar as concepções sobre a sala de aula invertida. Como objetivos específicos são elencados: identificar a proposta da sala de aula invertida; conhecer propostas da metodologia de sala de aula invertida para o ensino de Ciências. No que diz respeito à educação híbrida, a sala de aula invertida é mais evidente nas tentativas de combinar métodos de ensino com o conteúdo didático das disciplinas em estudo. A mudança de foco traz desafios para o aluno que pode criar um ambiente que favoreça a pesquisa e disseminação do conhecimento com o auxílio de tecnologias, plataformas virtuais, bancos de dados de vídeo e imagens, comunicação via celular, tablet e computadores em geral, mas também com alto grau de autonomia e oportunidade. Como resultados, se conclui que a sala de aula invertida é uma oportunidade de tornar a aula menos tradicional

Previous BCG vaccination is associated with less severe clinical progression of COVID-19

Background: BCG vaccination, originally used to prevent tuberculosis, is known to “train” the immune system to improve defence against viral respiratory infections. We investigated whether a previous BCG vaccination is associated with less severe clinical progression of COVID-19./ Methods: A case-control study comparing the proportion with a BCG vaccine scar (indicating previous vaccination) in cases and controls presenting with COVID-19 to health units in Brazil. Cases were subjects with severe COVID-19 (O2 saturation < 90%, severe respiratory effort, severe pneumonia, severe acute respiratory syndrome, sepsis, and septic shock). Controls had COVID-19 not meeting the definition of “severe” above. Unconditional regression was used to estimate vaccine protection against clinical progression to severe disease, with strict control for age, comorbidity, sex, educational level, race/colour, and municipality. Internal matching and conditional regression were used for sensitivity analysis./ Results: BCG was associated with high protection against COVID-19 clinical progression, over 87% (95% CI 74–93%) in subjects aged 60 or less and 35% (95% CI − 44–71%) in older subjects./ Conclusions: This protection may be relevant for public health in settings where COVID-19 vaccine coverage is still low and may have implications for research to identify vaccine candidates for COVID-19 that are broadly protective against mortality from future variants. Further research into the immunomodulatory effects of BCG may inform COVID-19 therapeutic research.

Prevalência de Lesões Musculoesqueléticas em Praticantes de Crossfit®: Uma Revisão Sistemática / Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Injuries in Crossfit® Practitioners: A Systematic Review

Introdução: Atualmente, o Brasil é o segundo país com o maior número de praticantes dessa modalidade. Estudos recentes apresentam associados ao treinamento de CrossFit® prevalências variáveis de lesões, com inúmeros fatores possivelmente significativos. Diante disso, o objetivo da revisão foi avaliar a hipótese de que a prática de CrossFit® está associada a alta prevalência de lesões musculoesqueléticas e, secundariamente, definir o segmento corporal mais acometido. Metodologia: a revisão sistemática foi realizada de acordo com os critérios do PRISMA, selecionando estudos das bases de dados do Scielo e Pubmed que atendiam ao objetivo, sem recorte temporal, em português e inglês e com participantes com idade superior ou igual a 18 anos. Os descritores utilizados foram CrossFit, Crossfit injury e Crossfit training. A qualidade dos estudos foi avaliada através da iniciativa Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE). Resultados: Após o processo de seleção e triagem dos artigos a revisão sistemática contou com 11 artigos que atenderam aos critérios de inclusão. A pontuação média da qualidade dos estudos foi de 18,68 com uma nota mínima de 15 e máxima de 20,5. A prevalência de lesão variou de 73,5 a 12,8%, com taxa de lesão por 1000 horas de 18,9 a 3,1. O segmento mais acometido nos estudos foi ombro, seguido por lombar. Conclusão: A prevalência de lesão é variável e depende de vários fatores e do perfil dos praticantes, acometendo tanto praticantes menos experientes quanto os mais experientes. Os segmentos mais acometidos estão diretamente relacionados com os exercícios realizados na prática

Factors Associated with Emotion Regulation in Men with Internet Access Living in Brazil during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Publisher Copyright: © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Objective: to evaluate the factors associated with emotion regulation in men with internet access living in Brazil during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: an epidemiological survey, conducted with 1015 men. An electronic form was applied containing sociodemographic and occu-pational characteristics, support and coping strategies, as well as emotional and behavioral aspects. Emotion regulation was assessed using the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire. Results: The prevalence values observed were 44.6% for Low Cognitive Reappraisal and of 47.1% for High Emotional Sup-pression. The following factors were identified as associated: (a) with Low Cognitive Reappraisal: being aged 30 years old or more, practicing physical activity, worrying about social distancing and having positive emotions and feelings; and (b) with High Emotional Suppression: being heterosexual, non-white race/skin color, having security support or public administration, not sanitizing food, worrying about lack of physical activity and not having negative emotions. Conclusion: the adoption of emotion regulation strategies was associated with individual, contextual and emotional/behavioral characteristics. Masculinity ideals seem to exert an influence on these relationships.publishersversionpublishe

Previous BCG vaccination is associated with less severe clinical progression of COVID-19

BACKGROUND: BCG vaccination, originally used to prevent tuberculosis, is known to "train" the immune system to improve defence against viral respiratory infections. We investigated whether a previous BCG vaccination is associated with less severe clinical progression of COVID-19 METHODS: A case-control study comparing the proportion with a BCG vaccine scar (indicating previous vaccination) in cases and controls presenting with COVID-19 to health units in Brazil. Cases were subjects with severe COVID-19 (O2 saturation < 90%, severe respiratory effort, severe pneumonia, severe acute respiratory syndrome, sepsis, and septic shock). Controls had COVID-19 not meeting the definition of "severe" above. Unconditional regression was used to estimate vaccine protection against clinical progression to severe disease, with strict control for age, comorbidity, sex, educational level, race/colour, and municipality. Internal matching and conditional regression were used for sensitivity analysis. RESULTS: BCG was associated with high protection against COVID-19 clinical progression, over 87% (95% CI 74-93%) in subjects aged 60 or less and 35% (95% CI - 44-71%) in older subjects. CONCLUSIONS: This protection may be relevant for public health in settings where COVID-19 vaccine coverage is still low and may have implications for research to identify vaccine candidates for COVID-19 that are broadly protective against mortality from future variants. Further research into the immunomodulatory effects of BCG may inform COVID-19 therapeutic research

Nurses' perceptions of aids and obstacles to the provision of optimal end of life care in ICU

Contains fulltext : 172380.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access

Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants.

BACKGROUND: Hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories. METHODS: We used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30-79 years from population-representative studies with measurement of blood pressure and data on blood pressure treatment. We defined hypertension as having systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or greater, diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or greater, or taking medication for hypertension. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and the proportion of people with hypertension who had a previous diagnosis (detection), who were taking medication for hypertension (treatment), and whose hypertension was controlled to below 140/90 mm Hg (control). The model allowed for trends over time to be non-linear and to vary by age. FINDINGS: The number of people aged 30-79 years with hypertension doubled from 1990 to 2019, from 331 (95% credible interval 306-359) million women and 317 (292-344) million men in 1990 to 626 (584-668) million women and 652 (604-698) million men in 2019, despite stable global age-standardised prevalence. In 2019, age-standardised hypertension prevalence was lowest in Canada and Peru for both men and women; in Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, and some countries in western Europe including Switzerland, Spain, and the UK for women; and in several low-income and middle-income countries such as Eritrea, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Solomon Islands for men. Hypertension prevalence surpassed 50% for women in two countries and men in nine countries, in central and eastern Europe, central Asia, Oceania, and Latin America. Globally, 59% (55-62) of women and 49% (46-52) of men with hypertension reported a previous diagnosis of hypertension in 2019, and 47% (43-51) of women and 38% (35-41) of men were treated. Control rates among people with hypertension in 2019 were 23% (20-27) for women and 18% (16-21) for men. In 2019, treatment and control rates were highest in South Korea, Canada, and Iceland (treatment >70%; control >50%), followed by the USA, Costa Rica, Germany, Portugal, and Taiwan. Treatment rates were less than 25% for women and less than 20% for men in Nepal, Indonesia, and some countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Control rates were below 10% for women and men in these countries and for men in some countries in north Africa, central and south Asia, and eastern Europe. Treatment and control rates have improved in most countries since 1990, but we found little change in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Improvements were largest in high-income countries, central Europe, and some upper-middle-income and recently high-income countries including Costa Rica, Taiwan, Kazakhstan, South Africa, Brazil, Chile, Turkey, and Iran. INTERPRETATION: Improvements in the detection, treatment, and control of hypertension have varied substantially across countries, with some middle-income countries now outperforming most high-income nations. The dual approach of reducing hypertension prevalence through primary prevention and enhancing its treatment and control is achievable not only in high-income countries but also in low-income and middle-income settings. FUNDING: WHO