As questões de gênero no ensino de graduação em administração: o caso de uma universidade privada do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

Este artigo resulta da pesquisa com os/as docentes do curso de Administração de uma universidade privada brasileira e gaúcha; objetiva identificar perfil e questões ligadas a diversidade de gênero na sala de aula. Através da linguagem não-sexista, apresenta o contexto pós-moderno, revelando o momento das universidades e aspectos inerentes à construção das relações de gênero. Utilizando uma pesquisa quantitativa realizada, apresenta-se o perfil e a percepção dos/as docentes sobre alguns aspectos generificados na relação com alunos/as, como linguagem verbal, escrita, exemplos não-sexistas e características/capacidades de alunos/as. O perfil docente é caracterizado por adultos, com experiência e formação didático/ pedagógica. Os resultados da percepção em relação aos/as discentes apontam características como liderança, raciocínio lógico e abstrato ligadas fortemente aos estereótipos masculinos e características como atenção, colaboração, competitividade e trabalho em grupo estão relacionadas diretamente aos estereótipos femininos. Resumindo, pode-se perceber a importância do docente como educador, modelador e construtor da cidadania. Palavras-chave: Gênero. Docentes. Discentes

Funciones ejecutivas y regulación emocional en obesidad y trastornos alimentarios

Introduction: eating disorders (ED) such as anorexia nervosa (AN) or bulimia nervosa (BN), as well as obesity (OB), are related to emotional and neuropsychological impairments on measures of cognitive flexibility, central coherence or decision making. However, little is known about the association among emotional regulation, neuropsychological variables and affect. Objectives: to analyze whether neuropsychological and affect variables can predict emotional regulation in ED and in OB. Methods: thirty females with restricting ED (restricting AN) were assessed, 18 with purging ED (purging AN and BN), 33 with OB and 39 healthy controls matched for intelligence. The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) assessed cognitive flexibility, the Group Embedded Figures Test (GEFT) assessed central coherence, the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) assessed decision making, the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule assessed positive (PANAS-PA) and negative (PANAS-NA) affect, and the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) assessed emotional regulation. Results: relative to the healthy control group, ED and OB groups performed worse on IGT (p = 0.002) and GEFT (p = 0.003), had lower scores on PANAS-PA (p = 0.001) and higher scores on DERS (p < 0.001). ED groups had higher scores on PANAS-NA tan both OB and healthy controls (p = 0.001). PANAS-PA, PANAS-NA and IGT accounted for 51.4% of the variance of the DERS (p < 0.001). Conclusions: our study shows a significant association between decision making, affect and emotional regulation in the continuum from AN to OB, and also highlights the importance of including programs focused on decision making and affect in cognitive interventions for ED and OB.Introducción: los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria (TCA) como la anorexia nerviosa (AN) o la bulimia nerviosa (BN), así como la obesidad (OB), se relacionan con alteraciones neuropsicológicas en flexibilidad cognitiva, coherencia central, toma de decisiones y alteraciones emocionales. Sin embargo, se desconoce la asociación entre regulación emocional, variables neuropsicológicas y variables de afecto. Objetivos: analizar si variables neuropsicológicas y afectivas pueden predecir la regulación emocional en los TCA y en la OB. Métodos: se evaluó a 30 mujeres con TCA restrictivo (AN restrictiva), 18 con TCA purgativo (AN purgativa y BN), 33 OB y 39 controles sanas emparejadas por nivel intelectual. El Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) evaluó la flexibilidad cognitiva; el Group Embedded Figures Test (GEFT), la coherencia central; el Iowa Gambling Task (IGT), la toma de decisiones; el Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, el afecto positivo (PANAS-PA) y negativo (PANAS-NA); y la Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), la regulación emocional. Resultados: respecto al grupo control, los grupos TCA y OB rindieron peor en IGT (p = 0,002) y GEFT (p = 0,003) y presentaron menores puntuaciones en PANAS-PA (p = 0,001) y mayores en DERS (p < 0,001). Los grupos TCA puntuaron más alto en PANAS-NA que los grupos OB y control (p = 0,001). El 51,4% de la varianza del DERS fue explicado por PANAS-PA, PANAS-NA e IGT (p < 0,001). Conclusiones: nuestro estudio muestra una asociación entre toma de decisiones y afecto con regulación emocional en el continuo de AN a OB e indica la importancia de incluir programas de toma de decisiones y afecto en las intervenciones cognitivas para TCA y para OB.This work was supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología and the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) (Grant PSI2009/10957); Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad and the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) (PSI2014-51920-R)

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality

Multidifferential study of identified charged hadron distributions in ZZ-tagged jets in proton-proton collisions at s=\sqrt{s}=13 TeV

Jet fragmentation functions are measured for the first time in proton-proton collisions for charged pions, kaons, and protons within jets recoiling against a $Z$ boson. The charged-hadron distributions are studied longitudinally and transversely to the jet direction for jets with transverse momentum 20 $< p_{\textrm{T}} < 100$ GeV and in the pseudorapidity range $2.5 < \eta < 4$. The data sample was collected with the LHCb experiment at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.64 fb$^{-1}$. Triple differential distributions as a function of the hadron longitudinal momentum fraction, hadron transverse momentum, and jet transverse momentum are also measured for the first time. This helps constrain transverse-momentum-dependent fragmentation functions. Differences in the shapes and magnitudes of the measured distributions for the different hadron species provide insights into the hadronization process for jets predominantly initiated by light quarks.Comment: All figures and tables, along with machine-readable versions and any supplementary material and additional information, are available at https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2022-013.html (LHCb public pages

Study of the B−→Λc+Λˉc−K−B^{-} \to \Lambda_{c}^{+} \bar{\Lambda}_{c}^{-} K^{-} decay

The decay $B^{-} \to \Lambda_{c}^{+} \bar{\Lambda}_{c}^{-} K^{-}$ is studied in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5 $\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$ collected by the LHCb experiment. In the $\Lambda_{c}^+ K^{-}$ system, the $\Xi_{c}(2930)^{0}$ state observed at the BaBar and Belle experiments is resolved into two narrower states, $\Xi_{c}(2923)^{0}$ and $\Xi_{c}(2939)^{0}$, whose masses and widths are measured to be $$m(\Xi_{c}(2923)^{0}) = 2924.5 \pm 0.4 \pm 1.1 \,\mathrm{MeV}, \\ m(\Xi_{c}(2939)^{0}) = 2938.5 \pm 0.9 \pm 2.3 \,\mathrm{MeV}, \\ \Gamma(\Xi_{c}(2923)^{0}) = \phantom{000}4.8 \pm 0.9 \pm 1.5 \,\mathrm{MeV},\\ \Gamma(\Xi_{c}(2939)^{0}) = \phantom{00}11.0 \pm 1.9 \pm 7.5 \,\mathrm{MeV},$$ where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second systematic. The results are consistent with a previous LHCb measurement using a prompt $\Lambda_{c}^{+} K^{-}$ sample. Evidence of a new $\Xi_{c}(2880)^{0}$ state is found with a local significance of $3.8\,\sigma$, whose mass and width are measured to be $2881.8 \pm 3.1 \pm 8.5\,\mathrm{MeV}$ and $12.4 \pm 5.3 \pm 5.8 \,\mathrm{MeV}$, respectively. In addition, evidence of a new decay mode $\Xi_{c}(2790)^{0} \to \Lambda_{c}^{+} K^{-}$ is found with a significance of $3.7\,\sigma$. The relative branching fraction of $B^{-} \to \Lambda_{c}^{+} \bar{\Lambda}_{c}^{-} K^{-}$ with respect to the $B^{-} \to D^{+} D^{-} K^{-}$ decay is measured to be $2.36 \pm 0.11 \pm 0.22 \pm 0.25$, where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic and the third originates from the branching fractions of charm hadron decays.Comment: All figures and tables, along with any supplementary material and additional information, are available at https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2022-028.html (LHCb public pages

Measurement of the ratios of branching fractions R(D∗)\mathcal{R}(D^{*}) and R(D0)\mathcal{R}(D^{0})

The ratios of branching fractions $\mathcal{R}(D^{*})\equiv\mathcal{B}(\bar{B}\to D^{*}\tau^{-}\bar{\nu}_{\tau})/\mathcal{B}(\bar{B}\to D^{*}\mu^{-}\bar{\nu}_{\mu})$ and $\mathcal{R}(D^{0})\equiv\mathcal{B}(B^{-}\to D^{0}\tau^{-}\bar{\nu}_{\tau})/\mathcal{B}(B^{-}\to D^{0}\mu^{-}\bar{\nu}_{\mu})$ are measured, assuming isospin symmetry, using a sample of proton-proton collision data corresponding to 3.0 fb${ }^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity recorded by the LHCb experiment during 2011 and 2012. The tau lepton is identified in the decay mode $\tau^{-}\to\mu^{-}\nu_{\tau}\bar{\nu}_{\mu}$. The measured values are $\mathcal{R}(D^{*})=0.281\pm0.018\pm0.024$ and $\mathcal{R}(D^{0})=0.441\pm0.060\pm0.066$, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. The correlation between these measurements is $\rho=-0.43$. Results are consistent with the current average of these quantities and are at a combined 1.9 standard deviations from the predictions based on lepton flavor universality in the Standard Model.Comment: All figures and tables, along with any supplementary material and additional information, are available at https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2022-039.html (LHCb public pages

La renovación de la palabra en el bicentenario de la Argentina : los colores de la mirada lingüística

El libro reúne trabajos en los que se exponen resultados de investigaciones presentadas por investigadores de Argentina, Chile, Brasil, España, Italia y Alemania en el XII Congreso de la Sociedad Argentina de Lingüística (SAL), Bicentenario: la renovación de la palabra, realizado en Mendoza, Argentina, entre el 6 y el 9 de abril de 2010. Las temáticas abordadas en los 167 capítulos muestran las grandes líneas de investigación que se desarrollan fundamentalmente en nuestro país, pero también en los otros países mencionados arriba, y señalan además las áreas que recién se inician, con poca tradición en nuestro país y que deberían fomentarse. Los trabajos aquí publicados se enmarcan dentro de las siguientes disciplinas y/o campos de investigación: Fonología, Sintaxis, Semántica y Pragmática, Lingüística Cognitiva, Análisis del Discurso, Psicolingüística, Adquisición de la Lengua, Sociolingüística y Dialectología, Didáctica de la lengua, Lingüística Aplicada, Lingüística Computacional, Historia de la Lengua y la Lingüística, Lenguas Aborígenes, Filosofía del Lenguaje, Lexicología y Terminología

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Sistema de valores e suas relações com nível de satisfação e eficácia organizacional : um estudo exploratório

O presente estudo trata sobre valores e sistema de valores. E um exploratório, utilizando dois casos. Procura-se identificar a expressão do sistema de valores dos operários e a que os executivos tém desse mesmo sistema em duas organizações da grande Porto Alegre, uma indústria de metalurgia e uma institui,s-ão educacional. Além disso, procura-se também descobrir a "consunáncia" entre as expresses e percepções desse sistema de valores e relacionar possíveis conseqüências em relação ao aumento Ou nivel de satisfação e do nivel de organizacional. A autora teve COMO preocupação maior abordar o tema valores de forma pragmática, e abrir horizontes cognitivos sobre a relação de sistema de valores com outros indicadores, sem uma preocupação, neste momento, de comprovar estatisticamente os resultados. Foram elaborados instrumentos específicos e coletados nas organizac3es alvo. A análise foi realizada forma descritiva, no entanto, quantificaram-se alguns resultados para facilitar esse processo. A nivel geral, aparece uma tendència nas duas organizações, os executivos demonstraram pouco conhecimento sobre o sistema de valores dos operários. Além disso, parecem acreditar que a real importância efetivamente dada a certos valores pelos operários, é menor do que a verbalmente expressa pelos mesmos operários. Para efeito deste estudo, considera-se como "consonância" o grau de coincidéncia entre o sistema de valores, expresso Pelos operários, e o que os executivos imaginam seja esse sistema de A "consonância", acima descrita, foi medida nas duas organizações estudadas e percebeu-se um resultado surpreendente. Esperava-se que maior "consonância" entre percepções e expressões de executivos e operários pudesse aumentar os níveis de satisfação e eficácia organizacional, náo foi o que ocorreu. A Empresa A apresentou maior "consonância" entre a expressão dos operários do sistema de valores e a percepção dos executivos desse mesmo sistema, mas também apresentou menor nível de satisfação e eficácia organizacional. Por outro lado, a Instituição B apresentou menor "consonância" e teve niveis mais altos, comparados à Empresa A, em relação a satisfação e a eficcia organizacional. Tais resultados, mesmo não podendo ser generalizados, servem de fonte para subsidiar pesquisas posteriores, mais amplas e mais rigorosas nos métodos quantitativos, examinando o reflexo da "consonância" na satisfa.,ão e na eficácia da organização.This two-case exploratory study deals with values systems. In two organizations lacated in the greater Porto Alegre, an attempt was made identify the workers' value system as expressed by themseives, and the perception that the executiyes XII of same organization had of such value system. further attempt was made measure the de,gree convergence or "consanance" betwecn, on one hand, the workers' value system, as expressed by themseives, and, on the other hand, the perception the executives had of such value system. Besides, the positive effects of such "consonance"was analysed and discussed. The main attencion of the author was directed into exploring, in a way, the direct e.-ptession of a value system the workers' themselves. Only a hint was sought in relation to the possible positive effects of the "consonance" on the organizational performance, the not allowing for a statistical test. To capture the "expressed value system" specific instruments were developed by the author whose aim was mainly to obtain a descriptive analysis although with the help of some quantitative indicators. In general the executiyes of the two organization analysk,,d have shown little knowledge of the value system as expressed by the workers' themseives. Beside, they seem to believe that the importance given by the workers to specific values smaller than what they had verbally expressed. In reiation to "consonance" (expressing the degree convergence between the yalue system, expressed by the workers themselves, and what the executives would imagine such value system to be ), it was expected that the greater such the degree of "consonance", the higher would be the levei of satisfaction and organizational performance. Surprisingiy, considering the two the variation in the degree of "consonance" did not correspond variations either in the levei of or of organizational efficiency. One knows, that no significant results can be obtained from a two cases study, a path open to encourage larger and more rigorous studies in the field

Sistema de valores e suas relações com nível de satisfação e eficácia organizacional : um estudo exploratório

O presente estudo trata sobre valores e sistema de valores. E um exploratório, utilizando dois casos. Procura-se identificar a expressão do sistema de valores dos operários e a que os executivos tém desse mesmo sistema em duas organizações da grande Porto Alegre, uma indústria de metalurgia e uma institui,s-ão educacional. Além disso, procura-se também descobrir a "consunáncia" entre as expresses e percepções desse sistema de valores e relacionar possíveis conseqüências em relação ao aumento Ou nivel de satisfação e do nivel de organizacional. A autora teve COMO preocupação maior abordar o tema valores de forma pragmática, e abrir horizontes cognitivos sobre a relação de sistema de valores com outros indicadores, sem uma preocupação, neste momento, de comprovar estatisticamente os resultados. Foram elaborados instrumentos específicos e coletados nas organizac3es alvo. A análise foi realizada forma descritiva, no entanto, quantificaram-se alguns resultados para facilitar esse processo. A nivel geral, aparece uma tendència nas duas organizações, os executivos demonstraram pouco conhecimento sobre o sistema de valores dos operários. Além disso, parecem acreditar que a real importância efetivamente dada a certos valores pelos operários, é menor do que a verbalmente expressa pelos mesmos operários. Para efeito deste estudo, considera-se como "consonância" o grau de coincidéncia entre o sistema de valores, expresso Pelos operários, e o que os executivos imaginam seja esse sistema de A "consonância", acima descrita, foi medida nas duas organizações estudadas e percebeu-se um resultado surpreendente. Esperava-se que maior "consonância" entre percepções e expressões de executivos e operários pudesse aumentar os níveis de satisfação e eficácia organizacional, náo foi o que ocorreu. A Empresa A apresentou maior "consonância" entre a expressão dos operários do sistema de valores e a percepção dos executivos desse mesmo sistema, mas também apresentou menor nível de satisfação e eficácia organizacional. Por outro lado, a Instituição B apresentou menor "consonância" e teve niveis mais altos, comparados à Empresa A, em relação a satisfação e a eficcia organizacional. Tais resultados, mesmo não podendo ser generalizados, servem de fonte para subsidiar pesquisas posteriores, mais amplas e mais rigorosas nos métodos quantitativos, examinando o reflexo da "consonância" na satisfa.,ão e na eficácia da organização.This two-case exploratory study deals with values systems. In two organizations lacated in the greater Porto Alegre, an attempt was made identify the workers' value system as expressed by themseives, and the perception that the executiyes XII of same organization had of such value system. further attempt was made measure the de,gree convergence or "consanance" betwecn, on one hand, the workers' value system, as expressed by themseives, and, on the other hand, the perception the executives had of such value system. Besides, the positive effects of such "consonance"was analysed and discussed. The main attencion of the author was directed into exploring, in a way, the direct e.-ptession of a value system the workers' themselves. Only a hint was sought in relation to the possible positive effects of the "consonance" on the organizational performance, the not allowing for a statistical test. To capture the "expressed value system" specific instruments were developed by the author whose aim was mainly to obtain a descriptive analysis although with the help of some quantitative indicators. In general the executiyes of the two organization analysk,,d have shown little knowledge of the value system as expressed by the workers' themseives. Beside, they seem to believe that the importance given by the workers to specific values smaller than what they had verbally expressed. In reiation to "consonance" (expressing the degree convergence between the yalue system, expressed by the workers themselves, and what the executives would imagine such value system to be ), it was expected that the greater such the degree of "consonance", the higher would be the levei of satisfaction and organizational performance. Surprisingiy, considering the two the variation in the degree of "consonance" did not correspond variations either in the levei of or of organizational efficiency. One knows, that no significant results can be obtained from a two cases study, a path open to encourage larger and more rigorous studies in the field