Design and Implementation of Closed Loop Soft Switching Boost Converter using PI Controller

The design and implementation of closed loop soft switching boost converter have been proposed. The steady state analysis of open loop converter with operational modes are evaluated. Equations for the design of all the circuit parameters are attainted and discussed in details for simulation and experimental purpose. The main aim of this paper to maintain constant output at the converter end with variable voltage source. This is achieved by designing the PI controller as the feedback to the main circuit. The stability analysis of the proposed converter is done and improving the stability by designing the controller circuit and making the converter to operate in closed loop mode. The main advantage of this proposed converter is reduction in the swathing losses, current and voltage stress on the circuit parameter decreases, switching frequency increases. The simulation studies are done using a MATLAB software. And the hardware model is developed with the designed values

Design and Implementation of Soft Switching Boost Converter

The design and implementation of closed loop soft switching boost DC-DC converter have been proposed. The staedy state analysis of open loop converter with operational modes are evaluated. Equations for the design of all the circuit parametrs are attainted and discussed in details for simulation and experimental purpose. The proposed circuit has resonant circuit which has one inductor and two capacitor to achieve soft switching of converter by operating it at zero voltage condition

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF DIFFERENT ANAND-BHAIRAV RASA AND ITS STANDARIZATION (W.S.R. TO BHAISHAJYA RATNAVALI)

Introduction: Standardization of Ayurvedic drug is an important criteria for selection, processing, efficacy & safety wise, to meet the WHO guidelines for the world wide acceptability of Ayurvedic formulations. Therefore different preparations of Anandbhairav rasa from classic Bhaishajya Ratnavali has been selected and studied for standariztion.Materials & Methods: Three samples of Anand Bhairav Rasa were prepared according to Jwaratisar prakaran of Bhaishajya Ratnavaliand three samples according to Atisar Prakaran of Bhaishajya Ratnavali were made and subjected to various physico-chemical analyses so that their physical as well as chemical changes can be analyzed.Conclusion: Both formulations showed the difference in pharmaceutically, organoleptic examination as well as in chemical analysis. However, the results obtained from physico chemical analysis of all the three samples are very close together and within fixed physico-chemical norms as described in pharmacopeial standards for Ayurvedic formulations

Clinical utility of Shabda and Sparsha Pareeksha in evaluation of Prakruta and Vaikruta Garbhavastha

Garbha is a conglomeration of biological mass with different strata including consciousness, needs an innovative clinical tool to evaluate its well being, which proves safe, potent, cost-effective and noninvasive. The idea of taking up this study was to sensitively predict the Prakrutavastha or well being w.r.t Garbha-pushti and ongoing Fetal Pathology, Vaikrutavastha w.s.r Garbhavyapads for a sharp interference to get a possible best neonatal outcome. The objective of this study was to calculate the predictive accuracy of evaluation of Garbhaspandanam on external Shabda and Sparsha Pareeksha. A Prospective Clinical study of Garbhaspandanam (FHS and FM) with external Shabda and Sparsha stimulation on maternal abdomen, from 24th week onwards was conducted in a cohort of 30 Singleton Pregnant women at Dept. of Prasuti Tantra & Stri Roga, S.D.M.C.A. Hospital, Udupi. Among the 9 cases in abnormal category, 2 cases had gone for IUD and one case though placed in abnormal category had responded relatively well to Shabda and Sparsha Pareeksha which may be due to the proper antenatal care and intervention given along with the patient’s Vatakara Nidana Parivarjana. Predictive Accuracy Rate on Shabda and Sparsha Pareeksha showed, FHS 70%, FM 76.7%; FHS 73.3%, FM 66.7% respectively. Shabda and Sparshapareeksha can be utilized as the Garbha - chetana - dyodakalakshana and can be performed as a routine antenatal bedside procedure, which can fairly detect the Prakruta and Vaikrutavastha of Garbha w.r.t Pushti. However larger prospective studies are required

Expression and characterization of Asp fI, an immunodominant allergen/antigen of A. fumigatus in insect cell

Asp fI is a major allergen/antigen/cytotoxin of Aspergillus fumigatus and exhibits ribonuclease activity. This allergen plays a role in allergic and invasive Aspergillosis and reported as a major cytotoxin with ribonuclease activity. To express the protein in large quantity and to characterize the multifunctional nature of Asp fI, we have generated recombinant baculovirus by introducing the gene in pFastBac HTa expression vector and expressed in insect cell. The baculovirus expression vector system has been used as a versatile system for the efficient expression of proteins with most eukaryotic posttranslational modification. Recombinant Asp fI was expressed as ∼1% of the total cellular protein in infected Sf9 insect cells. The protein was purified using Ni 2+ affinity column chromatography and the yield of purified protein was ∼10 mg/1g of total cellular protein. Immunoreactivity of the protein was determined by immunoblot analysis using both poly His monoclonal antibody, IgG and IgE antibodies present in the sera of ABPA patients. The protein was glycosylated as revealed by the glycoprotein staining and was observed to retain both ribonuclease and cytotoxic activities. These results suggest that Asp fI expressed in insect cell was post translationally modified and biologically active that can be used as a diagnostic marker for biochemical studies.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/45340/1/11010_2004_Article_5141584.pd

Indigenous technical knowledge on the medicinal uses of natural resins and gums in India

India has a rich heritage of species biodiversity. Many plant species and their products, especially resins and gums, have been used by people through Indigenous Technical Knowledge (ITK) to cure several ailments, including complex diseases, for ages. Due to the probable side effects of modern drugs, the trend for using traditional medicines is increasing. Natural resins and gums (NRGs), which are mostly exudated from plants to heal their injuries, comprise a balance of nutrients, energy, and various phytoactive compounds and hence possess high medicinal values. It is required to document know-how related to the use of herbal products so that they can be scientifically established for exploring their potential. This review discusses the medicinal benefits of important natural resins and gums to highlight their potential and popularity as a medicine.

Shellac as a multifunctional biopolymer: A review on properties, applications and future potential

Not AvailableShellac is a physically refined form of lac resin, a natural biopolymer of animal origin obtained from tiny insects feeding on the sap of specific host trees. Shellac, in its basic form, is a polyester macromolecule composed of inter and intra esters of polyhydroxy aliphatic and sesquiterpene acids. It has been used in several industries for ages due to its exceptional properties such as film-forming, adhering, bonding, thermoplasticity, water-resistance and easy solubility in spirit and aqueous alkali solvents. From the beginning of the 21st century, due to increasing demand for natural products, a paradigm shift in the scope and applications of shellac has been witnessed, especially in green electronics, 3D printing, stealth technology, intelligent sensors, food and pharmaceutical industries. Shellac offers enormous potential for greener technologies as a natural and environmentally friendly material. This review provides an insight into the lac in detail, covering various forms of the lac, structure, properties, different applications of shellac and its future potential. This article would benefit the researchers involved in shellac research and others looking for natural and greener alternatives to synthetic polymers in various applications.Not Availabl

Aggregation tests identify new gene associations with breast cancer in populations with diverse ancestry

Low-frequency variants play an important role in breast cancer (BC) susceptibility. Gene-based methods can increase power by combining multiple variants in the same gene and help identify target genes. We evaluated the potential of gene-based aggregation in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium cohorts including 83,471 cases and 59,199 controls. Low-frequency variants were aggregated for individual genes' coding and regulatory regions. Association results in European ancestry samples were compared to single-marker association results in the same cohort. Gene-based associations were also combined in meta-analysis across individuals with European, Asian, African, and Latin American and Hispanic ancestry. In European ancestry samples, 14 genes were significantly associated (q < 0.05) with BC. Of those, two genes, FMNL3 (P = 6.11 × 10 ) and AC058822.1 (P = 1.47 × 10 ), represent new associations. High FMNL3 expression has previously been linked to poor prognosis in several other cancers. Meta-analysis of samples with diverse ancestry discovered further associations including established candidate genes ESR1 and CBLB. Furthermore, literature review and database query found further support for a biologically plausible link with cancer for genes CBLB, FMNL3, FGFR2, LSP1, MAP3K1, and SRGAP2C. Using extended gene-based aggregation tests including coding and regulatory variation, we report identification of plausible target genes for previously identified single-marker associations with BC as well as the discovery of novel genes implicated in BC development. Including multi ancestral cohorts in this study enabled the identification of otherwise missed disease associations as ESR1 (P = 1.31 × 10 ), demonstrating the importance of diversifying study cohorts. [Abstract copyright: © 2023. The Author(s).

Transcriptome-wide association study of breast cancer risk by estrogen-receptor status

Previous transcriptome-wide association studies (TWAS) have identified breast cancer risk genes by integrating data from expression quantitative loci and genome-wide association studies (GWAS), but analyses of breast cancer subtype-specific associations have been limited. In this study, we conducted a TWAS using gene expression data from GTEx and summary statistics from the hitherto largest GWAS meta-analysis conducted for breast cancer overall, and by estrogen receptor subtypes (ER+ and ER-). We further compared associations with ER+ and ER- subtypes, using a case-only TWAS approach. We also conducted multigene conditional analyses in regions with multiple TWAS associations. Two genes, STXBP4 and HIST2H2BA, were specifically associated with ER+ but not with ER- breast cancer. We further identified 30 TWAS-significant genes associated with overall breast cancer risk, including four that were not identified in previous studies. Conditional analyses identified single independent breast-cancer gene in three of six regions harboring multiple TWAS-significant genes. Our study provides new information on breast cancer genetics and biology, particularly about genomic differences between ER+ and ER- breast cancer.Peer reviewe