La información y el conocimiento como recursos organizacionales en Cuba: algunos aportes sobre este proceso desde la academia

Objective.The main aspects that contributed to the introduction of Information and Knowledge Management processes in Cuba are outlined. The principal results and Cuban contributions to these processes are mentioned. The role of Cuban universities is recognized for the research carried out at different levels (graduation, master degree and PhD). Emphasis is made in this historical overview of the main contributions made for the introduction and development of Information and Knowledge Management in the country. Design/Methodology/Approach.An analysis was made of the graduation, master and Ph Thesis about this subject considering all options where the University of Habana is responsible for these programs. Results/Discussion.Quantitative results of these processes during the last 25 years are mentioned. In the graduation theses, there is a sustained increment in the field of Information Management. In Knowledge Management thesis a decrease value is found in the Master degree level, mainly because doctoral research was potentiated in these years. The results of these processes has contributed with different organizations in the country and some efforts carried out to extend its introduction in other Latin-American countries are outlined. Conclusions.The results obtained are the image of how the academy has contributed to these processes that have a determined maturity that allow a new stage of development where more informational culture and research is needed for a substantial change in public administration due to the recognition of information and knowledge as assets and organizational resources. Originality/Value.It is a first approach and example of how Information Sciences studies have contributed during the last 25 years with the development of an information culture in the country that contributes to decision making at different levels principally with the application of Information and Knowledge Management in the country

Advancing Postsecondary Success for Men of Color through Policy and Systems Change

Completion of higher education is of particular value to men of color. Through this achievement, they unlock their own potential, improve their career options and lifetime earnings, and enable themselves to best contribute to their families and communities. Beyond individual benefits, completing a postsecondary education is important to the overall prosperity and vitality of our nation, better enabling communities to create, innovate, sustain, and persevere. The skills and experiences acquired through the completion of a higher education degree or credential help to strengthen the nation's labor force and economic systems and contribute to every part of our national fabric. Moreover, children whose parents hold postsecondary degrees have better health outcomes and educational advantages. Often, they maintain or improve upon the economic status of their parents. So, it stands to reason that an investment in increasing the number of boys and men of color who complete higher education is an investment in our future collective and societal well-being

Access to information and processing of personal data. Visions from the academy

Hoy en día, el acceso y uso de datos ocupa un lugar destacado en cualquier actividad humana. Cada vez hay más atención no solo a su uso, sino también a la necesidad de estudiar cómo se obtienen, cómo se comparten, cómo se protegen, tanto en el plano personal como en lo institucional, ya que la comunicación social se magnifica y ocupa un altísimo lugar en el comportamiento humano empleando no solo lo presencial. Este trabajo sintetiza una investigación realizada en la Facultad de Filosofía y Letras de la Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León en México con el objetivo de describir el comportamiento de una muestra de más de 300 estudiantes en relación con el tratamiento de los datos personales destacando las preocupaciones más significativas que tienen sobre estos temas. Se presenta el análisis de los resultados de la encuesta, técnica de investigación empleada. El principal resultado fue que los estudiantes conceden gran importancia a tener derechos sobre los datos personales y en especial a poder oponerse o cancelar que estos se obtengan o se usen, pero por otra parte no son muy cuidadosos con la privacidad de estos pues comparten en su mayoría datos personales con amigos y conocidos. Se concluye que este tipo de comportamiento hacia el tratamiento de los datos es poco congruente, lo que advierte de la necesidad de un mejor y mayor conocimiento sobre el tratamiento de los datos personalesCurrently, the access and use of data rank high in any human activity. People, organizations, and countries pay attention no only to their use, but also to the need of studying how they are obtained, shared, protected, both at the personal and institutional level as social communication is magnified and occupies a higher place in the human behavior, not only face-to-face but also in social networks. This article summarizes a research accomplished in the academic environment of a Mexican university aiming to reflect the behavior of a sample of over 300 students relating to the access to information and data management, highlighting the most significant concerns they have on these topics. An analysis of the results of the survey and research technique used is presented. The main result obtained was that the students granted great importance to have rights on the personal data and, specially, to be able to oppose or annul that these can be obtained or used. On the other hand, they are not very cautious with the privacy of the data as most of them share personal information with friends and acquaintances. This means that this type of behavior towards data management is little congruent

La información y el conocimiento como recursos organizacionales en Cuba: algunos aportes sobre este proceso desde la academia

Objective.The main aspects that contributed to the introduction of Information and Knowledge Management processes in Cuba are outlined. The principal results and Cuban contributions to these processes are mentioned. The role of Cuban universities is recognized for the research carried out at different levels (graduation, master degree and PhD). Emphasis is made in this historical overview of the main contributions made for the introduction and development of Information and Knowledge Management in the country. Design/Methodology/Approach.An analysis was made of the graduation, master and Ph Thesis about this subject considering all options where the University of Habana is responsible for these programs. Results/Discussion.Quantitative results of these processes during the last 25 years are mentioned. In the graduation theses, there is a sustained increment in the field of Information Management. In Knowledge Management thesis a decrease value is found in the Master degree level, mainly because doctoral research was potentiated in these years. The results of these processes has contributed with different organizations in the country and some efforts carried out to extend its introduction in other Latin-American countries are outlined. Conclusions.The results obtained are the image of how the academy has contributed to these processes that have a determined maturity that allow a new stage of development where more informational culture and research is needed for a substantial change in public administration due to the recognition of information and knowledge as assets and organizational resources. Originality/Value.It is a first approach and example of how Information Sciences studies have contributed during the last 25 years with the development of an information culture in the country that contributes to decision making at different levels principally with the application of Information and Knowledge Management in the country

La información y el conocimiento como recursos organizacionales en Cuba: algunos aportes sobre este proceso desde la academia

Objective. The main aspects that contributed to the introduction of Information and Knowledge Management processes in Cuba are outlined. The principal results and Cuban contributions to these processes are mentioned. The role of Cuban universities is recognized for the research carried out at different levels (graduation, master degree and PhD). Emphasis is made in this historical overview of the main contributions made for the introduction and development of Information and Knowledge Management in the country. Design/Methodology/Approach. An analysis was made of the graduation, master and Ph Thesis about this subject considering all options where the University of Habana is responsible for these programs.Results/Discussion. Quantitative results of these processes during the last 25 years are mentioned. In the graduation theses, there is a sustained increment in the field of Information Management. In Knowledge Management thesis a decrease value is found in the Master degree level, mainly because doctoral research was potentiated in these years. The results of these processes has contributed with different organizations in the country and some efforts carried out to extend its introduction in other Latin-American countries are outlined.Conclusions. The results obtained are the image of how the academy has contributed to these processes that have a determined maturity that allow a new stage of development where more informational culture and research is needed for a substantial change in public administration due to the recognition of information and knowledge as assets and organizational resources.Originality/Value. It is a first approach and example of how Information Sciences studies have contributed during the last 25 years with the development of aninformation culture in the country that contributes to decision making at different levels principally with the application of InformationObjetivo. Se presentaron los elementos que contribuyeron significativamente a la generación/introducción de los enfoques de Gestión de Información y del Conocimiento en Cuba. Se analizaron los aportes más significativos y novedosos desarrollados en el país. Se destacó el papel de las universidades cubanas en las investigaciones desarrolladas a nivel de diploma (graduación), maestría y doctorado. Se hizo énfasis en esta síntesis histórica de los principales aportes realizados para la introducción y desarrollo de estos aspectos en la realidad nacional.Diseño/Metodología/Enfoque. Se realizó un análisis de las tesis de diploma, maestría y doctorado defendidas dentro de los programas de pre y postgrado donde la Universidad de La Habana tiene tal responsabilidad.Resultados/Discusión. Se destacaron cuantitativamente las principales investigaciones realizadas dentro del espacio académico, y plasmadas principalmente en tesis de diploma, maestría y doctorado generadas en un periodo de aproximadamente 25 años. Se apreció un sostenido crecimiento en las tesis de diploma sobreGestión de la información. En el caso de las tesis sobre Gestión del Conocimiento se apreció una disminución a nivel de maestría, principalmente por haber elevado el énfasis en los estudios doctorales. Se destacaron los aportes que este proceso ha significado para diferentes instancias del país y se mencionaron algunos esfuerzos desarrollados para extender su aplicación en otros países latinoamericanos.Conclusiones. Los resultados alcanzados mostraron un determinado nivel de madurez en estos temas que permite un salto sustancial hacia otros espacios de actuación que demandan una mayor cultura y el desarrollo de investigaciones puntuales que favorezcan un cambio sustancial en la administración pública,potenciando a la información y al conocimiento como activos y recursos organizacionales.Originalidad/Valor. Constituye un primer acercamiento a cómo la especialidad de Ciencias de la información, desde la academia, ha contribuido en los últimos 25 años con el desarrollo de una cultura informacional en Cuba, propiciando la toma de decisiones en diferentes niveles a partir de acciones que introducen el empleo de la Gestión de Información y del Conocimiento en el país

J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of early integrated, late integrated and delayed antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation during tuberculosis (TB) treatment on incidence rates of loss to follow-up (LTFU) and to evaluate the effect of ART initiation on LTFU rates within trial arms in patients co-infected with TB and HIV.MethodsA sub-study within a three-armed open label, randomised, controlled trial. Patients were randomised to initiate ART either early or late during TB treatment or after the TB treatment completion. We reported incidence and predictors of LTFU from TB treatment initiation during the 24 months of follow-up. LTFU was defined as having missed 4 consecutive monthly visits with inability to make contact.ResultsOf the 642 patients randomised, a total of 96 (15.0%) were LTFU at a median of 6.0 (interquartile range (IQR): 1.1 to 11.3) months after TB treatment initiation. Incidence rates of LTFU was 7.5 per 100 person-years (py) (95% confidence interval (CI), 4.9 to 11), 10.9 per 100 py (95% CI, 7.6 to 15.1) and 11.0 per 100 py (95% CI, 7.6 to 15.4) in the early integrated, late integrated and delayed treatment arm (p=0.313). Incidence rate of LTFU before and after ART initiation was 31.7 per 100 py (95% CI, 11.6 to 69.0) vs. 6.1 per 100 py (95% CI, 3.7 to 9.4), incidence rate ratio (IRR): 5.2 (95% CI, 2.1 to 13.0), p<0.001 in the early integrated arm; 31.9 per 100 py (95% CI, 20.4 to 47.5) vs. 4.7 per 10 py (95% CI: 2.4 to 8.2), IRR: 6.8 (95% CI, 3.4 to 13.6), p<0.0001 in the late integrated arm and 21.9 per 100 py (95% CI, 14.6 to 31.5) vs. 2.8 per 100 py (95% CI, 0.9 to 6.6), IRR: 7.7 (95% CI, 3.0 to 19.9), p<0.0001 in the sequential arm.ConclusionLTFU rates were not significantly different between the three trials arms. However, ART initiation within each trial arm resulted in a significant reduction in LTFU rates among TB patients.20162017-08-01T00:00:00ZD43 TW000231/TW/FIC NIH HHS/United StatesU19 AI051794/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United StatesU2G PS001350/PS/NCHHSTP CDC HHS/United States26990824PMC4927384660

Auditoría del conocimiento enfocada a los procesos principales y capital humano. Un estudio de caso en la Biblioteca Nacional de Cuba

Objetivo: Auditar el conocimiento presente en el capital humano en losdepartamentos de Procesos Técnicos y Automatización de la BibliotecaNacional de Cuba “José Martí” (BNCJM).Diseño/Metodología/Enfoque: El tipo de diseño, según la perspectiva,fue estudio de caso. Se utilizó la metodología orientada a procesos principales propuesta por Pérez-Soltero. Para la recolección de datos se utilizaron las entrevistas, observación participante y análisis documental.Resultados/Discusión: Se identificó y modeló los procesos principalesrealizados en los departamentos de Procesos Técnicos y Automatizaciónde la BNCJM. Se caracterizó el capital humano según su desempeño enestos procesos ofreciendo una vista general de las fortalezas y debilidades en cuanto al conocimiento identificado. Se exponen los aspectos principales que propician el vínculo entre los dos departamentos analizados.Conclusiones: La aplicación de la auditoría del conocimiento orientadaa los procesos principales es válida debido a que relaciona los procesosy el capital humano siendo una herramienta de constante actualización ymejoras. Los resultados de la auditoría permitieron exponer algunas sugerencias para optimizar el conocimiento identificado en el personal involucradoen los procesos principales de la BNCJM, además de resaltar que el capital humano y su conocimiento son imprescindibles para el buendesarrollo de estas organizaciones de información.Originalidad/Valor: Al escoger como objetivo de la auditoría del conocimiento los procesos que se realizan en los departamentos seleccionados, se colabora en el perfeccionamiento de los planes estratégicos propuestos y por ende se espera una mejoría a nivel institucional. Además, se colabora en incentivar acciones de gestión del conocimiento y que las mismas sean sostenibles en el tiempo. Los resultados servirán de base para estudios similares

How Pre-tenure and Tenured Faculty Can Engage Undergraduates in Publishable Research

Differences in career stage may influence work stress and job satisfaction (Olsen and Crawford, 1998), which in turn can impact attitudes about recruiting, managing, and mentoring undergraduates in publishable research endeavors. Written from the perspectives of a pre-tenure faculty member (i.e., in 4th year) at a primarily teaching institution (PTI) and a tenured faculty member (i.e., in 38th year) from a large research university (RU), this paper discusses obstacles faced by professors at different career stages and institutions while working on publishable research with undergraduates as well as strategies to overcome these obstacle

Conceptualizing Latina/o College-going Behavior in High School

This study examined the influence of participation in school and extracurricular activities on Latino males’ intention to pursue a bachelor’s degree in relation to their Latina peers. Using nationally representative High School Longitudinal Study data from 2012, researchers developed two factors and three dichotomous variables focused on academic, non-academic, or pre-college activities and ran multivariate regression models to determine the effect on intention to pursue a bachelor’s degree. After accounting for background characteristics, being female retained a strong positive effect on intention to pursue a bachelor’s degree. Two factors were positively associated with Latino males’ bachelor’s degree intention: Hours on School Work and College Planning and Preparation. Two dichotomous variables, Math Activities and Science Activities were positively associated; however, the other dichotomous variable, Non-academic Activities, was negatively associated. Most significantly, this study found that effects of high school activities and preparation for college are not constant across gender

Students' Precollege Preparation for Participation in a Diverse Democracy

This study focuses on how students' precollege experiences predisposed them to 3 democratic outcomes: (a) ability to see the world from someone else's perspective; (b) beliefs that conflict enhances democracy; and (c) views about the importance of engaging in social action activities. We analyzed data from 3 flagship universities as part of a nationally funded research project and found first-year females are more likely than males to report values and beliefs consistent with democratic outcomes. Participation in race/ethnic discussions, student clubs, and volunteer work, as well as studying with students of different groups and discussing controversial issues are significant predictors in each model. Results also indicate that students might be unprepared to negotiate conflict in a diverse democracy, suggesting that college engagement will play a key role in fostering the development of democratic citizenship. This study also provides new measures of democratic outcomes to assess the impact of diversity and service learning initiatives.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/43626/1/11162_2004_Article_368191.pd