Efeito da calcitonina de salmão sobre a cicatrização de defeitos osseos : estudo radiografico e histologico em coelhos

Orientador: Sergio de ToledoDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de PiracicabaResumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar, histológica e radiograficamente, o efeito da calcitonina de salmão sobre a cicatrização de defeitos ósseos circunscritos, criados cirurgicamente em fêmur de coelhos saudáveis. Estes foram divididos aleatoriamente em dois grupos: controle (n=12) e tratado (n=12). O grupo controle não recebeu qualquer substância durante o experimento, enquanto que no grupo tratado foi aplicada dose diária de 2 UI/kg de calcitonina por via intramuscular. Os animais foram sacrificados nos períodos de 7, 14, 21 ou 28 dias após a criação dos defeitos ósseos. As áreas radiolúcidas destes foram medidas, em mm2, através de um programa de computador denominado Auto-Cad, demonstrando que estas, em média, foram menores no grupo tratado, mas estatisticamente significantes apenas nos períodos intermediários de 14 e 21 dias. Histologicamente, aos 7 dias, os defeitos ósseos do grupo tratado apresentaram uma maior neoformação óssea. Aos 28 dias, houve a formação de um osso menos compacto no -grupo controle. No entanto, aos 14 e 21 dias, os resultados foram semelhantes entre os dois grupos. Os resultados obtidos neste trabalho possibilitaram inferir que a calcitonina de salmão acelerou o processo de cicatrização óssea em defeitos circunscritos, baseados nas análises radiográficas e histológicas realizadasAbstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate, in healthy animals, the role of salmon calcitonin in the bone healing process of circumscribed bone defects, surgica1ly created, in the twenty-four (24) young adults rabbits femur. Twelve (12) animals were randomized to be the control and test groups (salmon calcitonin - 2 IU/kg during 21 days). The rabbits were sacrificed 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after the surgical procedures. The radiolucids areas of the bone defects was measured, in mm2, by Auto-Cad software. The results showed statistical differences (p<0,05) at 14 and 21 days, favoring the test group. At 7-day, the bone defects of the test group showed more bone regeneration. Nevertheless, at 14 and 21-days, the results was similar among two groups, with the new bone more compact in the test group than control group at 28 days. Thus, this study did demonstrate the positive role of salmon calcitonin in the bone healing process of circumscribed bone defects in healthy rabbits, considering the radioagraphic and histological analysisMestradoPeriodontiaMestre em Clínica Odontológic

Estudo das práticas de gerenciamento de projetos voltadas para desenvolvimento de produtos inovadores

A teoria de gerenciamento de projetos (GP) tem sidoalvo de críticas nos últimos \ud anos. Como resultado surgiu novas abordagens, como o gerenciamento ágil de \ud projetos (GAP), acompanhadas de novas práticas, técnicas e ferramentas. Parte \ud delas presente na teoria tradicional de GP e por vezes rebatizada com novos rótulos. \ud A confusão de nomes e práticas diminui a qualidade das pesquisas na área, e \ud estudos nessa temática não conseguem caracterizar precisamente a abordagem \ud utilizada. Este artigo contribui para a solução do problema apresentando uma \ud compilação das práticas, técnicas e ferramentas para planejamento de escopo, \ud extraídas de ambas as teorias, ágil e tradicional. Utilizou-se a revisão bibliográfica \ud sistemática para definição e compilação dos termos práticas, técnicas e ferramentas \ud de GP. O resultado é um referencial do tipo inventário, possibilitando a identificação \ud das práticas em empresas reais e sua categorização quanto à abordagem utilizada, \ud para obterem-se avaliações precisas da contribuiçãodessa nova abordagemThe theory of project management (PM) has been target of criticismin recent years.\ud As a result new approaches emerged, how agile project management (APM) \ud followed by new practices, techniques and tools. Some of them present in the \ud traditional theory PM and sometimes renamed with new labels. The confusion of \ud names and practices decreases the quality of research in the area, and studies on \ud this subject cannot precisely characterize the approach used. This paper contributes \ud to the solution of the problem by providing a compilation of practices, techniques and \ud tools for planning scope, extracted from both theories, agile and traditional. We used \ud a systematic literature review to define the terms and compilation practices, \ud techniques and tools for GP. The result is a type inventory reference, enabling the \ud identification practices in real companies and their categorization on the approach \ud used, to obtain accurate assessments of the contribution of this new approach.FAPESPCNPqCAPE

Estudo das práticas de gerenciamento de projetos voltadas para desenvolvimento de produtos inovadores

A teoria de gerenciamento de projetos (GP) tem sido alvo de críticas nos últimos anos. Como resultado surgiu novas abordagens, como o gerenciamento ágil de projetos (GAP), acompanhadas de novas práticas, técnicas e ferramentas. Parte delas presente na teoria tradicional de GP e por vezes rebatizada com novos rótulos. A confusão de nomes e práticas diminui a qualidade das pesquisas na área, e estudos nessa temática não conseguem caracterizar precisamente a abordagem utilizada. Este artigo contribui para a solução do problema apresentando uma compilação das práticas, técnicas e ferramentas para planejamento de escopo, extraídas de ambas as teorias, ágil e tradicional. Utilizou-se a revisão bibliográfica sistemática para definição e compilação dos termos práticas, técnicas e ferramentas de GP. O resultado é um referencial do tipo inventário, possibilitando a identificação das práticas em empresas reais e sua categorização quanto à abordagem utilizada, para obterem-se avaliações precisas da contribuição dessa nova abordagem

Análise comparativa in vitro entre o laser e gel de clorexidina na descontaminação de escovas dentais

As escovas dentais são usualmente armazenadas em banheiros e recebem uma grande carga de contaminação. &nbsp;Métodos físicos e químicos tem sido utilizados para sanitização desses dispositivos de higiene oral. O objetivo da presente pesquisa foi avaliar o efeito do laser associado ao corante no processo de descontaminação de escovas dentais em comparação a um gel de clorexidina a 2%. Quarenta pacientes adultos, entre 20 e 55 anos, portadores de gengivite associada ao biofilme supragengival, realizaram escovação dental três vezes ao dia, durante uma semana, momento em que as escovas foram recolhidas para o processo laboratorial de descontaminação. As escovas dentais foram divididas de forma similar em quatro grupos: Controle – sem descontaminação; Laser – descontaminação com luz laser; Laser C – descontaminação com luz laser associado ao corante e CLG – descontaminação com gel de clorexidina a 2%. As mesmas foram imersas durante trinta segundos em tubos de ensaio contendo Brain Heart Infusion (BHI), os quais foram colocados na estufa a 37oC durante 24 horas para ocorrer o crescimento bacteriano. O grupo Laser C apresentou menor nível de turvação e sedimento (p&lt;0,05), porém foi inferior ao grupo CLG (p&lt;0,05). O Laser C reduziu significativamente a contaminação dos dispositivos de higiene bucal, porém o meio químico contendo gel de clorexidina a 2% foi o método mais eficaz de descontaminação

Consenso nacional de ressuscitação cardiorespiratória

Resumo não disponíve

Determinants of intensive insulin therapeutic regimens in patients with type 1 diabetes: data from a nationwide multicenter survey in Brazil

Background: To evaluate the determinants of intensive insulin regimens (ITs) in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D).Methods: This multicenter study was conducted between December 2008 and December 2010 in 28 public clinics in 20 Brazilian cities. Data were obtained from 3,591 patients (56.0% female, 57.1% Caucasian). Insulin regimens were classified as follows: group 1, conventional therapy (CT) (intermediate human insulin, one to two injections daily); group 2 (three or more insulin injections of intermediate plus regular human insulin); group 3 (three or more insulin injections of intermediate human insulin plus short-acting insulin analogues); group 4, basal-bolus (one or two insulin injections of long-acting plus short-acting insulin analogues or regular insulin); and group 5, basal-bolus with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII). Groups 2 to 5 were considered IT groups.Results: We obtained complete data from 2,961 patients. Combined intermediate plus regular human insulin was the most used therapeutic regimen. CSII was used by 37 (1.2%) patients and IT by 2,669 (90.2%) patients. More patients on IT performed self-monitoring of blood glucose and were treated at the tertiary care level compared to CT patients (p < 0.001). the majority of patients from all groups had HbA1c levels above the target. Overweight or obesity was not associated with insulin regimen. Logistic regression analysis showed that economic status, age, ethnicity, and level of care were associated with IT (p < 0.001).Conclusions: Given the prevalence of intensive treatment for T1D in Brazil, more effective therapeutic strategies are needed for long term-health benefits.Farmanguinhos/Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz/National Health MinistryBrazilian Diabetes SocietyFundacao do Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de JaneiroConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Univ Estado Rio de Janeiro, Unit Diabet, BR-20551030 Rio de Janeiro, BrazilBaurus Diabet Assoc, São Paulo, BrazilFed Univ São Paulo State, Diabet Unit, São Paulo, BrazilFed Univ Hosp Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, BrazilUniv Hosp São Paulo, Diabet Unit, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilUniv Fed Ceara, Fortaleza, Ceara, BrazilSanta Casa Misericordia, Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilSanta Casa Misericordia São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, BrazilHosp Geral de Bonsucesso, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilHosp Univ Clementino Fraga Filho IPPMG, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilUniv Hosp São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilFac Ciencias Med Santa Casa São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilUniv São Paulo, Inst Crianca, Hosp Clin, São Paulo, BrazilUniv São Paulo, Fac Med Ribeirao Preto, Hosp Clin, Ribeirao Preto, BrazilAmbulatorio Fac Estadual Med Sao Jose Rio Preto, Ribeirao Preto, BrazilEscola Paulista Med, Ctr Diabet, Ribeirao Preto, BrazilClin Endocrinol Santa Casa Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilUniv Estadual Londrina, Londrina, BrazilUniv Fed Parana, Hosp Clin, Porto Alegre, RS, BrazilInst Crianca Com Diabet Rio Grande Sul, Rio Grande Do Sul, RS, BrazilGrp Hosp Conceicao, Inst Crianca Com Diabet, Porto Alegre, RS, BrazilHosp Univ Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, BrazilInst Diabet Endocrinol Joinville, Joinville, BrazilHosp Reg Taguatinga, Brasilia, DF, BrazilHosp Geral Goiania, Goiania, Go, BrazilCtr Diabet & Endocrinol Estado Bahia, Goiania, Go, BrazilUniv Fed Maranhao, Sao Luis, BrazilCtr Integrado Diabet & Hipertensao Ceara, Fortaleza, Ceara, BrazilUniv Fed Sergipe, Aracaju, BrazilHosp Univ Alcides Carneiro, Campina Grande, BrazilHosp Univ Joao de Barros Barreto, Belem, Para, BrazilFed Univ São Paulo State, Diabet Unit, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Hosp São Paulo, Diabet Unit, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Hosp São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilEscola Paulista Med, Ctr Diabet, Ribeirao Preto, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Health-related quality of life in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus in the different geographical regions of Brazil : data from the Brazilian Type 1 Diabetes Study Group

Background: In type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) management, enhancing health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is as important as good metabolic control and prevention of secondary complications. This study aims to evaluate possible regional differences in HRQoL, demographic features and clinical characteristics of patients with T1DM in Brazil, a country of continental proportions, as well as investigate which variables could influence the HRQoL of these individuals and contribute to these regional disparities. Methods: This was a retrospective, cross-sectional, multicenter study performed by the Brazilian Type 1 Diabetes Study Group (BrazDiab1SG), by analyzing EuroQol scores from 3005 participants with T1DM, in 28 public clinics, among all geographical regions of Brazil. Data on demography, economic status, chronic complications, glycemic control and lipid profile were also collected. Results: We have found that the North-Northeast region presents a higher index in the assessment of the overall health status (EQ-VAS) compared to the Southeast (74.6 ± 30 and 70.4 ± 19, respectively; p < 0.05). In addition, North- Northeast presented a lower frequency of self-reported anxiety-depression compared to all regions of the country (North-Northeast: 1.53 ± 0.6; Southeast: 1.65 ± 0.7; South: 1.72 ± 0.7; Midwest: 1.67 ± 0.7; p < 0.05). These findings could not be entirely explained by the HbA1c levels or the other variables examined. Conclusions: Our study points to the existence of additional factors not yet evaluated that could be determinant in the HRQoL of people with T1DM and contribute to these regional disparities

Assessing the impact of COVID-19 on liver cancer management (CERO-19).

BACKGROUND & AIMS: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has posed unprecedented challenges to healthcare systems and it may have heavily impacted patients with liver cancer (LC). Herein, we evaluated whether the schedule of LC screening or procedures has been interrupted or delayed because of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: An international survey evaluated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on clinical practice and clinical trials from March 2020 to June 2020, as the first phase of a multicentre, international, and observational project. The focus was on patients with hepatocellular carcinoma or intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, cared for around the world during the first COVID-19 pandemic wave. RESULTS: Ninety-one centres expressed interest to participate and 76 were included in the analysis, from Europe, South America, North America, Asia, and Africa (73.7%, 17.1%, 5.3%, 2.6%, and 1.3% per continent, respectively). Eighty-seven percent of the centres modified their clinical practice: 40.8% the diagnostic procedures, 80.9% the screening programme, 50% cancelled curative and/or palliative treatments for LC, and 41.7% modified the liver transplantation programme. Forty-five out of 69 (65.2%) centres in which clinical trials were running modified their treatments in that setting, but 58.1% were able to recruit new patients. The phone call service was modified in 51.4% of centres which had this service before the COVID-19 pandemic (n = 19/37). CONCLUSIONS: The first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic had a tremendous impact on the routine care of patients with liver cancer. Modifications in screening, diagnostic, and treatment algorithms may have significantly impaired the outcome of patients. Ongoing data collection and future analyses will report the benefits and disadvantages of the strategies implemented, aiding future decision-making. LAY SUMMARY: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has posed unprecedented challenges to healthcare systems globally. Herein, we assessed the impact of the first wave pandemic on patients with liver cancer and found that routine care for these patients has been majorly disrupted, which could have a significant impact on outcomes

Identification of heavy-flavour jets with the CMS detector in pp collisions at 13 TeV

Many measurements and searches for physics beyond the standard model at the LHC rely on the efficient identification of heavy-flavour jets, i.e. jets originating from bottom or charm quarks. In this paper, the discriminating variables and the algorithms used for heavy-flavour jet identification during the first years of operation of the CMS experiment in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, are presented. Heavy-flavour jet identification algorithms have been improved compared to those used previously at centre-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV. For jets with transverse momenta in the range expected in simulated $\mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}}$ events, these new developments result in an efficiency of 68% for the correct identification of a b jet for a probability of 1% of misidentifying a light-flavour jet. The improvement in relative efficiency at this misidentification probability is about 15%, compared to previous CMS algorithms. In addition, for the first time algorithms have been developed to identify jets containing two b hadrons in Lorentz-boosted event topologies, as well as to tag c jets. The large data sample recorded in 2016 at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV has also allowed the development of new methods to measure the efficiency and misidentification probability of heavy-flavour jet identification algorithms. The heavy-flavour jet identification efficiency is measured with a precision of a few per cent at moderate jet transverse momenta (between 30 and 300 GeV) and about 5% at the highest jet transverse momenta (between 500 and 1000 GeV)