796 research outputs found
Spectral Reconstruction and Noise Model Estimation Based on a Masking Model for Noise Robust Speech Recognition
An effective way to increase noise robustness in automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems is feature enhancement based on an analytical distortion model that describes the effects of noise on the speech features. One of such distortion models that has been reported to achieve a good trade-off between accuracy and simplicity is the masking model. Under this model, speech distortion caused by environmental noise is seen as a spectral mask and, as a result, noisy speech features can be either reliable (speech is not masked by noise) or unreliable (speech is masked). In this paper, we present a detailed overview of this model and its applications to noise robust ASR. Firstly, using the masking model, we derive a spectral reconstruction technique aimed at enhancing the noisy speech features. Two problems must be solved in order to perform spectral reconstruction using the masking model: (1) mask estimation, i.e. determining the reliability of the noisy features, and (2) feature imputation, i.e. estimating speech for the unreliable features. Unlike missing data imputation techniques where the two problems are considered as independent, our technique jointly addresses them by exploiting a priori knowledge of the speech and noise sources in the form of a statistical model. Secondly, we propose an algorithm for estimating the noise model required by the feature enhancement technique. The proposed algorithm fits a Gaussian mixture model to the noise by iteratively maximising the likelihood of the noisy speech signal so that noise can be estimated even during speech-dominating frames. A comprehensive set of experiments carried out on the Aurora-2 and Aurora-4 databases shows that the proposed method achieves significant improvements over the baseline system and other similar missing data imputation techniques
PTGIS (prostaglandin I2 (prostacyclin) synthase)
Review on PTGIS (prostaglandin I2 (prostacyclin) synthase), with data on DNA, on the protein encoded, and where the gene is implicated
Tettigonioideos españoles [Ephippigerinae]
Tesis Univ. Complutense Madrid, 1984.Fac. de Ciencias BiolĂłgicasTRUEProQuestpu
Tettigonioideos españoles [Ephippigerinae]
Tesis Univ. Complutense Madrid, 1984.Fac. de Ciencias BiolĂłgicasTRUEProQuestpu
Perturbing exactly tri-bimaximal neutrino mixings with charged lepton mass matrices
We study perturbations of exactly tri-bimaximal neutrino mixings under the
assumption that they are coming solely from the charged lepton mass matrix.
This may be plausible in scenarios where the mass generation mechanisms of
neutrinos and charged leptons/quarks have a different origin. As a working
hypothesis, we assume mass textures which may be generated by the
Froggatt-Nielsen mechanism for the charged lepton and quark sectors, which
generically leads to strong hierarchies, whereas the neutrino sector is exactly
tri-bimaximal with a mild (normal) hierarchy. We find that in this approach,
deviations from maximal atmospheric mixing can be introduced without affecting
theta_13 and theta_12, whereas a deviation of theta_13 or theta_12 from its
tri-bimaximal value will inevitably lead to a similar-sized deviation of the
other parameter. Therefore, the already very precise knowledge of theta_12
points towards small sin^2(2 theta_13) <= 0.01. The magnitude of this deviation
can be controlled by the specific form of the charged lepton texture.Comment: 13 pages, 9 figures; matches published version, changes in notatio
Deviation from Tri-Bimaximal Mixing and Large Reactor Mixing Angle
Recent observations for a non-zero have come from various
experiments. We study a model of lepton mixing with a 2-3 flavor symmetry to
accommodate the sizable measurement. In this work, we derive
deviations from the tri-bimaximal (TBM) pattern arising from breaking the
flavor symmetry in the neutrino sector, while the charged leptons contribution
has been discussed in a previous work. Contributions from both sectors towards
accommodating the non-zero measurement are presented.Comment: 25 pages, 12 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with
arXiv:1109.232
960-84 Ramdomized Prospective Comparison of Four Burst Pacing Algorithms for Spontaneous Ventricular Tachycardia
Burst antitachycardia pacing (ATP) is higly efficacious for termination of monomorphic ventricular tachycardia (MVT). Since several pacing sequences are usually programmed as a single therapy. optimal programming is presently unknown. In 40 patients (P) with MVT and a 3rd generation AICD, 4 burst ATP were prospectively compared (as afirst single ATP) during followup in a randomized design crossing over every 2–3 months. Burst ATP modes (A to D) were defined by pacing cycle length (PCL, as % of VTCL) and number of beats (No B) (Table). A second ATP zone was programmed in a non selected way in all patientsResults (Table)374 episodes (317 considered MVT) received ATP therapies in 23 patients. RR intervals could be retrieved for MVT-CL analysis in 168 episodes. Succes rate of combined first (randomized) and second (non selected) therapies was 92%. Acceleration rate estimation was 2%.TherapyABCDglobalpPCL/No B91/781/791/1581/15AllVT68%46%85%61%69%<0.001VTCL < 350*82%14%44%38%47%0.03VTCL> 350°73%100%91%86%90%ns*Cl < 350: group of Mvr with Cl < 350ms°Cl > 350: Mvr with Cl > 350msConclusions1. Efficacy of the tested burst pacing modes differs significantly, at least in fast VT. 2. Contrary to what could be expected. “less agressive” bursts seem to be more efficacious, even in fast VT
A Standardised Procedure for Evaluating Creative Systems: Computational Creativity Evaluation Based on What it is to be Creative
Computational creativity is a flourishing research area, with a variety of creative systems being produced and developed. Creativity evaluation has not kept pace with system development with an evident lack of systematic evaluation of the creativity of these systems in the literature. This is partially due to difficulties in defining what it means for a computer to be creative; indeed, there is no consensus on this for human creativity, let alone its computational equivalent. This paper proposes a Standardised Procedure for Evaluating Creative Systems (SPECS). SPECS is a three-step process: stating what it means for a particular computational system to be creative, deriving and performing tests based on these statements. To assist this process, the paper offers a collection of key components of creativity, identified empirically from discussions of human and computational creativity. Using this approach, the SPECS methodology is demonstrated through a comparative case study evaluating computational creativity systems that improvise music
The Snail repressor recruits EZH2 to specific genomic sites through the enrollment of the lncRNA HOTAIR in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition
The transcription factor Snail is a master regulator of cellular identity and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) directly repressing a broad repertoire of epithelial genes. How chromatin modifiers instrumental to its activity are recruited to Snail-specific binding sites is unclear. Here we report that the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) HOTAIR (for HOX Transcript Antisense Intergenic RNA) mediates a physical interaction between Snail and enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), an enzymatic subunit of the polycomb-repressive complex 2 and the main writer of chromatin-repressive marks. The Snail-repressive activity, here monitored on genes with a pivotal function in epithelial and hepatic morphogenesis, differentiation and cell-type identity, depends on the formation of a tripartite Snail/HOTAIR/EZH2 complex. These results demonstrate an lncRNA-mediated mechanism by which a transcriptional factor conveys a general chromatin modifier to specific genes, thereby allowing the execution of hepatocyte transdifferentiation; moreover, they highlight HOTAIR as a crucial player in the Snail-mediated EMT.Oncogene advance online publication, 25 July 2016; doi:10.1038/onc.2016.260
A See-Saw model for fermion masses and mixings
We present a supersymmetric see-saw model giving rise to the most
general neutrino mass matrix compatible with Tri-Bimaximal mixing. We adopt the
flavour symmetry, broken by suitable vacuum expectation values
of a small number of flavon fields. We show that the vacuum alignment is a
natural solution of the most general superpotential allowed by the flavour
symmetry, without introducing any soft breaking terms. In the charged lepton
sector, mass hierarchies are controlled by the spontaneous breaking of the
flavour symmetry caused by the vevs of one doublet and one triplet flavon
fields instead of using the Froggatt-Nielsen U(1) mechanism. The next to
leading order corrections to both charged lepton mass matrix and flavon vevs
generate corrections to the mixing angles as large as .
Applied to the quark sector, the symmetry group can give a
leading order proportional to the identity as well as a matrix with
coefficients in the Cabibbo submatrix. Higher order
corrections produce non vanishing entries in the other entries which
are generically of .Comment: 30 pages, 3 figures, minor changes to match the published versio
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