Eucalyptus sp. seedling response to potassium fertilization and soil water.

A considerable portion of Brazil‘s commercial eucalypt plantations is located in areas subjected to periods of water deficit and grown in soils with low natural fertility, particularly poor in potassium. Potassium is influential in controlling water relations of plants. The objective of this study was to verify the influence of potassium fertilization and soil water potential (Ψw) on the dry matter production and on water relations of eucalypt seedlings grown under greenhouse conditions. The experimental units were arranged in 4x4x2 randomized blocks factorial design, as follow: four species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus grandis, Eucalyptus urophylla, Eucalyptus camaldulensis and hybrid Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla), four dosages of K (0, 50, 100 and 200 mg dm-3) and two soil water potentials (-0.01MPa and -0.1 MPa). Plastic containers with 15 cm diameter and 18 cm height, with Styrofoam base, containing 3.0 dm3 of soil and two plants per container were used. Soil water potential was kept at –0.01MPa for 40 days after seeding. Afterward, the experimental units were divided into two groups: in one group the potential was kept at -0.01MPa, and in the other one, at -0.10 MPa. Soil water potential was controlled gravimetrically twice a day with water replacement until the desired potential was reestablished. A week before harvesting, the leaf water potential (Ψ), the photosynthetic rate (A), the stomatal conductance (gs) and the transpiration rate were evaluated. The last week before harvesting, the mass of the containers was recorded daily before watering to determine the consumption of water by the plants. After harvesting, total dry matter and leaf area were evaluated. The data were submitted to analysis of variance, to Tukey's tests and regression analyses. The application of K influenced A, gs and the transpiration rate. Plants deficient in K showed lower A and higher gs and transpiration rates. There were no statistical differences in A, gs and transpiration rates in plants with and without water deficit. The addition of K reduced the consumption of water per unit of leaf area and, in general, plants submitted to water deficit presented a lower consumption of water.A considerable portion of Brazil‘s commercial eucalypt plantations is located in areas subjected to periods of water deficit and grown in soils with low natural fertility, particularly poor in potassium. Potassium is influential in controlling water relations of plants. The objective of this study was to verify the influence of potassium fertilization and soil water potential (Ψw) on the dry matter production and on water relations of eucalypt seedlings grown under greenhouse conditions. The experimental units were arranged in 4x4x2 randomized blocks factorial design, as follow: four species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus grandis, Eucalyptus urophylla, Eucalyptus camaldulensis and hybrid Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla), four dosages of K (0, 50, 100 and 200 mg dm-3) and two soil water potentials (-0.01MPa and -0.1 MPa). Plastic containers with 15 cm diameter and 18 cm height, with Styrofoam base, containing 3.0 dm3 of soil and two plants per container were used. Soil water potential was kept at -0.01MPa for 40 days after seeding. Afterward, the experimental units were divided into two groups: in one group the potential was kept at -0.01MPa, and in the other one, at -0.10 MPa. Soil water potential was controlled gravimetrically twice a day with water replacement until the desired potential was reestablished. A week before harvesting, the leaf water potential (Ψ), the photosynthetic rate (A), the stomatal conductance (gs) and the transpiration rate were evaluated. The last week before harvesting, the mass of the containers was recorded daily before watering to determine the consumption of water by the plants. After harvesting, total dry matter and leaf area were evaluated. The data were submitted to analysis of variance, to Tukey's tests and regression analyses. The application of K influenced A, gs and the transpiration rate. Plants deficient in K showed lower A and higher gs and transpiration rates. There were no statistical differences in A, gs and transpiration rates in plants with and without water deficit. The addition of K reduced the consumption of water per unit of leaf area and, in general, plants submitted to water deficit presented a lower consumption of water

Saberes docentes reflexões e contrapontos: prática pedagógica na educação básica

This study on teaching knowledge presents theoretical frameworks that support academic in the area of teacher education. Theoretical concepts in the context of teaching, learning and teaching knowledge are discussed. Its objective is to understand the relevance of teaching knowledge in the relevance of teaching knowledge in the practice of Basic Education teachers, and to identify how this knowledge is built and reconstructed in the face of the teaching trajectory. Research with a qualitative and bibliographic approach, highlighting authors such as: Azzi (2005), Pimenta (2009; 2005) and Tardif (2022). It appears that the knowledge of teaching is not limited to the knowledge acquired by the training process, as knowledge is contituted through time, learning and experience at work.Este estudo sobre os saberes da docência apresenta recortes teóricos que fundamentam as pesquisas acadêmicas na área da formação de professores. Discute-se conceitos teóricos no âmbito do ensino, da aprendizagem e dos saberes da docência. Tem como objetivo compreender qual é a relevância dos saberes docentes na prática do professor da Educação Básica, e identificar como esses saberes se constrói e reconstrói diante a trajetória docente. Pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, e bibliográfica, destacando autores como: Azzi (2005), Pimenta (2009, 2005) e Tardif (2022). Depreende-se que os saberes da docência não se reduzem apenas aos conhecimentos adquiridos pelo processo formativo, pois os saberes são constituídos por intermédio do tempo, da aprendizagem e experiência no trabalho

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AS A COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE

Esta resenha tem por objetivo analisar criticamente o artigo de Oscar Fernando Osorio Balarine publicado na Revista de Administração de Empresas (RAE) eletrônica volume 1, número 1, jan./jun. 2002. O artigo ofereceu uma visão do papel potencial da Tecnologia da Informação como um recurso competitivo, considerando o cenário do ano de sua publicação. Esse trabalho buscou realizar um contraponto da aplicabilidade das premissas apresentadas pelo autor, tendo em vista a realidade atual.The purpose of this review is to critically analyze the article by Oscar Fernando Osorio Balarine published in “Revista de Adminstração de Empresas” (RAE) electronic magazine volume 1, number 1, jan./jun. 2002. The article offered an insight into the potential role of Information Technology as a competitive resource, considering the scenario of the year of its publication. This work will seek to counteract the applicability of the assumptions presented by the author, in view of the current reality

DENSITY MANAGEMENT DIAGRAM FOR Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill. ex Maiden STANDS CONTROLLED BY DOMINANT HEIGHT

Density management diagram for eucalyptus stands controlled by dominant height. The present study aimed to elaborate Density Management Diagrams (DMD) for Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill. ex Maiden stands including the dominant height. Data were obtained from permanent plots installed in the Centro Oriental Riograndense region and the Porto Alegre Metropolitan area, both located in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. The models to describe the relationships between average volume, number of trees per hectare, mean diameter, and dominant height were assessed by the statistical criteria of coefficient of determination (R²), standard error of the estimate in percentage (Syx%), and graphical analysis of residuals. The developed DMD allows for a better control of stocks in the management of stands due to the strong relationship of dominant height with stand development site and forest yield.Keywords: Growth, Site index, Forest regulation, Yield

Retorno ao esporte após tratamento cirúrgico de pubeíte em jogadores de futebol profissional

OBJECTIVE:to evaluate the return to sport after surgical treatment for pubalgia among 30 professional soccer players and describe the surgical technique used.METHOD:this case series was evaluated by means of a questionnaire and physical examination on 30 male professional soccer players of mean age 24.4 years (range: 18-30). The mean duration of the symptoms was 18.6 months (range: 13-28). The diagnosis was made through clinical investigation, special maneuvers and complementary examinations, by the same examiner. All the patients underwent surgical treatment after conservative treatment failed; all procedures were performed by the same surgeon using the same technique. Nonparametric comparisons were made to investigate the time taken to recover after the surgery, for the patients to return to their sport.RESULTS:five patients evolved with hematoma, with the need to remove the stitches three weeks after the operation because of a small dehiscence at the site of the operative wound. The wound healed completely in all these cases by five weeks after the surgery. Four patients presented dysuria in the first week, but improved in the second postoperative week. The mean time taken to return to training was around eight weeks (range: seven-nine). All the players returned to competitive soccer practice within 16 weeks. When asked about their degree of satisfaction after the operation (satisfied or dissatisfied), taking into consideration their return to the sport, there was 100% satisfaction, and they returned to professional practice at the same competitive level as before the injury. This degree of satisfaction continued to the last assessment, which was made after 36 months of postoperative follow-up.CONCLUSION:the surgical technique presented in this case series, with trapezoidal resection of the pubic symphysis in association with bilateral partial tenotomy of the long adductor, was a fast and effective procedure with a low rate of postoperative complications. It was shown to be an excellent treatment option for refractory cases, with a return to sports activity among professional soccer players.OBJETIVO:avaliar o retorno ao esporte após tratamento cirúrgico da pubeíte em 30 jogadores de futebol profissional e descrever a técnica cirúrgica empregada.MÉTODO:série de casos por meio de questionário e exame físico em 30 jogadores de futebol profissional. Atletas masculinos, com idade média de 24,4 anos (18 a 30). A duração média dos sintomas foi de 18,6 meses (13 a 28). O diagnóstico foi feito por meio de investigação clínica, manobras especiais e exames complementares por um mesmo examinador. Todos os pacientes foram submetidos ao tratamento cirúrgico após falha do tratamento conservador, pelo mesmo cirurgião e com a mesma técnica. A comparação não paramétrica foi efetuada para investigar o tempo de recuperação após a cirurgia para retorno ao esporte.RESULTADOS:cinco pacientes evoluíram com hematoma e foi necessária a retirada dos pontos com três semanas por causa de pequena deiscência no local da ferida operatória. Houve cicatrização completa da ferida em todos esses casos após cinco semanas. Quatro pacientes apresentaram disúria na primeira semana, porém melhoraram na segunda semana pós-operatória. O tempo médio para retorno aos treinos ocorreu em torno de oito semanas (sete a nove). Todos os atletas retornaram à prática de futebol competitivo em até 16 semanas. Quando interrogados sobre o grau de satisfação no pós-operatório (satisfeito ou insatisfeito), levando em consideração o retorno ao esporte, houve 100% de satisfação e retorno à prática profissional no mesmo nível competitivo prévio à lesão. Esse grau de satisfação persistiu até a última avaliação após 36 meses de seguimento pós-operatório.CONCLUSÃO:a técnica cirúrgica apresentada nesta série de casos com ressecção trapezoidal da sínfise púbica associada a tenotomia parcial bilateral do adutor longo é um procedimento rápido, efetivo e com baixo índice de complicações pós-operatórias. Revela-se uma excelente opção de tratamento para os casos refratários e retorno à atividade esportiva em jogadores de futebol profissional.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)UNIFESPSciEL

Modelo para simulação da dinâmica de partículas do alimento no rúmen de bovinos alimentados com cana-de-açúcar

Animal simulation models are sets of equations used to describe biological processes. A non-steady state simulation model of cattle digestion is presented in order to represent nutrient availability as a response to feed intake pattern and the kinetics of particle size reduction. Variables representing the particle size reduction and discontinuous voluntary feed intake were included in a mechanistic model created to optimize the supplementation of sugarcane based diets. In general the predicted values were very close to observed values for fibre and nitrogen flows. The model has not shown consistent bias in relation to the behavior of the observed data of duodenal flow of neutral detergent fiber and non-ammonia nitrogen. Milk production simulations were quite close to actual values. Predictions were improved by the non steady-state model, taking into account variable intake rate in relation to the previous steady-state model. The model can be used to select strategies for supplementation of cattle fed sugarcane based diets.Modelos de simulação animal são conjuntos de equações utilizados para descrever processos biológicos. Um modelo de simulação da digestão de bovinos em condições de ingestão descontínua é apresentado com objetivo de representar a disponibilidade de nutrientes como resposta ao padrão de consumo de alimentos e à cinética da redução do tamanho de partícula. Variáveis representando a redução do tamanho de partículas e consumo de alimento descontinuo foram incluídas em um modelo mecanicista criado para aperfeiçoar a suplementação de dietas à base de cana-de-açúcar. Os valores estimados estiveram muito próximos dos valores observados para fluxos de fibra e nitrogênio. O modelo não apresentou desvios consistentes dos valores observados de fluxo duodenal de fibra em detergente neutro e nitrogênio não-amoniacal. A média geral das produções de leite foi estimada com precisão. As estimativas sob condições de disponibilidade variável de nutrientes apresentaram maior precisão quando comparadas com o modelo anterior que assumia consumo continuo de nutrientes. O modelo pode ser usado para selecionar estratégias de suplementação de dietas à base de cana-de-açúcar em vacas em lactação

ARTIGOS PUBLICADOS NA ÁREA BRASILEIRA DE EDUCAÇÃO EM CIÊNCIAS SOBRE APRENDIZAGEM SIGNIFICATIVA: UM ESTUDO MÉTRICO (1996-2018)

A pesquisa é resultado de indagações oriundas de investigação anterior, a qual indicou uma evidente interface entre a Teoria da Aprendizagem Significativa e a área brasileira de Educação em Ciências. Nesse sentido, nos propomos a traçar um perfil métrico dos artigos publicados em periódicos deste campo que apresentavam a aprendizagem significativa em seus conteúdos. A metodologia utilizada se fundamentou em princípios teórico-metodológicos da bibliometria e da cienciometria. Consultamos todos os artigos publicados entre 1996 e 2018 de cinco periódicos da referida área editados no país. Foram analisados os seguintes indicadores: aspectos gerais; autoria-produção; conteúdo; e, referências. Nos resultados inferimos que o perfil cienciométrico construído traz relevantes indicativos para aprimorar nossa compreensão a respeito das tendências, frentes de investigação, leituras sociológicas da ciência, reflexões e alertas para a área, em especial para a comunidade de pesquisadores interessados nessa teoria de aprendizagem

Heart rate variability analysis for the identification of the preictal interval in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy

Electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings, lasting hours before epileptic seizures, have been studied in the search for evidence of the existence of a preictal interval that follows a normal ECG trace and precedes the seizure's clinical manifestation. The preictal interval has not yet been clinically parametrized. Furthermore, the duration of this interval varies for seizures both among patients and from the same patient. In this study, we performed a heart rate variability (HRV) analysis to investigate the discriminative power of the features of HRV in the identification of the preictal interval. HRV information extracted from the linear time and frequency domains as well as from nonlinear dynamics were analysed. We inspected data from 238 temporal lobe seizures recorded from 41 patients with drug-resistant epilepsy from the EPILEPSIAE database. Unsupervised methods were applied to the HRV feature dataset, thus leading to a new perspective in preictal interval characterization. Distinguishable preictal behaviour was exhibited by 41% of the seizures and 90% of the patients. Half of the preictal intervals were identified in the 40 min before seizure onset. The results demonstrate the potential of applying clustering methods to HRV features to deepen the current understanding of the preictal state.FCT: CISUC -UID/CEC/00326/2020/ SFRH/BD/147862/2019info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Influence of limestone rates with different calcium:magnesium ratios on shoot dry matter yield and mineral composition of alfalfa

A acidez dos solos brasileiros, com alumínio em níveis tóxicos e baixa disponibilidade de elementos essenciais, principalmente o fósforo, exige aplicações de calcário e fertilizantes para a adequada utilização agrícola. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar o efeito de quatro doses de calcário calculadas com base no teor de Al3+ trocável do solo e em cinco relações molares de Ca:Mg, na produção de matéria seca e na composição mineral da alfafa. Duas cultivares de alfafa, Flórida 77 e Crioula, foram cultivadas em Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo álico, textura argilosa, em casa de vegetação, em esquema fatorial disposto no delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições. A produção de matéria seca da parte aérea das duas cultivares aumentou em razão do aumento das doses de calcário, e somente a cultivar Flórida 77 apresentou diferenças significativas entre as relações molares Ca:Mg. Os teores de Ca, Mg e N na matéria seca da parte aérea, de modo geral, aumentaram em razão do aumento na quantidade de calcário, sendo somente os teores de Ca e Mg alterados pelas diferentes relações molares de Ca:Mg. Os teores de P e K, de modo geral, apresentaram pequenos decréscimos com a elevação das doses de calcário, embora considerados satisfatórios para a nutrição da alfafa.Acidic Brazilian soils presenting toxic aluminum levels, plus low essential elements availability, specially phosphorus, demand limestone and fertilizers application for adequate agricultural use. The effect of four limestone rates, based on soil Al3+ concentrations and five Ca:Mg ratios on the shoot dry matter yield and mineral composition of two alfalfa cultivars (Florida 77 and Crioula), cultivated in an alic Red-Yellow Latosol, clayish texture was evaluated, under greenhouse conditions. A factorial scheme in a completely randomized design with four repetitions was used. The shoot dry matter yield of both cultivars increased with the rates of limestone, but only the cultivar Florida 77 showed significant differences among Ca:Mg ratios. Concentrations of Ca, Mg and N in the shoots dry matter, in general, increased in response to applied limestone, but only the Ca and Mg altered by the different Ca:Mg ratios. Values for P and K, showed small decreases with the increase in limestone rates, although still satisfactory for alfalfa nutrition

Orotracheal intubation: physicians knowledge assessment and clinical practices in intensive care units

OBJECTIVES: To assess the physician s knowledge on intubation techniques and to identify the common practices. METHODS: This was a prospective study, involving three different intensive care units within a University hospital: Anesthesiology (ANEST), Pulmonology (PULMO) and Emergency Department (ED). All physicians working in these units and consenting to participate in the study completed a questionnaire with their demographic data and questions on orotracheal intubation. RESULTS: 85 completed questionnaires were retrieved (90.42% of the physicians). ANEST had the higher mean age (p=0.001), being 43.5% of them intensivists. The use of hypnotic and opioid association was reported by 97.6%, and pre-oxygenation by 91.8%, but only 44.6% reported sub-occipital pad use, with no difference between the ICUs. On ANEST an increased neuromuscular blockade use was reported (p<0.000) as well as increased caution with full stomach (p=0.002). The rapid sequence knowledge was restricted (mean 2.20 ± 0.89), p=0.06 between the different units. The Sellick maneuver was known by 97.6%, but 72% used it inappropriately. CONCLUSIONS: Physicians knowledge on orotracheal intubation in the intensive care unit is unsatisfactory, even among qualified professionals. It is necessary to check if the responses to the questionnaire and actual clinical practices agree.OBJETIVOS: Avaliar o conhecimento médico sobre as técnicas de intubação e identificar as práticas mais realizadas. MÉTODOS: Estudo prospectivo, envolvendo três diferentes unidades de terapia intensiva de um hospital universitário: da anestesiologia (ANEST), da pneumologia (PNEUMO) e do pronto socorro (PS). Todos os médicos que trabalham nessas unidades e que concordaram em participar do estudo, responderam um questionário contendo dados demográficos e questões sobre intubação orotraqueal. RESULTADOS: Foram obtidos 85 questionários (90,42% dos médicos). ANEST teve maior média de idade (p = 0,001), com 43,5% sendo intensivistas. Foi referido uso da associação hipnótico e opióide (97,6%) e pré oxigenação (91,8%), mas apenas 44,6% referiram utilização de coxim suboccipital, sem diferença entre as UTIs. Na ANEST, referiu-se maior uso de bloqueador neuromuscular (p < 0,000) e maior cuidado com estômago cheio (p = 0,002). O conhecimento sobre sequência rápida foi restrito (nota média - 2,20 ± 0,89, com p = 0,6 entre as unidades de terapia intensiva. A manobra de Sellick era conhecida por (97,6%), mas 72% usaram-na inapropriadamente. CONCLUSÕES: O conhecimento médico sobre intubação orotraqueal em terapia intensiva não é satisfatório, mesmo entre profissionais qualificados para tal procedimento. É necessário avaliar se há concordância entre as respostas dos questionários e as práticas clínicas efetivamente adotadas.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Escola Paulista de Medicina Curso de MedicinaUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Disciplina de Emergências ClinicasUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Disciplina de PneumologiaUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Disciplina de Anestesiologia, Dor e Terapia Intensiva Unidade de Terapia IntensivaUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Disciplina de Emergências Clínicas Unidade de Terapia IntensivaUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Disciplina de Pneumologia Unidade de Terapia IntensivaUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Disciplina de Anestesiologia, Dor e Terapia Intensiva Setor de Terapia IntensivaUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Disciplina de Anestesiologia, Dor e Terapia IntensivaUNIFESP, EPM, Curso de MedicinaUNIFESP, Disciplina de Emergências ClinicasUNIFESP, Disciplina de PneumologiaUNIFESP, Disciplina de Anestesiologia, Dor e Terapia Intensiva Unidade de Terapia IntensivaUNIFESP, Disciplina de Emergências Clínicas Unidade de Terapia IntensivaUNIFESP, Disciplina de Pneumologia Unidade de Terapia IntensivaUNIFESP, Disciplina de Anestesiologia, Dor e Terapia Intensiva Setor de Terapia IntensivaUNIFESP, Disciplina de Anestesiologia, Dor e Terapia IntensivaSciEL