Branding digital: una revisión de la literatura científica en los últimos 10 años

El presente informe de investigación, muestra los trabajos que a la fecha se han desarrollado referentes al Branding Digital en estos últimos 10 años. Aunque no hay un consenso en las variables dependientes, se han desarrollado diferentes investigaciones utilizando diversos instrumentos de medición relacionada a la variable de estudio, de diferentes empresas, de servicios, comercial, e industriales y de acuerdo al tamaño en diferentes tipos. El objetivo de la presente revisión sistemática es analizar la literatura acerca de la base científica para determinar el Branding Digital como ha sido estudiado y entendido. En cuanto al diseño se realizó mediante la búsqueda sistemática en los diferentes repositorios, bibliotecas como Scielo, Redayc, Google Académico, entre otros, buscando las teorías e instrumentos de la variable de medición. Se llegó a encontrar 5 artículos, 5 tesis y 5 libros que muestran estar dentro del marco de inclusión. Concluyendo que existe información valiosa para una ejecución de tesis futura con dicha variable

Comunicación digital en Instagram y su relación con el branding de una empresa online de venta de ropa, en la ciudad de Trujillo, 2020

La investigación se propuso determinar la relación entre la Comunicación Digital en Instagram y el Branding de una empresa online de venta de ropa de la ciudad de Trujillo en el año 2020. Se tienen como base, la teoría de Proakis y Salehi (2001) acerca del sistema de la comunicación digital, además de Aacker (1996) sobre las dimensiones del branding. Para ello, se empleó un cuestionario con el método diferencial semántico: Nunca, Casi nunca, Algunas veces, Casi siempre y Siempre (Osgood et al, 1976), de 44 ítems aplicado a los 162 seguidores de la red social Instagram de una empresa de ropa “HLT”, empleando una correlación de Tau B de Kendall, para identificar la relación entre las variables. Se ha evidenciado que el 48.1% de los encuestados afirma que, casi siempre logra captar el mensaje de los contenidos que publica la marca en Instagram, pero que casi nunca interactúan con el contenido publicado en la página de Instagram de la empresa, puesto que perciben que casi nunca se publica contenido de manera frecuente. Sin embargo, el 74,1% de los seguidores, casi siempre recuerdan la marca y el logo de la empresa y casi siempre ha se han percatado de los cambios que tuvo la marca desde la última vez que realizó sus compras. Los resultados muestran una relación moderada alta entre ambas variables, la cual es positiva y significativa, esto quiere decir que, ante el aumento de la comunicación digital en Instagram, la percepción positiva del branding también aumenta

Modulation of telomere protection by the PI3K/AKT pathway

Telomeres and the insulin/PI3K pathway are considered hallmarks of aging and cancer. Here, we describe a role for PI3K/AKT in the regulation of TRF1, an essential component of the shelterin complex. PI3K and AKT chemical inhibitors reduce TRF1 telomeric foci and lead to increased telomeric DNA damage and fragility. We identify the PI3Kα isoform as responsible for this TRF1 inhibition. TRF1 is phosphorylated at different residues by AKT and these modifications regulate TRF1 protein stability and TRF1 binding to telomeric DNA in vitro and are important for in vivo TRF1 telomere location and cell viability. Patient-derived breast cancer PDX mouse models that effectively respond to a PI3Kα specific inhibitor, BYL719, show decreased TRF1 levels and increased DNA damage. These findings functionally connect two of the major pathways for cancer and aging, telomeres and the PI3K pathway, and pinpoint PI3K and AKT as novel targets for chemical modulation of telomere protection.We are indebted to D. Megias for microscopy analysis, to D. Calvo for protein purification as well as to J. Muñoz and F. García for LC/MS/MS analysis. The research was funded by project SAF2013-45111-R of Societal Changes Program of the Spanish Ministry of Economics and Competitiveness (MINECO) co-financed through the European Fund of Regional Development (FEDER), Fundación Botín, Banco Santander (Santander Universities Global Division) and Worldwide Cancer Research (WCR 16-1177).S

ICF-Based Disability Survey in a Rural Population of Adults and Older Adults Living in Cinco Villas, Northeastern Spain: Design, Methods and Population Characteristics

Background: This article describes the methods of a door-to-door screening survey exploring the distribution of disability and its major determinants in northeastern Spain. This study will set the basis for the development of disability-related services for the rural elderly in northeastern Spain. Methods: The probabilistic sample was composed of 1,354 de facto residents from a population of 12,784 Social Security card holders (age: 6 50 years). Cognitive and disability screenings were conducted (period: June 2008-June 2009). Screening instruments were the MMSE and the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule. Participants screened positive for disability underwent an assessment protocol focusing on primary care diagnoses, disability, lifestyle, and social and health service usage. Participants screened positive for cognitive functioning went through in-depth neurological evaluation. Results: The study sample is described. Usable data were available for 1,216 participants. A total of 625 individuals (51.4%) scored within the positive range in the disability screening, while 135 (11.1%) scored within the positive range of the cognitive screening. The proportion of positively screened individuals was higher for women and increased with age. Conclusions: Screening surveys represent a feasible design for examining the distribution of disability and its determinants among the elderly. Data quality may benefit from methodological developments tailored to rural populations with a low education level. Copyright (C) 2010 S. Karger AG, Base

Current Wildland Fire Patterns and Challenges in Europe : A Synthesis of National Perspectives

Changes in climate, land use, and land management impact the occurrence and severity of wildland fires in many parts of the world. This is particularly evident in Europe, where ongoing changes in land use have strongly modified fire patterns over the last decades. Although satellite data by the European Forest Fire Information System provide large-scale wildland fire statistics across European countries, there is still a crucial need to collect and summarize in-depth local analysis and understanding of the wildland fire condition and associated challenges across Europe. This article aims to provide a general overview of the current wildland fire patterns and challenges as perceived by national representatives, supplemented by national fire statistics (2009-2018) across Europe. For each of the 31 countries included, we present a perspective authored by scientists or practitioners from each respective country, representing a wide range of disciplines and cultural backgrounds. The authors were selected from members of the COST Action "Fire and the Earth System: Science & Society" funded by the European Commission with the aim to share knowledge and improve communication about wildland fire. Where relevant, a brief overview of key studies, particular wildland fire challenges a country is facing, and an overview of notable recent fire events are also presented. Key perceived challenges included (1) the lack of consistent and detailed records for wildland fire events, within and across countries, (2) an increase in wildland fires that pose a risk to properties and human life due to high population densities and sprawl into forested regions, and (3) the view that, irrespective of changes in management, climate change is likely to increase the frequency and impact of wildland fires in the coming decades. Addressing challenge (1) will not only be valuable in advancing national and pan-European wildland fire management strategies, but also in evaluating perceptions (2) and (3) against more robust quantitative evidence.Peer reviewe

Overview of recent TJ-II stellarator results

The main results obtained in the TJ-II stellarator in the last two years are reported. The most important topics investigated have been modelling and validation of impurity transport, validation of gyrokinetic simulations, turbulence characterisation, effect of magnetic configuration on transport, fuelling with pellet injection, fast particles and liquid metal plasma facing components. As regards impurity transport research, a number of working lines exploring several recently discovered effects have been developed: the effect of tangential drifts on stellarator neoclassical transport, the impurity flux driven by electric fields tangent to magnetic surfaces and attempts of experimental validation with Doppler reflectometry of the variation of the radial electric field on the flux surface. Concerning gyrokinetic simulations, two validation activities have been performed, the comparison with measurements of zonal flow relaxation in pellet-induced fast transients and the comparison with experimental poloidal variation of fluctuations amplitude. The impact of radial electric fields on turbulence spreading in the edge and scrape-off layer has been also experimentally characterized using a 2D Langmuir probe array. Another remarkable piece of work has been the investigation of the radial propagation of small temperature perturbations using transfer entropy. Research on the physics and modelling of plasma core fuelling with pellet and tracer-encapsulated solid-pellet injection has produced also relevant results. Neutral beam injection driven Alfvénic activity and its possible control by electron cyclotron current drive has been examined as well in TJ-II. Finally, recent results on alternative plasma facing components based on liquid metals are also presentedThis work has been carried out within the framework of the EUROfusion Consortium and has received funding from the Euratom research and training programme 2014–2018 under Grant Agreement No. 633053. It has been partially funded by the Ministerio de Ciencia, Inovación y Universidades of Spain under projects ENE2013-48109-P, ENE2015-70142-P and FIS2017-88892-P. It has also received funds from the Spanish Government via mobility grant PRX17/00425. The authors thankfully acknowledge the computer resources at MareNostrum and the technical support provided by the Barcelona S.C. It has been supported as well by The Science and Technology Center in Ukraine (STCU), Project P-507F

Common variants in Alzheimer's disease and risk stratification by polygenic risk scores.

Funder: Funder: Fundación bancaria ‘La Caixa’ Number: LCF/PR/PR16/51110003 Funder: Grifols SA Number: LCF/PR/PR16/51110003 Funder: European Union/EFPIA Innovative Medicines Initiative Joint Number: 115975 Funder: JPco-fuND FP-829-029 Number: 733051061Genetic discoveries of Alzheimer's disease are the drivers of our understanding, and together with polygenetic risk stratification can contribute towards planning of feasible and efficient preventive and curative clinical trials. We first perform a large genetic association study by merging all available case-control datasets and by-proxy study results (discovery n = 409,435 and validation size n = 58,190). Here, we add six variants associated with Alzheimer's disease risk (near APP, CHRNE, PRKD3/NDUFAF7, PLCG2 and two exonic variants in the SHARPIN gene). Assessment of the polygenic risk score and stratifying by APOE reveal a 4 to 5.5 years difference in median age at onset of Alzheimer's disease patients in APOE ɛ4 carriers. Because of this study, the underlying mechanisms of APP can be studied to refine the amyloid cascade and the polygenic risk score provides a tool to select individuals at high risk of Alzheimer's disease

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030

Estudo da qualidade do ar interior em edifícios da Universidade de Málaga: concentrações de radão

The results of the CAI_UMA Project are herein presented, the purpose of which was to quantify the average annual radon concentration in the university education sector by comparing it with current regulations and to estimate the consequent radiological risk. Radon 222Rn measurements were taken in five classrooms from March 2019 to April 2020. 222Rn is a naturally occurring radioactive noble gas belonging to the decay chain of uranium 238U. Measurements were taken using 5 Saphymo® AlphaE active monitors and 70 CR-39® passive detectors and developed at the Radioactivity Laboratory of the University of Cantabria (LARUC). The average annual concentration was 59 Bq/m3. These results match those predicted in national studies such as the Radon Potential Map, the Natural Gamma Radiation Map (MARNA) and the lithostratigraphic and permeability map and in existing radon measurement studies. The effective dose at the University of Malaga (UMA) due to indoor radon exposure for members of the public was determined for the first time: 0.80 mSv/yr. These concentrations do not exceed the legal reference level, although monthly average values above 300 Bq/m3 were measured in certain months. This can be ascribed to poor ventilation and to the accumulation of gas inside the classrooms via various pathways. Quantifying average annual 222Rn concentrations allows the radiological risk to be assessed and compared to reference levels, the risk being low. The goal of informing the public and raising its awareness of the risks of radon exposure was thus achieved.Se presentan los resultados del proyecto CAI_UMA cuyo objetivo fue cuantificar el promedio anual de concentración de radón en el sector educativo universitario, comparándose con la normativa vigente, estimando el riesgo radiológico derivado. Desde marzo 2019 hasta abril 2020, se realizaron mediciones de Radón 222Rn en cinco aulas. 222Rn es un gas noble radiactivo de origen natural, perteneciente a la cadena de desintegración del Uranio 238U. Las mediciones se realizaron mediante 5 detectores activos Saphymo® AlphaE y 70 pasivos CR-39®, revelados en el Laboratorio de Radioactividad, de la Universidad de Cantabria (LARUC). La concentración promedio anual fue de 59 Bq/m3. Estos resultados concuerdan con los pronosticados en estudios a nivel nacional como: el mapa del potencial de Radón, el mapa de radiación Gamma Natural (MARNA), del mapa litoestratigráfico y de permeabilidad, así como de los estudios existentes de medidas de radón. Se determina por primera vez la dosis efectiva en la Universidad de Málaga (UMA) por exposición a radón interior para miembros de público: 0,80 mSv/año. Estas concentraciones no superan el nivel de referencia normativo, si bien en determinados meses se obtienen valores promedios mensuales superiores a 300 Bq/m3. Puede atribuirse a ventilación deficiente y acumulación del gas en el interior de las aulas debida a diversas vías. Cuantificar las concentraciones medias anuales 222Rn permiten estimar el riesgo radiológico, comparándolo con los niveles de referencia, resultando ser un riesgo bajo. Se alcanza el objetivo de informar y concienciar a la sociedad sobre los riesgos a la exposición a radón.Apresentam-se os resultados do projeto CAI_UMA, cujo objetivo foi quantificar a concentração média anual de radão no setor do ensino universitário, comparando-a com as normas vigentes, estimando o risco radiológico derivado. Desde março de 2019 até abril de 2020, realizaram-se medições de Radão 222Rn em cinco salas de aula. 222Rn é um gás nobre radioativo de origem natural, pertencente à cadeia de desintegração do Uranio 238U. As medições foram realizadas com 5 detetores ativos Saphymo® AlphaE e 70 passivos CR-39®, revelados no Laboratório de Radioatividade da Universidade de Cantábria (LARUC). A concentração média anual foi de 59 Bq/m3. Esses resultados são consistentes com os previstos em estudos nacionais como; o mapa do potencial de radão, o mapa de radiação Gama Natural (MARNA), o mapa litoestratigráfico e de permeabilidade, bem como os estudos existentes de medições de radão. Determina-se pela primeira vez na Universidade de Málaga (UMA) a dose efetiva por exposição a radão interior para o público: 0,80 mSv/ano. Estas concentrações não excedem o nível de referência normativo, embora em determinados meses sejam obtidos valores médios mensais acima de 300 Bq/m3. Estes valores podem dever-se a uma ventilação deficiente e à acumulação de gás dentro das salas de aula devido a vários motivos. Quantificar as concentrações anuais médias de 222Rn permite estimar o risco radiológico, comparando-o com os níveis de referência, resultando em baixo risco. O objetivo de informar e conscientizar a sociedade sobre os riscos da exposição ao radão é assim alcançado