Temas Socio-Jurídicos. Volumen 16 No. 35 Diciembre de 1998

La presente edición de la revista Temas socio-jurídicos, la número 35, en el año 16 de publicación periódica semestral, hace un reconocimiento expreso a la labor intelectual de uno de los creadores de la Facultad de Derecho, el doctor Alfonso Gómez Gómez, al cumplirse cincuenta años de haber optado el título de Doctor en Derecho.This issue of the Temas socio-jurídicos magazine, number 35, in its 16th year of semi-annual publication, expressly acknowledges the intellectual work of one of the creators of the Faculty of Law, Dr. Alfonso Gómez Gómez, by fifty years after having obtained the title of Doctor of Law

Annual Conference on Formative Research on EFL. Practices thar inspire change.

The conference papers of the Annual Conference on Formative Research on EFL. Practices thar inspire change collect pedagogical experiences, research reports, and reflections about social issues, language teaching, teaching training, interculturality under the panorama of the Covid-19 pandemic. Each paper invites the reader to implement changes in their teaching practice through disruptive pedagogies, reflect on the social and emotional consequences of the lockdown, new paths for teacher training and different approaches for teaching interculturality. We expect to inspire new ways to train pre-service teachers and teach languages in this changing times

Bipolar multiplex families have an increased burden of common risk variants for psychiatric disorders.

Multiplex families with a high prevalence of a psychiatric disorder are often examined to identify rare genetic variants with large effect sizes. In the present study, we analysed whether the risk for bipolar disorder (BD) in BD multiplex families is influenced by common genetic variants. Furthermore, we investigated whether this risk is conferred mainly by BD-specific risk variants or by variants also associated with the susceptibility to schizophrenia or major depression. In total, 395 individuals from 33 Andalusian BD multiplex families (166 BD, 78 major depressive disorder, 151 unaffected) as well as 438 subjects from an independent, BD case/control cohort (161 unrelated BD, 277 unrelated controls) were analysed. Polygenic risk scores (PRS) for BD, schizophrenia (SCZ), and major depression were calculated and compared between the cohorts. Both the familial BD cases and unaffected family members had higher PRS for all three psychiatric disorders than the independent controls, with BD and SCZ being significant after correction for multiple testing, suggesting a high baseline risk for several psychiatric disorders in the families. Moreover, familial BD cases showed significantly higher BD PRS than unaffected family members and unrelated BD cases. A plausible hypothesis is that, in multiplex families with a general increase in risk for psychiatric disease, BD development is attributable to a high burden of common variants that confer a specific risk for BD. The present analyses demonstrated that common genetic risk variants for psychiatric disorders are likely to contribute to the high incidence of affective psychiatric disorders in the multiplex families. However, the PRS explained only part of the observed phenotypic variance, and rare variants might have also contributed to disease development

Discursos sobre el diseño, la relación con el entorno natural y la sustentabilidad

107 páginas. División de Ciencias y Artes para el Diseño. Departamento de Investigación y Conocimiento para el Diseño. Área de Hábitat y Diseño. D.R. Isaac Acosta Fuentes.El texto está estructurado en cuatro partes. En la primera de éstas se aborda el recuento y análisis de la definición de sustentabilidad con el objetivo de fundamentar las preocupaciones centrales de los planteamientos del desarrollo sustentable. En la siguiente sección se plantea un análisis general de la relación del diseño con la temática referida. En tercer término se diserta sobre la aproximación de las disciplinas de la Arquitectura, el Diseño de la Comunicación Gráfica y el Diseño Industrial al desarrollo sustentable. Para cerrar el texto se presentan algunas reflexiones que buscan señalar puntualmente tareas pendientes en cuanto a la discusión propuesta por el trabajo.Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana (México). Unidad Azcapotzalco.Coordinación editorial y cuidado de la edición: Ivonne Murillo. Diseño de gráficas y diseño y formación de interiores: Eunice Viridiana Suárez Rosales, Lenny Daniel Nuñez Maya (alumnos de servicio social: núm. ic24 proyecto de apoyo para la transformación del departamento de investigación y conocimiento)

Gol o penal : claves para comprender y disputar el deporte en el Chile actual

Cuando hablamos de deporte, hablamos de una práctica que hasta el momento ha asumido el control de lo lúdico, del tiempo libre y de la construcción de relaciones subjetivas que involucran diversas dimensiones de la vida cotidiana tales como el género, los negocios, la memoria y las identidades, las hinchadas y las políticas públicas, por mencionar algunas. Con este libro, espero, podemos generar nuevas ideas, nuevas preguntas y mejores respuestas frente al conservadurismo y al neoliberalismo que ha imperado en esta institución de la sociedad. Del Prólogo de Rodrigo Soto Lago

Mirando a África

Este proyecto pretende acercar a la comunidad educativa del centro una realidad tan próxima, compleja y dramática como la del continente africano, desde casi todas las materias. Y pretende hacerlo en coherencia con valores que identifican al centro. Los objetivos son fomentar la colaboración y participación de los alumnos intercambiando sus propias experiencias; potenciar una conciencia social y ecológica; formar integralmente a los alumnos para el mejor desarrollo de la sociedad; valorar la utilidad de la enseñanza activa y el aprendizaje cooperativo; diseñar actividades que permitan desarrollar una enseñanza interdisciplinar; posibilitar que los alumnos desarrollen estrategias globalizadoras de organización del conocimiento mediante el tratamiento de la información; favorecer el aprendizaje significativo; animar al profesorado a buscar estrategias que favorezcan la actividad didáctica; fomentar la lectura y el uso correcto de la expresión oral y escrita, además de mejorar la ortografía; extender el conocimiento y la utilización de las nuevas tecnologías de la información y la comunicación; estrechar las relaciones entre los diferentes sectores de la comunidad educativa; fomentar la participación activa en la vida social; mejorar la convivencia en el centro; desarrollar hábitos de vida saludables; provocar en los alumnos una visión positiva del centro como lugar de ocio y de enriquecimiento cultural; desarrollar y favorecer las inquietudes culturales de los alumnos; desarrollar las actitudes positivas hacia otras culturas; extender el conocimiento de lenguas extranjeras y mantener relaciones estables de colaboración con instituciones culturales y sociales. Las actividades desarrolladas se organizan en tres modalidades que son actividades globales que implican a toda la comunidad educativa como un concurso de lectura llamado África desde la biblioteca, el día del Libro, viaje de fin de curso a Túnez, apadrinar una escuela en Marruecos, una jornada cultural antes de las vacaciones de Semana Santa, talleres a cargo de la Fundación Yehudi Menuhin y Hora 31 con ciclos de charlas y conferencias; actividades durante el horario lectivo en los distintos departamentos didácticos como proyecciones de películas, composición de textos, debates y trabajos en equipo; y las actividades realizadas fuera del horario lectivo como son talleres, cineclub, coloquios, exposiciones, actividades de cooperación y asistir a diversos espectáculos. La metodología es diversa, en relación con la pluralidad de actividades que se llevan a cabo. Como indicadores del proceso de evaluación se toman para las actividades del currículo, la propia evaluación de profesores. Aunque es un indicador cuantitativo para el análisis final y junto a otros parámetros, se trabaja también la evaluación cualitativa, para que las conclusiones tengan un carácter más global de los resultados del proyecto. Por el contrario, las actividades que se realizan fuera del horario lectivo se miden con el grado de participación. Además como herramienta de evaluación individual se elaboran encuestas para alumnos y profesores para que reflejen sus opiniones personales sobre el proyecto. Se adjunta como anexo dos CD-ROM y cuestionarios..Madrid (Comunidad Autónoma). Consejería de Educación. Dirección General de Mejora de la Calidad de la EnseñanzaMadridMadrid (Comunidad Autónoma). Subdirección General de Formación del Profesorado. CRIF Las Acacias; General Ricardos 179 - 28025 Madrid; Tel. + 34915250893ES

Bipolar multiplex families have an increased burden of common risk variants for psychiatric disorders

Abstract: Multiplex families with a high prevalence of a psychiatric disorder are often examined to identify rare genetic variants with large effect sizes. In the present study, we analysed whether the risk for bipolar disorder (BD) in BD multiplex families is influenced by common genetic variants. Furthermore, we investigated whether this risk is conferred mainly by BD-specific risk variants or by variants also associated with the susceptibility to schizophrenia or major depression. In total, 395 individuals from 33 Andalusian BD multiplex families (166 BD, 78 major depressive disorder, 151 unaffected) as well as 438 subjects from an independent, BD case/control cohort (161 unrelated BD, 277 unrelated controls) were analysed. Polygenic risk scores (PRS) for BD, schizophrenia (SCZ), and major depression were calculated and compared between the cohorts. Both the familial BD cases and unaffected family members had higher PRS for all three psychiatric disorders than the independent controls, with BD and SCZ being significant after correction for multiple testing, suggesting a high baseline risk for several psychiatric disorders in the families. Moreover, familial BD cases showed significantly higher BD PRS than unaffected family members and unrelated BD cases. A plausible hypothesis is that, in multiplex families with a general increase in risk for psychiatric disease, BD development is attributable to a high burden of common variants that confer a specific risk for BD. The present analyses demonstrated that common genetic risk variants for psychiatric disorders are likely to contribute to the high incidence of affective psychiatric disorders in the multiplex families. However, the PRS explained only part of the observed phenotypic variance, and rare variants might have also contributed to disease development

Long-term safety and efficacy of patisiran for hereditary transthyretin-mediated amyloidosis with polyneuropathy: 12-month results of an open-label extension study

© 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Background: Hereditary transthyretin-mediated amyloidosis is a rare, inherited, progressive disease caused by mutations in the transthyretin (TTR) gene. We assessed the safety and efficacy of long-term treatment with patisiran, an RNA interference therapeutic that inhibits TTR production, in patients with hereditary transthyretin-mediated amyloidosis with polyneuropathy. Methods: This multicentre, open-label extension (OLE) trial enrolled patients at 43 hospitals or clinical centres in 19 countries as of Sept 24, 2018. Patients were eligible if they had completed the phase 3 APOLLO or phase 2 OLE parent studies and tolerated the study drug. Eligible patients from APOLLO (patisiran and placebo groups) and the phase 2 OLE (patisiran group) studies enrolled in this global OLE trial and received patisiran 0·3 mg/kg by intravenous infusion every 3 weeks with plans to continue to do so for up to 5 years. Efficacy assessments included measures of polyneuropathy (modified Neuropathy Impairment Score +7 [mNIS+7]), quality of life, autonomic symptoms, nutritional status, disability, ambulation status, motor function, and cardiac stress, with analysis by study groups (APOLLO-placebo, APOLLO-patisiran, phase 2 OLE patisiran) based on allocation in the parent trial. The global OLE is ongoing with no new enrolment, and current findings are based on the interim analysis of the patients who had completed 12-month efficacy assessments as of the data cutoff. Safety analyses included all patients who received one or more dose of patisiran up to the data cutoff. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02510261. Findings: Between July 13, 2015, and Aug 21, 2017, of 212 eligible patients, 211 were enrolled: 137 patients from the APOLLO-patisiran group, 49 from the APOLLO-placebo group, and 25 from the phase 2 OLE patisiran group. At the data cutoff on Sept 24, 2018, 126 (92%) of 137 patients from the APOLLO-patisiran group, 38 (78%) of 49 from the APOLLO-placebo group, and 25 (100%) of 25 from the phase 2 OLE patisiran group had completed 12-month assessments. At 12 months, improvements in mNIS+7 with patisiran were sustained from parent study baseline with treatment in the global OLE (APOLLO-patisiran mean change -4·0, 95 % CI -7·7 to -0·3; phase 2 OLE patisiran -4·7, -11·9 to 2·4). Mean mNIS+7 score improved from global OLE enrolment in the APOLLO-placebo group (mean change from global OLE enrolment -1·4, 95% CI -6·2 to 3·5). Overall, 204 (97%) of 211 patients reported adverse events, 82 (39%) reported serious adverse events, and there were 23 (11%) deaths. Serious adverse events were more frequent in the APOLLO-placebo group (28 [57%] of 49) than in the APOLLO-patisiran (48 [35%] of 137) or phase 2 OLE patisiran (six [24%] of 25) groups. The most common treatment-related adverse event was mild or moderate infusion-related reactions. The frequency of deaths in the global OLE was higher in the APOLLO-placebo group (13 [27%] of 49), who had a higher disease burden than the APOLLO-patisiran (ten [7%] of 137) and phase 2 OLE patisiran (0 of 25) groups. Interpretation: In this interim 12-month analysis of the ongoing global OLE study, patisiran appeared to maintain efficacy with an acceptable safety profile in patients with hereditary transthyretin-mediated amyloidosis with polyneuropathy. Continued long-term follow-up will be important for the overall assessment of safety and efficacy with patisiran.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Respiratory support in patients with severe COVID-19 in the International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection (ISARIC) COVID-19 study: a prospective, multinational, observational study

Background: Up to 30% of hospitalised patients with COVID-19 require advanced respiratory support, including high-flow nasal cannulas (HFNC), non-invasive mechanical ventilation (NIV), or invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). We aimed to describe the clinical characteristics, outcomes and risk factors for failing non-invasive respiratory support in patients treated with severe COVID-19 during the first two years of the pandemic in high-income countries (HICs) and low middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods: This is a multinational, multicentre, prospective cohort study embedded in the ISARIC-WHO COVID-19 Clinical Characterisation Protocol. Patients with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection who required hospital admission were recruited prospectively. Patients treated with HFNC, NIV, or IMV within the first 24 h of hospital admission were included in this study. Descriptive statistics, random forest, and logistic regression analyses were used to describe clinical characteristics and compare clinical outcomes among patients treated with the different types of advanced respiratory support. Results: A total of 66,565 patients were included in this study. Overall, 82.6% of patients were treated in HIC, and 40.6% were admitted to the hospital during the first pandemic wave. During the first 24 h after hospital admission, patients in HICs were more frequently treated with HFNC (48.0%), followed by NIV (38.6%) and IMV (13.4%). In contrast, patients admitted in lower- and middle-income countries (LMICs) were less frequently treated with HFNC (16.1%) and the majority received IMV (59.1%). The failure rate of non-invasive respiratory support (i.e. HFNC or NIV) was 15.5%, of which 71.2% were from HIC and 28.8% from LMIC. The variables most strongly associated with non-invasive ventilation failure, defined as progression to IMV, were high leukocyte counts at hospital admission (OR [95%CI]; 5.86 [4.83-7.10]), treatment in an LMIC (OR [95%CI]; 2.04 [1.97-2.11]), and tachypnoea at hospital admission (OR [95%CI]; 1.16 [1.14-1.18]). Patients who failed HFNC/NIV had a higher 28-day fatality ratio (OR [95%CI]; 1.27 [1.25-1.30]). Conclusions: In the present international cohort, the most frequently used advanced respiratory support was the HFNC. However, IMV was used more often in LMIC. Higher leucocyte count, tachypnoea, and treatment in LMIC were risk factors for HFNC/NIV failure. HFNC/NIV failure was related to worse clinical outcomes, such as 28-day mortality. Trial registration This is a prospective observational study; therefore, no health care interventions were applied to participants, and trial registration is not applicable

Respiratory support in patients with severe COVID-19 in the International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection (ISARIC) COVID-19 study: a prospective, multinational, observational study

Background: Up to 30% of hospitalised patients with COVID-19 require advanced respiratory support, including high-flow nasal cannulas (HFNC), non-invasive mechanical ventilation (NIV), or invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). We aimed to describe the clinical characteristics, outcomes and risk factors for failing non-invasive respiratory support in patients treated with severe COVID-19 during the first two years of the pandemic in high-income countries (HICs) and low middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods: This is a multinational, multicentre, prospective cohort study embedded in the ISARIC-WHO COVID-19 Clinical Characterisation Protocol. Patients with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection who required hospital admission were recruited prospectively. Patients treated with HFNC, NIV, or IMV within the first 24 h of hospital admission were included in this study. Descriptive statistics, random forest, and logistic regression analyses were used to describe clinical characteristics and compare clinical outcomes among patients treated with the different types of advanced respiratory support. Results: A total of 66,565 patients were included in this study. Overall, 82.6% of patients were treated in HIC, and 40.6% were admitted to the hospital during the first pandemic wave. During the first 24 h after hospital admission, patients in HICs were more frequently treated with HFNC (48.0%), followed by NIV (38.6%) and IMV (13.4%). In contrast, patients admitted in lower- and middle-income countries (LMICs) were less frequently treated with HFNC (16.1%) and the majority received IMV (59.1%). The failure rate of non-invasive respiratory support (i.e. HFNC or NIV) was 15.5%, of which 71.2% were from HIC and 28.8% from LMIC. The variables most strongly associated with non-invasive ventilation failure, defined as progression to IMV, were high leukocyte counts at hospital admission (OR [95%CI]; 5.86 [4.83–7.10]), treatment in an LMIC (OR [95%CI]; 2.04 [1.97–2.11]), and tachypnoea at hospital admission (OR [95%CI]; 1.16 [1.14–1.18]). Patients who failed HFNC/NIV had a higher 28-day fatality ratio (OR [95%CI]; 1.27 [1.25–1.30]). Conclusions: In the present international cohort, the most frequently used advanced respiratory support was the HFNC. However, IMV was used more often in LMIC. Higher leucocyte count, tachypnoea, and treatment in LMIC were risk factors for HFNC/NIV failure. HFNC/NIV failure was related to worse clinical outcomes, such as 28-day mortality. Trial registration This is a prospective observational study; therefore, no health care interventions were applied to participants, and trial registration is not applicable