Analysis of teachers´perceptions in the development of their professional work

En este estudio se analizan las creencias de autoeficacia de los y las docentes españoles y españolas, en el contexto de la Educación Primaria, Educación Secundaria Obligatoria (ESO) y Bachillerato, aplicando el cuestionario CACPD (Cuestionario de autoeficacia de las competencias profesionales del docente), en el curso escolar 2014-2015. Los resultados arrojan que las creencias sobre la propia eficacia docente, evaluada teniendo en cuenta las competencias docentes, depende del género, la etapa educativa, la titularidad del centro y las materias. No existiendo diferencias significativas en cuanto a los años de experiencia. El estudio concluye que en la formación inicial y continua del profesorado, sería posible llevar a cabo un trabajo centrado en el desarrollo de profesores líderes cuya relación con el alumno sea de reciprocidad, que sepan poner en práctica su capacidad creativa, con una actitud elevada hacia el esfuerzo, motivación y perseverancia en la adversidad, con buena práctica pedagógica y que desarrollen una capacidad de autoevaluación reflexionando y autorregulando su actuación docente, con mirada metacognitiva, cuya finalidad sea mejorar su propia actuación docenteIn this study we analyze Spanish teachers´ believes in Elementary, Middle and High School, applying the questionnaire CACPD (Questionnaire self-efficacy teachers´ believes), in the school course 2014-2015. The study show that the teachers´ believes evaluated efficiency in theirs competences depends on the kind, the educational stage, the ownership of the center and the matters. Not existing significant differences as for the years of experience. The study concludes that in the initial and continuous formation, we could be a work focuses on the development of leading teachers whose relation with the pupil will be of reciprocity, which they can put into practice his creative capacity, with an attitude raised towards the effort, motivation and perseverance in the adversity, with good pedagogic practice and that develop an individual teacher´s capacity of self-evaluation thinking over and self-regulation on their educational action, with metacognition, whose purpose is to improve his own educational actio

Evolving trends in the management of acute appendicitis during COVID-19 waves. The ACIE appy II study

Background: In 2020, ACIE Appy study showed that COVID-19 pandemic heavily affected the management of patients with acute appendicitis (AA) worldwide, with an increased rate of non-operative management (NOM) strategies and a trend toward open surgery due to concern of virus transmission by laparoscopy and controversial recommendations on this issue. The aim of this study was to survey again the same group of surgeons to assess if any difference in management attitudes of AA had occurred in the later stages of the outbreak. Methods: From August 15 to September 30, 2021, an online questionnaire was sent to all 709 participants of the ACIE Appy study. The questionnaire included questions on personal protective equipment (PPE), local policies and screening for SARS-CoV-2 infection, NOM, surgical approach and disease presentations in 2021. The results were compared with the results from the previous study. Results: A total of 476 answers were collected (response rate 67.1%). Screening policies were significatively improved with most patients screened regardless of symptoms (89.5% vs. 37.4%) with PCR and antigenic test as the preferred test (74.1% vs. 26.3%). More patients tested positive before surgery and commercial systems were the preferred ones to filter smoke plumes during laparoscopy. Laparoscopic appendicectomy was the first option in the treatment of AA, with a declined use of NOM. Conclusion: Management of AA has improved in the last waves of pandemic. Increased evidence regarding SARS-COV-2 infection along with a timely healthcare systems response has been translated into tailored attitudes and a better care for patients with AA worldwide

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Masculinidades a pelo: la masculinidad aprendida y su incidencia en la salud sexual, un módulo educativo para prevención del VIH en hombres que tienen sexo con hombres

Aborda la masculinidad aprendida y su incidencia en la salud sexual de los hombres que tienen sexo con hombres mediante la construcción de un módulo educativo. Para ello se caracterizaron las estrategias de prevención utilizadas por la Asociación Demográfica Costarricense en el marco del Proyecto VIH-CR para la población de hombres que tienen sexo con hombres, posteriormente se analizaron dichas estrategias de prevención desde una perspectiva de masculinidades con enfoque de género para una prevención efectiva. La metodología empleada fue la dialéctica correspondiente a Educación Popular que facilita la participación de la experiencia integrando los sentires siendo una de las negaciones centrales del aprendizaje sociocultural de la masculinidad cuando está influenciado por el sistema patriarcal. Con el fin de ampliar el alcance del módulo se confeccionó una página web (masculinidadesapelo.davidpaniagua.com) donde se puede descargar el módulo y también revisar todo el contenido de este, desde cualquier parte del mundo.It addresses learned masculinity and its impact on the sexual health of men who have sex with men through the construction of an educational module. For this purpose, the prevention strategies used by the Costa Rican Demographic Association within the framework of the HIV-CR Project for the population of men who have sex with men were characterized, and then these prevention strategies were analyzed from a perspective of masculinities with a gender approach for effective prevention. The methodology used was the dialectic corresponding to Popular Education that facilitates the participation of the experience integrating the feelings being one of the central negations of the sociocultural learning of masculinity when it is influenced by the patriarchal system. In order to broaden the scope of the module, a web page was created (masculinidadesapelo.davidpaniagua.com) where the module can be downloaded and all its content can be reviewed from anywhere in the world.Instituto de Estudios de la Mujer, Universidad NacionalInstituto de Estudios de la Muje

“De la mano contra el acoso sexual: diseño de un módulo psicoeducativo para la sensibilización y capacitación ante el hostigamiento sexual en el contexto educativo”

El presente proyecto tiene por objetivo construir un módulo psicoeducativo para la sensibilización y capacitación de personas multiplicadoras en la identificación, actuación y prevención del hostigamiento sexual, dirigido a profesionales en orientación y docencia de secundaria que laboran con el Ministerio de Educación Pública en la Gran Área Metropolitana. Como referente conceptual se retoman los principios de la Terapia Gestalt desde perspectiva de género, y la dialéctica de la Educación Popular fue el método elegido para llevar acabo esta novedosa propuesta de abordaje, que se divide en cuatro fases. En la primera fase diagnóstica con el fin de identificar las percepciones hacia el hostigamiento sexual, se realizó un grupo focal donde participaron ocho personas y un cuestionario que fue llenado por 73, en ambas técnicas de recolección participaron personas profesionales en docencia y orientación. Después del análisis y procesamiento de la información recolectada se obtiene la perspectiva estratégica sobre el abordaje del módulo y un perfil de entrada para la construcción de este. La segunda fase se orienta a la elaboración del módulo, tanto de las estrategias pedagógicas como del material didáctico a utilizar en las mismas. En la tercera fase se procede a validar el material a través de un proceso grupal con personas pertenecientes a la población meta, luego de sistematizar y analizar los resultados obtenidos se integran modificaciones al módulo. Finalmente, en la fase cuatro se difunden los resultados obtenidos con un grupo compuesto por personas profesionales en docencia de orientación y personas estudiantes de psicología de la Universidad Nacional, además se abordó el proyecto en el programa Sembrando de Radio La Gigante 800 am. Se evidencia la importancia de trabajar esta forma de violencia con personas profesionales en docencia y orientación, ya que son quienes conviven cotidianamente con la comunidad estudiantil. Resulta indispensable que el profesorado y los departamentos de orientación tengan claridad sobre los procedimientos y protocolos de actuación en situaciones de hostigamiento sexual, el presente módulo se convierte en una herramienta clave para promover espacios educativos libres de acoso sexual.The present project aims to build a psychoeducational module for the sensitization and training of multipliers in the identification, performance and prevention of sexual harassment, aimed at professionals in counseling and teaching secondary school that work with the Ministry of Public Education in the Greater Area Metropolitan. As a conceptual reference, the principles of Gestalt Therapy are retaken from a gender perspective, and the dialectic of Popular Education was the chosen method to carry out this novel approach proposal, which is divided into four phases. In the first diagnostic phase in order to identify the perceptions towards the sexual harassment, a focus group was held in which eight people participated and one questionnaire that was filled out by 73, in both collection techniques people participated professionals in teaching and guidance. After analysis and processing of the information collected is obtained the strategic perspective on the approach of the module and an entrance profile for the construction of this. The second phase is aimed at the development of the module, both of the strategies pedagogical as well as the didactic material to be used in them. In the third phase proceeds to validate the material through a group process with people belonging to the target population, after systematizing and analyzing the results obtained are integrated modifications to the module. Finally, in phase four, the results obtained are disseminated with a group made up of professional people in guidance teaching and people psychology students from the National University, the project was also addressed in the Sembrando program of Radio La Gigante 800 am. The importance of working this form of violence with people is evident professionals in teaching and guidance, since they are the ones who live daily with the student community. It is essential that teachers and departments of guidance are clear about the procedures and protocols for action in situations of sexual harassment, this module becomes a tool key to promoting educational spaces free of sexual harassment.Universidad Nacional, Costa RicaEscuela de Psicologí

Análisis de las creencias de los docentes en el desarrollo de su labor profesional

In this study we analyze Spanish teachers´ believes in Elementary, Middle and High School, applying the questionnaire CACPD (Questionnaire self-efficacy teachers´ believes), in the school course 2014-2015. The study show that the teachers´ believes evaluated efficiency in theirs competences depends on the kind, the educational stage, the ownership of the center and the matters. Not existing significant differences as for the years of experience. The study concludes that in the initial and continuous formation, we could be a work focuses on the development of leading teachers whose relation with the pupil will be of reciprocity, which they can put into practice his creative capacity, with an attitude raised towards the effort, motivation and perseverance in the adversity, with good pedagogic practice and that develop an individual teacher´s capacity of self-evaluation thinking over and self-regulation on their educational action, with metacognition, whose purpose is to improve his own educational action.En este estudio se analizan las creencias de autoeficacia de los y las docentes españoles y españolas, en el contexto de la Educación Primaria, Educación Secundaria Obligatoria (ESO) y Bachillerato, aplicando el cuestionario CACPD (Cuestionario de autoeficacia de las competencias profesionales del docente), en el curso escolar 2014-2015. Los resultados arrojan que las creencias sobre la propia eficacia docente, evaluada teniendo en cuenta las competencias docentes, depende del género, la etapa educativa, la titularidad del centro y las materias. No existiendo diferencias significativas en cuanto a los años de experiencia. El estudio concluye que en la formación inicial y continua del profesorado, sería posible llevar a cabo un trabajo centrado en el desarrollo de profesores líderes cuya relación con el alumno sea de reciprocidad, que sepan poner en práctica su capacidad creativa, con una actitud elevada hacia el esfuerzo, motivación y perseverancia en la adversidad, con buena práctica pedagógica y que desarrollen una capacidad de autoevaluación reflexionando y autorregulando su actuación docente, con mirada metacognitiva, cuya finalidad sea mejorar su propia actuación docente

Simultaneous GC-FID Quantification of Main Components of Rosmarinus officinalis L. and Lavandula dentata Essential Oils in Polymeric Nanocapsules for Antioxidant Application

The essential oils (EO) of R. officinalis and L. dentata have been widely used due to their antioxidant activity. However, due to their high volatility, the loading of EO into polymeric nanocapsules (NC) represents an efficient way of retaining their effect in future topical administration. In this way, the quantitative determination of EO incorporated into NC is necessary for simultaneous monitoring of the main components of the EO during the nanoencapsulation process as well as for precise and exact dosing of the components used during the performance of in vitro and in vivo biological tests. In this study, EO were isolated by hydrodistillation in a Clevenger-type apparatus and characterized by GC-MS and GC-FID analyses. The major constituents of EO-R. officinalis were camphor (39.46%) and 1,8-cineole (14.63%), and for EO-L. dentata were 1,8-cineole (68.59%) and β-pinene (11.53%). A new analytical method based on GC-FID for quantification of free and encapsulated EO was developed and validated according to ICH. Linearity, limit of detection and quantification, and intra- and interday precision parameters were determined. The methods were linear and precise for the quantification of the main components of EO. The EO were encapsulated by nanoprecipitation and were analyzed by the GC-FID method validated for their direct quantification. The NC size was 200 nm with homogeneous size distribution. The quantification of the incorporated EO within a NC is an important step in NC characterization. In this way, an encapsulation efficiency of at least 59.03% and 41.15% of total EO-R. officinalis and EO-L. dentata, respectively, was obtained. Simple, repeatable, and reproducible methods were developed as an analytical tool for the simultaneous quantification of the main components of EO loaded in polymeric nanocapsules as well as their monitoring in biological assays