Apuntes sobre el Proceso Museal. La exposición como archivo en proceso

Al comprender la museología como una disciplina que asume responsabilidades derivadas de su gestión de la memoria y de la representación se pone en evidencia la existencia de un fuerte vínculo entre museos, bibliotecas y archivos. Por otro lado, la especificidad del museo al transformar la cosa en musealia y generar una metarrealidad cultural, nos lleva a indagar los mecanismos a traves de los cuales los musealia nos convierten en observadores de segundo orden, capaces de mirarnos cuando observamos el acto museal en tanto que ejercicio ético de la memoria y el conocimiento. Estos apuntes presentan un estudio de caso consistente en un proyecto museológico sobre la milpa como patrimonio biocultural de México con el propósito de revisar sus condiciones de posibilidad y ponderar las consecuencias de este proceso museal concreto.On the one hand, understanding museology as a discipline that assumes responsibilities arising from its memory management and representation indicates a strong link between museums, libraries and archives. On the other hand, the specificity by which the museum transforms the thing into museum object and its capacity for generating a cultural meta-reality leads us to investigate how museum objects make us our own observers – how we look at ourselves watching the museum fact as an ethical exercise in memory and knowledge. These notes present a case study of a museum project on the milpa, a crop-growing system, as biocultural heritage of Mexico, to revise its possibilities and evaluate the consequences of this particular museum process

A Large Multicenter Prospective Study of Community-Onset Healthcare Associated Bacteremic Urinary Tract Infections in the Era of Multidrug Resistance: Even Worse than Hospital Acquired Infections?

Introduction: Healthcare-associated (HCA) infections represent a growing public health problem. The aim of this study was to compare community-onset healthcare associated (CO-HCA) bacteremic urinary tract infections (BUTI) and hospital-acquired (HA)-BUTI with special focus on multidrug resistances (MDR) and outcomes. Methods: ITUBRAS-project is a prospective multicenter cohort study of patients with HCA-BUTI. All consecutive hospitalized adult patients with CO-HCA-BUTI or HA-BUTI episode were included in the study. Exclusion criteria were: patients \ 18 years old, non-hospitalized patients, bacteremia from another source or primary bacteremia, non-healthcare related infections and infections caused by unusual pathogens of the urinary tract. Th main outcome variable was 30-day all-cause mortality with day 1 as the first day of positive blood culture. Logistic regression was used to analyze factors associated with clinical cure at hospital discharge and with receiving inappropriate initial antibiotic treatment. Cox regression was used to evaluate 30-day all-cause mortality. Results: Four hundred forty-three episodes were included, 223 CO-HCA-BUTI. Patients with CO-HCA-BUTI were older (p \ 0.001) and had more underlying diseases (p = 0.029) than those with HA-BUTI. The severity of the acute illness (Pitt score) was also higher in CO-HCABUTI (p = 0.026). Overall, a very high rate of MDR profiles (271/443, 61.2%) was observed, with no statistical differences between groups. In multivariable analysis, inadequate empirical treatment was associated with MDR profile (aOR 3.35; 95% CI 1.77?6.35), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (aOR 2.86; 95% CI 1.27?6.44) and Charlson index (aOR 1.11; 95% CI 1.01?1.23). Mortality was not associated with the site of acquisition of the infection or the presence of MDR profile. However, in the logistic regression analyses patients with CO-HCA-BUTI (aOR 0.61; 95% CI 0.40?0.93) were less likely to present clinical cure. Conclusion: The rate of MDR infections was worryingly high in our study. No differences in MDR rates were found between CO-HCA-BUTI and HA-BUTI, in the probability of receiving inappropriate empirical treatment or in 30-day mortality. However, CO-HCA-BUTIs were associated with worse clinical cure.Funding. This study and the journal’s Rapid Service Fee are sponsored and funded by MSD Spain. The study was also supported by Plan Nacional de I+D+i 2013–2016 and Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Subdirección General de Redes y Centros de Investigación Cooperativa, Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad, Spanish Network for Research in Infectious Diseases (REIPI RD16/0016/0004, RD16/ 0016/0005, RD16/0016/0007, RD16/0016/0010, RD16/0016/0011 and RD16/0016/0015), co-financed by the European Development Regional Fund ‘A way to achieve Europe’ (ERDF), Operative program Intelligent Growth 2014–2020

A Large Multicenter Prospective Study of Community-Onset Healthcare Associated Bacteremic Urinary Tract Infections in the Era of Multidrug Resistance: Even Worse than Hospital Acquired Infections?

Introduction: Healthcare-associated (HCA) infections represent a growing public health problem. The aim of this study was to compare community-onset healthcare associated (CO-HCA) bacteremic urinary tract infections (BUTI) and hospital-acquired (HA)-BUTI with special focus on multidrug resistances (MDR) and outcomes. Methods: ITUBRAS-project is a prospective multicenter cohort study of patients with HCA-BUTI. All consecutive hospitalized adult patients with CO-HCA-BUTI or HA-BUTI episode were included in the study. Exclusion criteria were: patients < 18 years old, non-hospitalized patients, bacteremia from another source or primary bacteremia, non-healthcare-related infections and infections caused by unusual pathogens of the urinary tract. The main outcome variable was 30-day all-cause mortality with day 1 as the first day of positive blood culture. Logistic regression was used to analyze factors associated with clinical cure at hospital discharge and with receiving inappropriate initial antibiotic treatment. Cox regression was used to evaluate 30-day all-cause mortality. Results: Four hundred forty-three episodes were included, 223 CO-HCA-BUTI. Patients with CO-HCA-BUTI were older (p < 0.001) and had more underlying diseases (p = 0.029) than those with HA-BUTI. The severity of the acute illness (Pitt score) was also higher in CO-HCA-BUTI (p = 0.026). Overall, a very high rate of MDR profiles (271/443, 61.2%) was observed, with no statistical differences between groups. In multivariable analysis, inadequate empirical treatment was associated with MDR profile (aOR 3.35; 95% CI 1.77–6.35), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (aOR 2.86; 95% CI 1.27–6.44) and Charlson index (aOR 1.11; 95% CI 1.01–1.23). Mortality was not associated with the site of acquisition of the infection or the presence of MDR profile. However, in the logistic regression analyses patients with CO-HCA-BUTI (aOR 0.61; 95% CI 0.40–0.93) were less likely to present clinical cure. Conclusion: The rate of MDR infections was worryingly high in our study. No differences in MDR rates were found between CO-HCA-BUTI and HA-BUTI, in the probability of receiving inappropriate empirical treatment or in 30-day mortality. However, CO-HCA-BUTIs were associated with worse clinical cure. © 2021, The Author(s)

Higher COVID-19 pneumonia risk associated with anti-IFN-α than with anti-IFN-ω auto-Abs in children

We found that 19 (10.4%) of 183 unvaccinated children hospitalized for COVID-19 pneumonia had autoantibodies (auto-Abs) neutralizing type I IFNs (IFN-alpha 2 in 10 patients: IFN-alpha 2 only in three, IFN-alpha 2 plus IFN-omega in five, and IFN-alpha 2, IFN-omega plus IFN-beta in two; IFN-omega only in nine patients). Seven children (3.8%) had Abs neutralizing at least 10 ng/ml of one IFN, whereas the other 12 (6.6%) had Abs neutralizing only 100 pg/ml. The auto-Abs neutralized both unglycosylated and glycosylated IFNs. We also detected auto-Abs neutralizing 100 pg/ml IFN-alpha 2 in 4 of 2,267 uninfected children (0.2%) and auto-Abs neutralizing IFN-omega in 45 children (2%). The odds ratios (ORs) for life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia were, therefore, higher for auto-Abs neutralizing IFN-alpha 2 only (OR [95% CI] = 67.6 [5.7-9,196.6]) than for auto-Abs neutralizing IFN-. only (OR [95% CI] = 2.6 [1.2-5.3]). ORs were also higher for auto-Abs neutralizing high concentrations (OR [95% CI] = 12.9 [4.6-35.9]) than for those neutralizing low concentrations (OR [95% CI] = 5.5 [3.1-9.6]) of IFN-omega and/or IFN-alpha 2

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality

Identification of regulatory variants associated with genetic susceptibility to meningococcal disease.

Non-coding genetic variants play an important role in driving susceptibility to complex diseases but their characterization remains challenging. Here, we employed a novel approach to interrogate the genetic risk of such polymorphisms in a more systematic way by targeting specific regulatory regions relevant for the phenotype studied. We applied this method to meningococcal disease susceptibility, using the DNA binding pattern of RELA - a NF-kB subunit, master regulator of the response to infection - under bacterial stimuli in nasopharyngeal epithelial cells. We designed a custom panel to cover these RELA binding sites and used it for targeted sequencing in cases and controls. Variant calling and association analysis were performed followed by validation of candidate polymorphisms by genotyping in three independent cohorts. We identified two new polymorphisms, rs4823231 and rs11913168, showing signs of association with meningococcal disease susceptibility. In addition, using our genomic data as well as publicly available resources, we found evidences for these SNPs to have potential regulatory effects on ATXN10 and LIF genes respectively. The variants and related candidate genes are relevant for infectious diseases and may have important contribution for meningococcal disease pathology. Finally, we described a novel genetic association approach that could be applied to other phenotypes

Plasma lipid profiles discriminate bacterial from viral infection in febrile children

Fever is the most common reason that children present to Emergency Departments. Clinical signs and symptoms suggestive of bacterial infection are often non-specific, and there is no definitive test for the accurate diagnosis of infection. The 'omics' approaches to identifying biomarkers from the host-response to bacterial infection are promising. In this study, lipidomic analysis was carried out with plasma samples obtained from febrile children with confirmed bacterial infection (n = 20) and confirmed viral infection (n = 20). We show for the first time that bacterial and viral infection produces distinct profile in the host lipidome. Some species of glycerophosphoinositol, sphingomyelin, lysophosphatidylcholine and cholesterol sulfate were higher in the confirmed virus infected group, while some species of fatty acids, glycerophosphocholine, glycerophosphoserine, lactosylceramide and bilirubin were lower in the confirmed virus infected group when compared with confirmed bacterial infected group. A combination of three lipids achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of 0.911 (95% CI 0.81 to 0.98). This pilot study demonstrates the potential of metabolic biomarkers to assist clinicians in distinguishing bacterial from viral infection in febrile children, to facilitate effective clinical management and to the limit inappropriate use of antibiotics

Outcomes from elective colorectal cancer surgery during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

This study aimed to describe the change in surgical practice and the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on mortality after surgical resection of colorectal cancer during the initial phases of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

Semilleros de Investigación 2013, n.° 28

"Unijus promueve y apoya el desarrollo e implementación de programas y proyectos de investigación que aporten al conocimiento de la realidad nacional e internacional, de las instituciones jurídicas, políticas y sociales, así como de las teorías jurídicas y políticas que contribuyan a la construcción de nuevas propuestas para la solución de las problemáticas que aquejan la sociedad. Por tal motivo, es fundamental el apoyo constante a la formación de semilleros de investigación en la Facultad de Derecho, Ciencias Políticas y Sociales de la Sede Bogotá, así como la consolidación de los semilleros ya existentes. En el año 2013, se desarrollaron las Convocatorias No. 01 y 02 de 2013 para la Selección de Semilleros de Investigación de la Facultad de Derecho, Ciencias Políticas y Sociales. Como resultado de dicho proceso fueron seleccionadas trece propuestas de investigación integradas por un total de 47 estudiantes, quienes a su vez se encontraban vinculados a 7 grupos de investigación.""Presentación Acercamiento a la reforma del Consejo de Seguridad de las Naciones Unidas: Una mirada a las propuestas de México, Argentina y Brasil Reflections on Legal Education: an Approach to the Escuela de Derecho Propio Laureano Inampués Cuatín Iliana Jineth Yepes Acuña, Simón Camilo Hernández Gaona, Paula Alejandra Poveda Cocuy, Francisco Javier Quito Córdoba, Sonia Catalina Villamizar Almeyda Grupo de investigación en Relaciones Internacionales y Asuntos Globales - RIAG Intervención en el Bronx: Análisis descriptivo de una apuesta alternativa en política pública de seguridad humana Intervention in the Bronx: Descriptive Analysis of an alternative bet on Public Policy and human security Ana María Tarazona Galvis, Carolina Cristancho Zarco, Andrés Felipe Espinosa Zuluaga, Fredy Hernando Caro y Sergio Iván González Machetá Grupo de Investigación en Seguridad y Defensa -GISDE Conflictos socioterritoriales en la región Andina Oriental de Colombia: una mirada al campesinado y a las formas contemporáneas de la lucha por la tierra y el territorio Socio-territorial Conflicts in the East Andes Region of Colombia: A glance at the Peasantry and Contemporary Ways of Struggle for Land and Territory Catherine Moore Torres, Julián Eduardo Naranjo Vasco Grupo Interdisciplinario de Estudios Políticos y Sociales - Theseus Territorios, resistencias y espacialidad en la geopolítica de la globalización Territory, Strength and Spatiality in the Geopolitics of Globalization Sindy Katherine Castro Herrera, Camila Andrea Galindo Martínez, Paula Andrea Ricaurte Ávila, Natalia Briceño Hernández, John Freddy Gómez Celi, Ángela Beatriz Torres Tamayo Grupo Interdisciplinario de Estudios Políticos y Sociales - Theseus Territorio y construcción de subjetividades en Bogotá. Transferencias entre lo rural y lo urbano en las localidades de Chapinero, Usme y Ciudad Bolívar Territory and construction of subjectivities in Bogotá. Transfers between the rural and the urban in the localities of Chapinero, Usme and Ciudad Bolívar Javier Alejandro Jiménez González, David Fernando Salamanca Paternina, Diana Paola López Bojacá Grupo de Investigación Presidencialismo y Participación Los jóvenes y la paz: la incógnita de La Habana Young People and Peace: the Unknown of Havana Sara Camila Arias Castañeda, Reina Alejandra Jiménez Díaz, Brahiam Fernando Quintana Martínez, Fernando Villada Agudelo Grupo de investigación Presidencialismo y Participación Análisis jurídico-crítico de la producción normativa en materia ambiental en el período 2003-2013 con énfasis en el Proyecto de reforma al Código Nacional de Recursos Naturales Renovables Legal-Critical Analysis of Legislation Production in Environmental Law in the Period of 2003-2013 with an Emphasis on the National Code of Renewable Natural Resources Diana Sofía Díaz Castro, Natalia Alejandra Rodríguez Vargas, Adriana María Guerrero Arias Grupo de Investigación en Derechos Colectivos y Ambientales - GIDCA Conflictividad ambiental por monocultivos de palma aceitera en Tibú, Norte de Santander Environmental Conflict for Oil Palm Plantations in Tibú, North of Santander José Agustín Labrador Forero, Carlos Eduardo Olaya Díaz Grupo de Investigación en Derechos Colectivos y Ambientales - GIDCA Campañas electorales: lo que se puede y lo que se debería comunicar Electoral Campaigns: what can be communicated and what should be communicated Daniela Alvarado Rincón, Freddy Leonardo González Araque y Augusto Federico Padilla Grupo de investigación Cultura Jurídico Política, Instituciones y Globalización Tratamiento jurídico-social de la obscenidad en Colombia: Aproximación desde la jurisprudencia de la Corte Constitucional Legal and social treatment of obscenity in Colombia: Approximation from the jurisprudence of the Constitutional Court Germán Darío Rodríguez González, Luisa Fernanda Ortiz Rodríguez, Diego Ricardo Cárdenas Nonsoque Grupo de investigación Cultura Jurídico Política, Instituciones y Globalización Mujeres indígenas y prácticas de justicia Indigenous Women and Practices of Justice Luisa María Ocaña Muñoz, Sibelys Katina Mejía Rodríguez, Viviana Patricia López Rubio, Damaris Alejandra Quintero Leyva Grupo de investigación Escuela de Justicia Comunitaria de la Universidad Nacional (EJCUN) Justicia en red: Caminando hacia el empoderamiento y la construcción de ciudadanía para Bogotá Justice in Network: towards the Empowerment and the Construction of Citizenship in Bogotá Alejandra Méndez Molano, Jenny Alejandra Tamayo Tamayo Grupo de investigación Escuela de Justicia Comunitaria de la Universidad Nacional (EJCUN) Reflexiones sobre la educación legal: Una aproximación a la Escuela de Derecho Propio Laureano Inampués Cuatín Reflections on Legal Education: an Approach to the Escuela de Derecho Propio Laureano Inampués Cuatín Krisly Tatiana Amaya Osorio, Juan Sebastián Urdaneta Forero, Miguel Ángel Salas Dorado Grupo de investigación Escuela de Justicia Comunitaria de la Universidad Nacional (EJCUN)

Semilleros de Investigación 2013

El Instituto Unidad de Investigaciones Jurídico-Sociales Gerardo Molina (Unijus) promueve y apoya el desarrollo e implementación de programas y proyectos de investigación que aporten al conocimiento de la realidad nacional e internacional, de las instituciones jurídicas, políticas y sociales, así como de las teorías jurídicas y políticas que contribuyan a la construcción de nuevas propuestas para la solución de las problemáticas que aquejan la sociedad. Por tal motivo, es fundamental el apoyo constante a la formación de semilleros de investigación en la Facultad de Derecho, Ciencias Políticas y Sociales de la Sede Bogotá, así como la consolidación de los semilleros ya existentes. En el año 2013, se desarrollaron las Convocatorias No. 01 y 02 de 2013 para la Selección de Semilleros de Investigación de la Facultad de Derecho, Ciencias Políticas y Sociales. Como resultado de dicho proceso fueron seleccionadas trece propuestas de investigación integradas por un total de 47 estudiantes, quienes a su vez se encontraban vinculados a 7 grupos de investigación. La presente publicación está compuesta por los artículos que resultaron de los proyectos aprobados. Grupo de investigación Relaciones Internacionales y Asuntos Globales Acercamiento a la reforma del Consejo de Seguridad de las Naciones Unidas: una mirada a las propuestas de México, Argentina y Brasil Busca identificar los factores por los cuales tres países latinoamericanos (Argentina, Brasil y México) —con características históricas similares, que comparten un origen medianamente común y que participan en los espacios de integración regional de la misma—, divergen en sus posiciones con respecto a la reforma del Consejo de Seguridad de la Organización de las Naciones Unidas (ONU). El semillero de investigación estuvo bajo la dirección del profesor Gustavo Adolfo Puyo