Enforcing Programming Guidelines with Region Types and Effects

We present in this paper a new type and effect system for Java which can be used to ensure adherence to guidelines for secure web programming. The system is based on the region and effect system by Beringer, Grabowski, and Hofmann. It improves upon it by being parametrized over an arbitrary guideline supplied in the form of a finite monoid or automaton and a type annotation or mockup code for external methods. Furthermore, we add a powerful type inference based on precise interprocedural analysis and provide an implementation in the Soot framework which has been tested on a number of benchmarks including large parts of the Stanford SecuriBench.Comment: long version of APLAS'17 pape

Neanderthal selective hunting of reindeer? The case study of Abri du Maras (south-eastern France)

Fieldwork was supported by the Regional Office of Archaeology Rhône-Alpes, the French Ministry of Culture and Communication and the Ardèche Department through several scientific programs. M.G.Chacon, F. Rivals and E. Allué research are funded by ‘CERCA Programme/Generalitat de Catalunya’. Thanks to Jean-Jacques Hublin, Annabell Reiner and Steven Steinbrenner from the Max Planck Institute (MPI-EVA) for analytical support (isotope analysis). We are grateful to the two anonymous reviewers for their constructive remarks on this manuscript. The English manuscript was edited by L. Byrne, an official translator and native English speaker.Peer reviewedPostprin

A Compiled Implementation of Strong Reduction

International audienceMotivated by applications to proof assistants based on dependent types, we develop and prove correct a strong reducer and β-equivalence checker for the λ-calculus with products, sums, and guarded fixpoints. Our approach is based on compilation to the bytecode of an abstract machine performing weak reductions on non-closed terms, derived with minimal modifications from the ZAM machine used in the Objective Caml bytecode interpreter, and complemented by a recursive "read back" procedure. An implementation in the Coq proof assistant demonstrates important speed-ups compared with the original interpreter-based implementation of strong reduction in Coq

Diverse responses of common vole (Microtus arvalis) populations to Late Glacial and Early Holocene climate changes – Evidence from ancient DNA

The harsh climatic conditions during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) period have been considered the cause of local extinctions and major faunal reorganizations that took place at the end of the Pleistocene. Recent studies have shown, however, that in addition many of these ecological events were associated with abrupt climate changes during the so-called Late Glacial and the Pleistocene/Holocene transition. Here we used ancient DNA to investigate the impact of those changes on European populations of temperate vole species (Microtus arvalis). The genetic diversity of modern populations and the fossil record suggests that the species may have survived cold episodes, like LGM, not only in the traditional Mediterranean glacial refugia but also at higher latitudes in cryptic northern refugia located in Central France, the northern Alps as well as the Carpathians. However, the details of the post-glacial recolonization and the impact of the Late Glacial and Early Holocene climate changes on the evolutionary history of the common vole remains unclear. To address this issue, we analysed mtDNA cytochrome b sequences from more than one hundred common vole specimens from 36 paleontological and archaeological sites scattered across Europe. Our data suggest that populations from the European mid- and high latitudes suffered a local population extinction and contraction as a result of Late Glacial and Early Holocene climate and environmental changes. The recolonization of earlier abandoned areas took place in the Mid- to Late Holocene. In contrast, at low latitudes, in Northern Spain there was a continuity of common vole populations. This indicates different responses of common vole populations to climate and environmental changes across Europe and corroborates the hypothesis that abrupt changes, like those associated with Younger Dryas and the Pleistocene/Holocene transition, had a significant impact on populations at the mid- and high latitudes of Europe

Neanderthal behaviour, diet, and disease inferred from ancient DNA in dental calculus

Recent genomic data have revealed multiple interactions between Neanderthals and modern humans, but there is currently little genetic evidence regarding Neanderthal behaviour, diet, or disease. Here we describe the shotgun-sequencing of ancient DNA from five specimens of Neanderthal calcified dental plaque (calculus) and the characterization of regional differences in Neanderthal ecology. At Spy cave, Belgium, Neanderthal diet was heavily meat based and included woolly rhinoceros and wild sheep (mouflon), characteristic of a steppe environment. In contrast, no meat was detected in the diet of Neanderthals from El Sidrón cave, Spain, and dietary components of mushrooms, pine nuts, and moss reflected forest gathering. Differences in diet were also linked to an overall shift in the oral bacterial community (microbiota) and suggested that meat consumption contributed to substantial variation within Neanderthal microbiota. Evidence for self-medication was detected in an El Sidrón Neanderthal with a dental abscess and a chronic gastrointestinal pathogen (Enterocytozoon bieneusi). Metagenomic data from this individual also contained a nearly complete genome of the archaeal commensal Methanobrevibacter oralis (10.2× depth of coverage)-the oldest draft microbial genome generated to date, at around 48,000 years old. DNA preserved within dental calculus represents a notable source of information about the behaviour and health of ancient hominin specimens, as well as a unique system that is useful for the study of long-term microbial evolution

MOBIUS: Mobility, Ubiquity, Security

Contains fulltext : 34517.pdf (author's version ) (Open Access

La grotte des Cèdres, commune du Plan d'Aups (Var)

ABSTRACT Work was undertaken in February 1987 on a small stratigraphie sample left by excavations carried out 35 years earlier. It led to the discovery of a fairly large amount of archaeological material. Examination of the lithic industry has enabled this new series to be attributed to the Mousterian period. Palaeonto- logical analysis has confirmed the presence of Hemitragus. A new date can now be proposed for this site, as most of its infill can be considered as belonging to the end of the Middle Pleistocene era.RESUME Les travaux entrepris en février 1987, sur un petit témoin stratigraphique ménagé par les fouilles réalisées 35 ans auparavant, ont permis la mise au jour d'un matériel archéologique assez abondant. L'étude de l'industrie lithique permet de rattacher cette nouvelle série au Moustérien, alors que l'analyse paléontologique permet de confirmer la présence ď Hemitragus et de proposer une nouvelle datation du gisement en attribuant la majeure partie de son remplissage à la fin du Pleistocene moyen.Defleur A., Crégut-Bonnoure Evelyne, Radulescu C., Villette P. La grotte des Cèdres, commune du Plan d'Aups (Var). In: Bulletin de la Société préhistorique française, tome 87, n°9, 1990. pp. 270-274

Excitonic spin relaxation in GaN

By performing non-degenerate pump-probe experiments, we study the relaxation dynamics of spin-polarized A and B excitons in wurtzite epitaxial GaN. We show that the spin relaxation of the exciton as a whole is negligible with regard to the spin relaxation of the individual carriers. We determined $T_{e} = 15$ ps for the electron in the conduction band, $T_{hh} = 5$ ps, and $T_{lh} = 1.5$ ps for the heavy hole (HH) and for the light hole (LH), respectively. The quite long HH relaxation time can be related to the band structure in which the degeneracy between different spin-valence bands is lifted

Caractérisation temporelle et spectrale de la photoluminescence de boîtes quantiques de CdZnTe

Nous étudions la relaxation des paires électron-trou dans des échantillons de boîtes quantiques auto-assemblées de CdZnTe riches en cadmium incluses dans un puits quantique riche en zinc. Dans ce type de système, le couplage électron-phonon LO est le principal mécanisme responsable de la relaxation d'énergie des porteurs. Nous mesurons cette relaxation par photoluminescence résolue en temps, en fonction de l'intensité et de l'énergie de photon de l'excitation