3,177 research outputs found
(Di)lepton physics with ALICE
Physics perspectives with(di)lepton measurements with the ALICE detector at
the LHC are reviewed. Special emphasis is placed on heavy flavor physics.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure, 18th International Conference on Ultrarelativistic
Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions : Quark Matter 2005, Budapest, Hongrie, Ao\^{u}t
2005, submitted to Nuclear Physic
‘If the gas runs out, we are not going to sleep hungry’: Exploring household energy choices in India’s critically polluted coal belt
Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). Despite a range of initiatives to introduce cleaner fuels, a large proportion of poor people in India continue to rely on solid fuels for cooking and heating, with severe implications for personal and family health. This paper seeks to open up the various fuel-supply strategies that underpin domestic energy use in low-income settings to explain the unconventional solutions (jugaad) that households employ to bridge the gap between energy needs and supply of various fuels, including liquefied petroleum gas. We draw on long-term ethnographic engagements in four severely polluted low-income urban settlements in central India’s coal belt to investigate how communities, and primarily women, ensure domestic energy provision. As households struggle to secure a range of potential fuels with different benefits and drawbacks, we outline the socio-cultural and economic processes that shape household energy decision-making. These highly uncertain processes take place within an institutional structure that offers some possibilities, but is overall too rigid to fit the lived realties of low-income residents. Although households commonly understand that there are negative health effects from solid-fuel smoke, pollution and health are only marginal considerations for households facing daily struggles to reduce expenses. We argue that understanding the everyday jugaad of household energy provision is crucial for the possibilities to shift away from fuels damaging to both human health and the environment
Suicide methods in Europe: a gender-specific analysis of countries participating in the "European Alliance Against Depression"
Objective: To identify the most frequent gener-specific suicide methods in Europe.
Design: Proportions of seven predominant suicide methods utilised in 16 countries participating in the European Alliance Against Depression (EAAD)were reported in total and cross-nationally. Relative risk (RR)relating to suicide methods and gender was calculated. To group countries by pattern of suicide methods, hierarchical clustering was applied.
Setting and participants: Data on suicide methods for 119 122 male and 41 338 female cases in 2000-4/5 from 16 EAAD countries, covering 52% of European population were obtained.
Results: Hanging was the most prevalent suicide method among both males (54.3%) and females (35.6%). For males, hanging was followed by firearms (9.7%) and poisoning by drugs (8.6%); for females, by poisoning by drugs (24.7%)and jumping from a high place (14.5%). Only in Switzerland did hanging rank as second for males after firearms. Hanging ranked first among females in eight countries, poisoning by drugs in five and jumping from a high place in three. In all countries, males had a higher risk than females of using firearms and hanging and a lower risk of poisoning by drugs, drowning and jumping. Grouping showed that countries might be divided into five main groups among males; for females, grouping did not yield clear results.
Conclusions: Research on suicide methods could lead to the development of gender-specific intervention strategies. Nevertheless, other approaches, such as better identification and treatment of mental disorders and the improvement of toxicological aid should be put in place
Sodium piperidine-1-carbodithioate dihydrate
The asymmetric unit of the title compound, Na+·C6H10NS2
−·2H2O, is composed of a sodium cation, a piperidinedithiocarbamate anion which exhibits positional disorder, and two lattice water molecules. The atoms of the piperidine ring are divided over two sites with occupancy factors of 0.554 (6) and 0.446 (6). In the crystal, the sodium cation (coordination number of 6) and the piperidinedithiocarbamate anion are linked, forming an infinite two-dimensional network extending parallel to (001). O—H⋯S hydrogen bonds, involving the lattice water molecules, also aid in stabilizing the crystal sructure
Protect the natives to combat the aliens: Could octopus vulgaris cuvier, 1797 be a natural agent for the control of the lionfish invasion in the mediterranean sea?
[No abstract available
Azimuthal Correlations in the Target Fragmentation Region of High Energy Nuclear Collisions
Results on the target mass dependence of proton and pion pseudorapidity
distributions and of their azimuthal correlations in the target rapidity range
are presented. The data have been taken with the
Plastic-Ball detector set-up for 4.9 GeV p + Au collisions at the Berkeley
BEVALAC and for 200 GeV/ p-, O-, and S-induced reactions on
different nuclei at the CERN-SPS. The yield of protons at backward rapidities
is found to be proportional to the target mass. Although protons show a typical
``back-to-back'' correlations, a ``side-by-side'' correlation is observed for
positive pions, which increases both with target mass and with impact parameter
of a collision. The data can consistently be described by assuming strong
rescattering phenomena including pion absorption effects in the entire excited
target nucleus.Comment: 7 pages, figures included, complete postscript available at
ftp://qgp.uni-muenster.de/pub/paper/azi-correlations.ps submitted to Phys.
Lett.
The ALICE TPC, a large 3-dimensional tracking device with fast readout for ultra-high multiplicity events
The design, construction, and commissioning of the ALICE Time-Projection
Chamber (TPC) is described. It is the main device for pattern recognition,
tracking, and identification of charged particles in the ALICE experiment at
the CERN LHC. The TPC is cylindrical in shape with a volume close to 90 m^3 and
is operated in a 0.5 T solenoidal magnetic field parallel to its axis.
In this paper we describe in detail the design considerations for this
detector for operation in the extreme multiplicity environment of central
Pb--Pb collisions at LHC energy. The implementation of the resulting
requirements into hardware (field cage, read-out chambers, electronics),
infrastructure (gas and cooling system, laser-calibration system), and software
led to many technical innovations which are described along with a presentation
of all the major components of the detector, as currently realized. We also
report on the performance achieved after completion of the first round of
stand-alone calibration runs and demonstrate results close to those specified
in the TPC Technical Design Report.Comment: 55 pages, 82 figure
Interferometry of Direct Photons in Central 280Pb+208Pb Collisions at 158A GeV
Two-particle correlations of direct photons were measured in central
208Pb+208Pb collisions at 158 AGeV. The invariant interferometric radii were
extracted for 100<K_T<300 MeV/c and compared to radii extracted from charged
pion correlations. The yield of soft direct photons, K_T<300 MeV/c, was
extracted from the correlation strength and compared to theoretical
calculations.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
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