Lactancia materna en el lactante enfermo con labio leporino y fisura palatina

El labio leporino y fisura palatina son malformaciones congénitas que afectan a la estructura maxilofacial, cuya incidencia estimada es de 1 por cada 700 nacidos vivos. Factores genéticos y medioambientales podrían intervenir en la aparición de estos defectos. Entre ellos la edad avanzada de los padres, la obesidad materna, infecciones durante el embarazo y el consumo del tabaco. Estos recién nacidos necesitan ser intervenidos quirúrgicamente, pero para ello deben estar bien alimentados. Una de las principales dificultades que presentan estos recién nacidos es la de ser alimentados directamente del pecho con lactancia materna. Se ha llevado a cabo esta investigación a través de una revisión bibliográfica y consulta a expertos, con el objetivo de fomentar y concienciar a las madres de los beneficios que aporta la lactancia materna a sus hijos y conseguir que se de lactancia materna con mayor éxito. Actualmente está muy fomentada la lactancia materna y cada vez son más las madres que optan por este tipo de alimentación. Existen grupos de apoyo de lactancia materna, que ayudan a promover, promocionar y fomentar la lactancia materna. Se ha llegado a la conclusión con esta investigación de que la lactancia materna tiene muchos beneficios para los recién nacidos tanto sanos como enfermos, y en el caso de estos lactantes protege de la otitis media recurrente, algo muy frecuente en estos recién nacidos. Es importante desarrollar protocolos clínicos para gestionar los problemas que pueden afectar el éxito de la lactancia.OtroGrado en Enfermerí

REVISIÓN DE LA INVESTIGACIÓN SOBRE EDUCACIÓN INTERCULTURAL Y RENDIMIENTO ACADÉMICO DE ESTUDIANTES LATINOMAERICANOS EN ESPAÑA

La educación intercultural ha sido un área prioritaria de investigación en España los últimos 20 años. En este trabajo se presenta un análisis de los hallazgos durante este periodo, después de analizar las publicaciones sobre inmigración y escuela. Los resultados muestran una investigación genérica, y más centrada en modelos y políticas de educación intercultural que en procesos y resultados educativos. Sin embargo, se concluye que los estudiantes latinoamericanos están superando dificultades y ascendiendo en el sistema educativo hacia otros niveles no obligatorios de enseñanza. A la vez, se desprenden necesidades de estudios comparativos y sobre la segunda generación

A catabogne on tite benthic marine flora of ida Tina Menor and Pechon’s coast (Cantabria, Spain)

FERNÁNDEZ-MONTERO, L.; PÉREZ-RUZAFA, 1. M.; CUBERO, 1. & GALLARDO, T., 1997. Catálogo de la flora bentónica marina de la Ría lina Menor y costa de Pechón (Cantabria)- Bot Cotnplutensis 22: 83-100. Los muestreos efectuados en la Ría lina Menor y costa de Peehón durante el otoño e invmerno de 1995 y la primavera, verano y otoño de 1996 han dado como resultado un catálogo de 202 especies (4 Cyanophyceae, 127 Rhodophyceae, 39 Phaeopltvceae. 1 Chlorophyceae, 18 Ulvophyceae, 6 Cladophorophyceae, 6 Bryopsidophyceae, y 1 Magnoliophyta). El número total de nuevas citas para las costas de Cantabria es de 87.FERNÁNDEZ-MONTERO, L.; PÉREZ-RUZAFA, 1. M.~ CUBERO, 1. & GAlLARDO, 1., 1997. A catalogue on the benthic marine flora of Ría Tina Menor and Pechón's eoast (Cantabria, Spain). Rbi. Complutensis 22: 83-100. Samples, done in Ría Tina Menor and Pechón's coast (Cantabria, Spain) during the aututu aud winterot 1995 andthe spring, summer and autum of 1996, sho'w a 11sf of 202 species (4 Cyanophyceae, 127 Rhodophyceae, 39 Phaeophyceae, 1 Chlorophyceae, ¡8 UIvophyceae, 6 Cladophorophyceae, 6 Brvopsidophyceac, and 1 Magnolioplmvta). Ihe number ol new records for Cantabria is 87

Epidemiologia dos pacientes admitidos com epistaxe pela Otorrinolaringologia. Hospital Carlos Manuel de Céspedes. 2013-2019

Introducción: la epistaxis es conocida desde la antigüedad. Es cuadro de gran relevancia en el ámbito ORL, siendo una de las urgencias más frecuentes de nuestra especialidad. Su etiología se presume multifactorial y clásicamente se ha dividido en local y sistémica, aunque en algunos casos no encontramos causa, denominándose epistaxis esencial o idiopática. Sin embargo, los datos epidemiológicos de los que disponemos en nuestro país y en nuestra provincia son escasos.Objetivo: describir las características epidemiológicas de pacientes ingresados con epistaxis y factores que se asocian con su aparición.Métodos: se realizó un estudio retrospectivo sobre los ingresos por epistaxis en el servicio de Otorrinolaringología del Hospital Carlos Manuel de Céspedes en el período de enero 2013 y diciembre 2019. Se analizó la distribución por sexo, edad, etiología y comorbilidad.Resultados: se valoraron 27 ingresos por epistaxis. El 55,56 % fueron hombres frente al 44,44 % de mujeres. En 48,15 % de los casos la epistaxis se asoció a Hipertensión arterial. El 74,07 % de los pacientes no requirieron nuevo taponamiento.Conclusiones: el patrón típico del paciente ingresado por epistaxis y con taponamiento anteroposterior, es preferiblemente varón que presenta alguna comorbilidad asociada que generalmente es Hipertensión arterial.Introduction: epistaxis has been known since ancient times. It is a highly relevant condition in the ENT field, being one of the most frequent emergencies in our specialty. Its etiology is presumed multifactorial and has classically been divided into local and systemic, although in some cases we found no cause, calling it essential or idiopathic epistaxis. However, the epidemiological data that we have in our country and in our province are scarce.Objective: to describe the epidemiological characteristics of patients admitted with epistaxis and factors associated with its appearance.Methods: a retrospective study was carried out on admissions for epistaxis in the Otorhinolaryngology service of the Carlos Manuel de Céspedes Hospital in the period of January 2013 and December 2019. The distribution by sex, age, etiology and comorbidity was analyzed.Results: 27 admissions for epistaxis were assessed. 55.56% were men compared to 44.44% of women. In 48.15% of the cases, epistaxis was associated with arterial hypertension. 74.07% of the patients did not require new tamponade.Conclusions: the typical pattern of the patient admitted for epistaxis and with anteroposterior tamponade, is preferably male who presents some associated comorbidity, which is generally arterial hypertension.Introdução: a epistaxe é conhecida desde a antiguidade. É uma condição de grande relevância na área de Otorrinolaringologia, sendo uma das emergências mais frequentes em nossa especialidade. Sua etiologia é presumida multifatorial e classicamente dividida em local e sistêmica, embora em alguns casos não tenhamos encontrado causa, denominando-a epistaxe essencial ou idiopática. No entanto, os dados epidemiológicos que temos em nosso país e em nossa província são escassos. Objetivo: descrever as características epidemiológicas dos pacientes admitidos com epistaxe e os fatores associados ao seu aparecimento.Métodos: foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo das internações por epistaxe no Serviço de Otorrinolaringologia do Hospital Carlos Manuel de Céspedes no período de janeiro de 2013 a dezembro de 2019. Foi analisada a distribuição por sexo, idade, etiologia e comorbidade.Resultados: foram avaliadas 27 internações por epistaxe. 55,56% eram homens contra 44,44% das mulheres. Em 48,15% dos casos, a epistaxe esteve associada à hipertensão arterial. 74,07% dos pacientes não necessitaram de novo tamponamento. Conclusões: o padrão típico do paciente admitido por epistaxe e com tamponamento ântero-posterior, é preferencialmente do sexo masculino e apresenta alguma comorbidade associada, geralmente hipertensão arterial

Frequency and prognostic impact of blood-circulating tumor mast cells in mastocytosis

Circulating tumor mast cells (CTMCs) have been identified in the blood of a small number of patients with advanced systemic mastocytosis (SM). However, data are limited about their frequency and prognostic impact in patients with MC activation syndrome (MCAS), cutaneous mastocytosis (CM) and nonadvanced SM. We investigated the presence of CTMCs and MC-committed CD34+ precursors in the blood of 214 patients with MCAS, CM, or SM using highly sensitive next-generation flow cytometry. CTMCs were detected at progressively lower counts in almost all patients with advanced SM (96%) and smoldering SM (SSM; 100%), nearly half of the patients (45%) with indolent SM (ISM), and a few patients (7%) with bone marrow (BM) mastocytosis but were systematically absent in patients with CM and MCAS (P < .0001). In contrast to CTMC counts, the number of MC-committed CD34+ precursors progressively decreased from MCAS, CM, and BM mastocytosis to ISM, SSM, and advanced SM (P < .0001). Clinically, the presence (and number) of CTMCs in blood of patients with SM in general and nonadvanced SM (ISM and BM mastocytosis) in particular was associated with more adverse features of the disease, poorer-risk prognostic subgroups as defined by the International Prognostic Scoring System for advanced SM (P < .0001) and the Global Prognostic Score for mastocytosis (P < .0001), and a significantly shortened progression-free survival (P < .0001) and overall survival (P = .01). On the basis of our results, CTMCs emerge as a novel candidate biomarker of disseminated disease in SM that is strongly associated with advanced SM and poorer prognosis in patients with ISM

Visual and optical quality of enhanced intermediate monofocal versus standard monofocal intraocular lens

Purpose: Intraocular lens designs are constantly evolving, trying to obtain more spectacle independence after cataract surgery. This advantage can be linked to some disadvantages, such as optical quality decrease. For that reason, it is important to assess, not only the amount of vision provided but also the quality of vision once they are implanted. The purpose of the present work was to compare the visual performance between two monofocal intraocular models: a standard model and a monofocal with enhanced intermediate vision lens. Methods: Prospective, randomized, comparative study. Sixty adult subjects scheduled to undergo bilateral cataract surgery and IOL implantation were randomized to receive one of the two IOLs in both eyes at Miranza IOA, Madrid, Spain (group A: monofocal with enhanced intermediate vision lens and group B: standard monofocal lens). Monocular outcomes (right eyes) determined 1 and 3 months postoperatively were photopic corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), perceived halo, corrected intermediate-distance contrast sensitivity, and higher-order aberrations. The impact of the new IOL in the postoperative management with autorefraction devices was also evaluated. Results: No differences were found in CDVA between the two groups. Significant differences were detected between the two lenses evaluated in both total HOA (p = 0.028) and internal HOA (p = 0.037). Contrast sensitivity and halometry results obtained at 1 month were similar across the two IOL groups. Conclusion: In patients undergoing cataract surgery, monofocal with enhanced intermediate vision IOL offered similar distance performance and contrast sensitivity along with perceived HOA and halos compared with the standard monofocal IOLs tested

Controlled trial of balance training using a video game console in community-dwelling older adults

gamification is a potentially attractive option for improving balance and reducing falls. to assess the effect of balance training using the NintendoTM Wii game console on balance (primary outcome), falls and fear of falling. quasi-randomised, open-label, controlled clinical trial in parallel groups, carried out on community-dwelling patients over 70 years, able to walk independently. Participants were assigned 1:1 to the intervention or control group. Balance training was conducted using the Nintendo WiiFit TM twice a week for 3 months. Balance was assessed using the Tinetti balance test (primary outcome), the unipedal stance and the Wii balance tests at baseline, 3 months and 1 year. Falls were recorded and Fear of falling was assessed by the Falls Efficacy Scale (Short-FES-I). 1,016 subjects were recruited (508 in both the intervention and the control group; of whom 274 and 356 respectively completed the 3-month assessment). There was no between-group difference in the Tinetti balance test score, with a baseline mean of 14.7 (SD 1.8) in both groups, and 15.2 (1.3) at 3 months in the intervention group compared to 15.3 (1.7) in controls; the between-group difference was 0.06 (95% CI 0.30-0.41). No differences were seen in any of the other balance tests, or in incident falls. There was a reduction in the fear of falling at 3 months, but no effect at 1 year. the study found no effect of balance training using the Nintendo TM Wii on balance or falls in older community-dwelling patients. The study protocol is available at clinicaltrials.gov under the code NCT02570178

The zCOSMOS 10k-Bright Spectroscopic Sample

We present spectroscopic redshifts of a large sample of galaxies with I_(AB) < 22.5 in the COSMOS field, measured from spectra of 10,644 objects that have been obtained in the first two years of observations in the zCOSMOS-bright redshift survey. These include a statistically complete subset of 10,109 objects. The average accuracy of individual redshifts is 110 km s^(–1), independent of redshift. The reliability of individual redshifts is described by a Confidence Class that has been empirically calibrated through repeat spectroscopic observations of over 600 galaxies. There is very good agreement between spectroscopic and photometric redshifts for the most secure Confidence Classes. For the less secure Confidence Classes, there is a good correspondence between the fraction of objects with a consistent photometric redshift and the spectroscopic repeatability, suggesting that the photometric redshifts can be used to indicate which of the less secure spectroscopic redshifts are likely right and which are probably wrong, and to give an indication of the nature of objects for which we failed to determine a redshift. Using this approach, we can construct a spectroscopic sample that is 99% reliable and which is 88% complete in the sample as a whole, and 95% complete in the redshift range 0.5 < z < 0.8. The luminosity and mass completeness levels of the zCOSMOS-bright sample of galaxies is also discussed

Intranasal Administration of Undifferentiated Oligodendrocyte Lineage Cells as a Potential Approach to Deliver Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells into Brain

Oligodendrocyte precursor cell (OPC) migration is a mechanism involved in remyelination; these cells migrate from niches in the adult CNS. However, age and disease reduce the pool of OPCs; as a result, the remyelination capacity of the CNS decreases over time. Several experimental studies have introduced OPCs to the brain via direct injection or intrathecal administration. In this study, we used the nose-to brain pathway to deliver oligodendrocyte lineage cells (human oligodendroglioma (HOG) cells), which behave similarly to OPCs in vitro. To this end, we administered GFP-labelled HOG cells intranasally to experimental animals, which were subsequently euthanised at 30 or 60 days. Our results show that the intranasal route is a viable route to the CNS and that HOG cells administered intranasally migrate preferentially to niches of OPCs (clusters created during embryonic development and adult life). Our study provides evidence, albeit limited, that HOG cells either form clusters or adhere to clusters of OPCs in the brains of experimental animals

Mass and environment as drivers of galaxy evolution in SDSS and zCOSMOS and the origin of the Schechter function

We explore the inter-relationships between mass, star-formation rate and environment in the SDSS, zCOSMOS and other surveys. The differential effects of mass and environment are completely separable to z ~ 1, indicating that two distinct processes are operating, "mass-quenching" and "environment-quenching". Environment-quenching, at fixed over-density, evidently does not change with epoch to z ~ 1, suggesting that it occurs as large-scale structure develops in the Universe. The observed constancy of the mass-function shape for star-forming galaxies, demands that the mass-quenching of galaxies around and above M*, must be proportional to their star-formation rates at all z < 2. We postulate that this simple mass-quenching law also holds over a much broader range of stellar mass and epoch. These two simple quenching processes, plus some additional quenching due to merging, then naturally produce (a) a quasi-static Schechter mass function for star-forming galaxies with a value of M* that is set by the proportionality between the star-formation and mass-quenching rates, (b) a double Schechter function for passive galaxies with two components: the dominant one is produced by mass-quenching and has exactly the same M* as the star-forming galaxies but an alpha shallower by +1, while the other is produced by environment effects and has the same M* and alpha as the star-forming galaxies, and is larger in high density environments. Subsequent merging of quenched galaxies modifies these predictions somewhat in the denser environments, slightly increasing M* and making alpha more negative. All of these detailed quantitative relationships between the Schechter parameters are indeed seen in the SDSS, lending strong support to our simple empirically-based model. The model naturally produces for passive galaxies the "anti-hierarchical" run of mean ages and alpha-element abundances with mass.Comment: 66 pages, 19 figures, 1 movie, accepted for publication in ApJ. The movie is also available at http://www.exp-astro.phys.ethz.ch/zCOSMOS/MF_simulation_d1_d4.mo