Intervención directa mediante biofeedback, para cambiar las conductas de desanimo de un portero de fútbol

El objetivo de este trabajo es describir una intervención, que buscaba modificar el comportamiento de un portero en relación con los errores que cometía, pues tras recibir un gol, se desanimaba y no dejaba de centrarse en el error cometido. Esta atención en el error cometido le hacía tardar de volver a tener un comportamiento adecuado para cumplir su función en el juego. Esta intervención se realizó mediante biofeedback, técnicas de control emocional y técnicas para el manejo de la atención y la concentración. Dado que es una intervención sobre un portero de 18 años de fútbol once, solicitada por el entrenador, se utilizó un estudio de caso único. De acuerdo con los resultados descriptivos se encontró una mejoría en la atención y concentración ya que hubo una cercanía a los 5 μv en ondas beta y hubo un incremento en la puntuación directa de concentración en los datos de la prueba Toulouse-Piéron. También se encontró una mejora del control emocional, mediante biofeedback, ya que hubo un incremento en la respuesta galvánica de la piel. Por último, también se registró un cambio en las conductas del portero tras los errores, ya que hubo una disminución de las conductas de desánimo y un aumento de las conductas adecuadas.The aim of this work is to describe an intervention which sought to modify the behavior of a goalkeeper in relation to the errors he committed, after receiving a goal, he became disheartened, and could not stop concentrating on the error committed. This attention paid to the error committed delayed a return to having adequate behavior in order to fulfil his function in the game. This intervention was carried out through biofeedback, techniques of emotional control and techniques to manage attention and concentration. Given that the intervention was carried out on an eighteen year old goalkeeper, at the request of the trainer, a study of a unique case was used. In accordance with the descriptive results, an improvement in attention and concentration was found as there was a proximity to 5 μv on beta waves and there was an increase in direct punctuation of concentration in the data of the Toulouse-Piéron test. An improvement in emotional control was also found through biofeedback, as there was an increase in the stimulating response to skin. Finally, a change in the goalkeeper's conduct after the errors was registered, as there was a decrease in the discouraging conducts and an increase in the adequate conducts.O objetivo do estudo foi realizar uma intervenção de modificação de comportamentos de um atleta (guarda redes) após este cometer erros ou sofrer golos. Depois de sofrer um golo, o atleta desmotivava e continuava focado no eventual erro. Esta manutenção do foco atencional no erro fazia com que este tardasse em ter um comportamento adequado à sua função no jogo. Esta intervenção foi realizada utilizando técnicas de biofeedback, técnicas de gestão emocional e técnicas de controlo da atenção e concentração. Dado que se tratou de uma intervenção solicitada pelo treinador, sobre um único atleta de 18 anos, praticante de futebol onze, foi utilizada uma metodologia de caso único. De acordo com os resultados descritos, foi encontrada uma melhoria na atenção e na concentração, verificada através da melhoria de 5 µv nas ondas beta e no aumento da pontuação direta da prova Toulose-Pieron. Também foi registada uma melhoria no controlo emocional através de biofeedback com um aumento dos valores da resposta galvânica da pele. Por fim também foram registadas alterações no comportamento após erro, uma vez que diminuíram os comportamentos de desmotivação e aumentaram os comportamentos adequados

La diversidad cultural como derecho fundamental de los pueblos indígenas

 En este ensayo analizamos la diversidad cultural en Venezuela y su desarrollo como derecho fundamental para los pueblos indígenas. El reconocimiento en la Constitución de 1999 de Venezuela como una sociedad multiétnica y pluricultural constituye un avance significativo, dada la importancia y las características de los pueblos indígenas para quienes es necesario crear garantías que permitan su desarrollo como pueblos con especificidad cultural, pues cada pueblo indígena posee una identidad, lengua, costumbres, historia y unos valores propios, que se ejercen como el derecho humano a la cultura. La multiculturalidad implica el reconocimiento de varias culturas en un mismo territorio, por lo tanto el derecho a la cultura debe ser con¬cebido como derecho que permite ejercer libertades individuales que determina un derecho de la colectividad a constituirse por si misma en convivencia con las otras. Por ello, la imposición de figuras exter¬nas a la propia organización indígena como los consejos comunales en el caso venezolano, vulneran el derecho a la cultura propia, situa¬ción que los pone en desventaja. Por ello es necesario que los pueblos indígenas gocen del derecho a la libre determinación que les permita desarrollar su condición política, económica, social y cultural.  The importance of this documentary research, lies in the analysis of cultural diversity in Venezuela and its development as a fundamental right for indigenous peoples. For the Venezuelan State constitutes a significant advance in the 1999 Constitution, his renown as a multiethnic and multicultural society, given the importance and characteristics of indigenous peoples is necessary to create guaran­tees for their development as peoples with cultural specificity, as each indigenous community has an identity, language, customs, history and values , this translates into the human right to culture. Multicul­turalism implies recognition of various cultures in the same territory, therefore the right to culture should be conceived as rights entitling to exercise individual liberties which determines a right of the public to constitute itself. However, in the case of Venezuela’s indigenous peo­ples externally imposed the indigenous organization itself as the com­munal councils, among others, figures violate the right to their own culture, a situation that puts them at a disadvantage, so it is necessary that indigenous peoples have the right to self-determination enabling them to develop their political, economic, social and cultural status.

Understanding illnesses through a film festival: an observational study

Audio-visual materials play a fundamental role in the context of education, care and clinical treatment, as they seem to have a high impact on public awareness. This study aims to describe what messages are perceived by the society at an International Festival of Short Films and Art on Diseases that may help to understand difficult topics, such as illness, dying and suffering. Through an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study, using full participant observation and an open, self-administered questionnaire, 32 short films were analysed during a healthcare art festival. Categories were developed using inductive content analysis. The message perceived by the participants, after the viewing of the shorts and reflection of the debates among the attendees, were considered in four categories: i) creative and positive education is possible; ii) awareness of preconception and practical duties; iii) meaning of life changes the experience of illness; iv) family and caregivers also experienced suffering. The short films are considered as an excellent tool to generate social dialogue and debate. Public events can be understood as an opportunity to ac- quire, in an emotional and critical manner, other competencies for public awareness. Together, they are capable of communicating difficult messages through a fast, positive, and creative way

The overembeddedness impact on innovation: the small tourism ventures of the Comarca Minera, Hidalgo, Mexico

El objetivo es identificar las limitantes que la sobre integración social (overembeddedness) impone sobre las acciones de innovación entre los emprendedores que conforman el parque ecoturístico “El Bosque de las Truchas”, ubicado en la Comarca Minera, Hidalgo. Fueron analizados 23 emprendimientos turísticos. Los temas redundantes en las entrevistas fueron codificados y analizados mediante el software Atlas.ti y el cálculo del coeficiente C. Las limitaciones a la innovación derivan de la centralidad de la Asamblea de Ejidatarios que mediante el control de la información y de las relaciones con el exterior, ha propiciado un “bloqueo cognitivo” reflejado en una oferta turística repetitiva.The aim is to identify the constraints of the overembeddedness imposes on innovation actions that entrepreneurs want to develop in the “El Bosque de Las Truchas” ecotourism park, which is located in the Comarca Minera, Hidalgo. Twenty-three small tourism ventures were analyzed. The redundant topics in the interviews were coded and the relations between them were analyzed using the Atlas.ti software and the C coefficient. The Ejidatarios Assembly controls the flow of useful inside information as well as the exchange relations with the outside, which results in a “cognitive lock-in” that inhibits the innovative capacity of the entrepreneurship

Lexical, morphological and syntactic development in toddlers between 16 and 30 months old: a comparison across European Portuguese and Galician

The main aims of this study were to investigate the relationship between the lexical size and the emergence of morphological and syntactic markers in toddlers between the ages of 16 and 30 months and to compare these results between Galician and European Portuguese. Parents of 3012 Portuguese toddlers and those of 1081 Galician toddlers completed the MacArthur–Bates Communicative Development Inventory: Words and Sentences. The results indicated that the number of words, the ability to combine words and the number of different morphemes produced increased with age. The ability to combine words was used as an indicator of syntactic development; this ability was also associated with the toddlers’ lexical size. In both samples, gender morphemes seemed to be the first to have their production generalized, followed by the plural and the past participle. The production of gender morphemes was accompanied by a small lexical size, whereas the imperfect tense and the person mark onset were associated with large lexical sizes. The implications of these results for charting the continuity between lexical, morphological and syntactical development are discussed.CiPsi - Psychology Research Centre, Uminho (UID/PSI/ 01662/2013), Portugal. National Funds through the FCT (Foundation for Science and Technology) and co-financed by European Regional Development Funds (FEDER) through the the National Strategic Reference Framework (QREN) - FCOMP- 01-0124-FEDER-029556 and through the Competitiveness and Internationalization Operational Program (POCI) with the references and POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007562CIEC – Research Centre on Child Studies, IE, UMinho (FCT R&D unit 317), Portugal. BPD/102549/2014info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Modelo de Negocios Canvas y Calidad de Servicios en Clientes del Sector Hospedaje de la Región Junín

The use of a “business model to provide quality services in lodging establishments is essential for the development of this sector; Little research currently deals with this topic. The main objective of the study was to determine the association of the canvas business model and the quality of services in clients of lodging companies in the Junín region, the research was of a basic type, relational level with a descriptive-correlational design; the sample was made up of clients of lodging service in the Junín region, the sample was made up of 80 clients, the sampling technique was non-probabilistic for convenience (Otzen & Manterola, 2017), the approach was quantitative, the type of research Due to its purpose, it was basic, the level was descriptive and the design was not experimental-transversal; the theoretical methods were inductive-deductive and the empirical method was observational; the statistical test used was Kendall's tau b association coefficient, the scales were ordinal, the instruments were questionnaires prepared according to the literature review based on Osterwalder and Pigneur (2011) and Matsumoto-Nishizawa, (2014); the statistical treatment was carried out in SPSS 25; the main result was that there is a significant association between the canvas business model and quality of services in clients of the lodging sector of the Junín region, since the p-value found was 0,634 and the Kendall tau b statistic was 0.001, reflecting a significant relationship.El empleo de un modelo de negocios para brindar servicios de calidad en establecimientos de hospedaje es esencial para el desarrollo de este sector; actualmente pocas investigaciones tratan este tema. El objetivo principal del estudio fue determinar la asociación del modelo de negocios canvas y la calidad de servicios en clientes de empresas de hospedaje de la región Junín, la investigación fue de tipo básica, nivel relacional con un diseño descriptivo-correlacional; la muestra estuvo conformada por los clientes de servicio de hospedaje de la región Junín, la muestra estuvo conformada por 80 clientes, la técnica de muestreo fue no probabilística por conveniencia (Otzen & Manterola, 2017), el enfoque cuantitativo, el tipo de investigación por su finalidad fue básico, el nivel fue descriptivo y el diseño no experimental-transversal; los métodos teóricos fueron inductivo-deductivo y el método empírico fue el observacional; la prueba estadística empleada fue el coeficiente de asociación tau b de Kendall, las escalas fueron ordinales, los instrumentos fueron cuestionarios elaborados de acuerdo a la revisión de la literatura basados en Osterwalder y Pigneur (2011) y Matsumoto-Nishizawa, (2014); el tratamiento estadístico se realizó en SPSS 25; el resultado principal fue que existe asociación significativa entre el modelo de negocios canvas y calidad de servicios en clientes del sector hospedaje de la región Junín, puesto que el p-valor hallado fue de 0,634 y el estadístico tau b de Kendall fue de 0,001 reflejando una relación significativa

Radio-continuum decrements associated to shadowing from the central warp in transition disc DoAr44

Warps have often been used to explain disc properties, but well characterised examples are important due to their role in disc evolution. Scattered light images of discs with central gaps have revealed sharp warps, such that the outer rings are shadowed by tilted inner discs. The near-IR intensity drops along the ring around TTauri star DoAr44 have been interpreted in terms of a central warp. We report new ALMA observations of DoAr44 in the continuum at 230 GHz and 350 GHz (at ~10 au), along with a new epoch of SPHERE/IRDIS differential polarised imaging taken during excellent weather conditions. The ALMA observations resolve the ring and confirm the decrements proposed from deconvolution of coarse 336 GHz data. The scattered light image constrains the dips, which correspond to a misaligned inner disc with a relative inclination $\xi$ = 21.4 $^{+6.7}_{-8.3}$ deg. The SPHERE intensity profile shows a morphological change compared to a previous epoch that may be interpreted as a variable orientation of the inner disc, from $\xi$ ~30 deg to $\xi$ ~20 deg. The intensity dips probably correspond to temperature decrements, as their mm-spectral index, $\alpha^{230 GHz}_{350 GHz}$ ~2.0 $\pm$ 0.1, is indicative of optically thick emission. The azimuth of the two temperature decrements are leading clockwise relative to the IR-dips, by $\eta$ = 14.95 deg and $\eta$ = 7.92 deg. For a retrograde disc, such shifts are expected from a thermal lag and imply gas surface densities of $\Sigma_g$ = 117 $\pm$ 10 g/cm$^2$ and $\Sigma_g$ = 48 $\pm$ 10 g/cm$^2$. A lopsided disc, with contrast ratio $f_r$=2.4 $\pm$ 0.5, is also consistent with the large continuum crescent.Comment: accepted in MNRA

Under control: how a dietary additive can restore the gut microbiome and proteomic profile, and improve disease resilience in a marine teleostean fish fed vegetable diets

[Background]: The constant increase of aquaculture production and wealthy seafood consumption has forced the industry to explore alternative and more sustainable raw aquafeed materials, and plant ingredients have been used to replace marine feedstuffs in many farmed fish. The objective of the present study was to assess whether plant-based diets can induce changes in the intestinal mucus proteome, gut autochthonous microbiota and disease susceptibility of fish, and whether these changes could be reversed by the addition of sodium butyrate to the diets. Three different trials were performed using the teleostean gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) as model. In a first preliminary short-term trial, fish were fed with the additive (0.8%) supplementing a basal diet with low vegetable inclusion (D1) and then challenged with a bacteria to detect possible effects on survival. In a second trial, fish were fed with diets with greater vegetable inclusion levels (D2, D3) and the long-term effect of sodium butyrate at a lower dose (0.4%) added to D3 (D4 diet) was tested on the intestinal proteome and microbiome. In a third trial, the long-term effectiveness of sodium butyrate (D4) to prevent disease outcome after an intestinal parasite (Enteromyxum leei) challenge was tested. [Results]: The results showed that opposed forces were driven by dietary plant ingredients and sodium butyrate supplementation in fish diet. On the one hand, vegetable diets induced high parasite infection levels that provoked drops in growth performance, decreased intestinal microbiota diversity, induced the dominance of the Photobacterium genus, as well as altered the gut mucosal proteome suggesting detrimental effects on intestinal function. On the other hand, butyrate addition slightly decreased cumulative mortality after bacterial challenge, avoided growth retardation in parasitized fish, increased intestinal microbiota diversity with a higher representation of butyrate-producing bacteria and reversed most vegetable diet-induced changes in the gut proteome. [Conclusions]: This integrative work gives insights on the pleiotropic effects of a dietary additive on the restoration of intestinal homeostasis and disease resilience, using a multifaceted approach.This work has been carried out with financial support from the European Union under grant projects ARRAINA (FP7-KBBE-2011-288,925) to JPS, MP and VK and ParaFishControl (H2020-634429) to ASB. Additional funding has been received from Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) project no. AGL2013- 48560-R to JPS and ASB, and Generalitat Valenciana (PROMETEOII/2014/085) to ASB. MCP was contracted under CSIC PIE project no. 201740E013 and MINECO FPDI-2013-15741, and IE under APOSTD/2016/037 grant by the “Generalitat Valenciana”.We acknowledge support by the CSIC Open Access Publication Initiative through its Unit of Information Resources for Research (URICI)

Gene Expression Analyses in Non Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer Reveals a Role for Alternative Splicing and Tp53 Status

Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) represents a crucial problem for the national health care systems due to its high rates of recurrence and the consequent need of frequent follow-ups. Here, gene expression analyses in patients diagnosed as NMIBC were performed to determine those molecular pathways involved in tumor initiation, finding that both MYC and E2F are up regulated and helps to tumor initiation and progression. Our results also support an important involvement of alternative splicing events, modifying key pathways to favour bladder tumor evolution. Finally, since MDM2 showed differential exon usage, mutations in TP53 and its protein expression have been also studied in the same patients. Our data support that recurrence is epigenetically mediated and favoured by an increase protein expression of TP53, which appears more frequently mutated in advanced stages and grades, being associated to a worse prognosis. Therefore, TP53 mutational status could be used as a potential biomarker in the first stages of NMIBC to predict recurrence and prognosis

Comparison of zebrafish and mice knockouts for Megalencephalic Leukoencephalopathy proteins indicates that GlialCAM/MLC1 forms a functional unit

[Abstract] Background: Megalencephalic Leukoencephalopathy with subcortical Cysts (MLC) is a rare type of leukodystrophy characterized by astrocyte and myelin vacuolization, epilepsy and early-onset macrocephaly. MLC is caused by mutations in MLC1 or GLIALCAM, coding for two membrane proteins with an unknown function that form a complex specifically expressed in astrocytes at cell-cell junctions. Recent studies in Mlc1−/− or Glialcam−/− mice and mlc1−/− zebrafish have shown that MLC1 regulates glial surface levels of GlialCAM in vivo and that GlialCAM is also required for MLC1 expression and localization at cell-cell junctions. Methods: We have generated and analysed glialcama−/− zebrafish. We also generated zebrafish glialcama−/− mlc1−/− and mice double KO for both genes and performed magnetic resonance imaging, histological studies and biochemical analyses. Results: glialcama−/− shows megalencephaly and increased fluid accumulation. In both zebrafish and mice, this phenotype is not aggravated by additional elimination of mlc1. Unlike mice, mlc1 protein expression and localization are unaltered in glialcama−/− zebrafish, possibly because there is an up-regulation of mlc1 mRNA. In line with these results, MLC1 overexpressed in Glialcam−/− mouse primary astrocytes is located at cell-cell junctions. Conclusions: This work indicates that the two proteins involved in the pathogenesis of MLC, GlialCAM and MLC1, form a functional unit, and thus, that loss-of-function mutations in these genes cause leukodystrophy through a common pathway.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación; SAF2015–70377Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación; RTI2018–093493-B-I00Generalitat de Catalunya; SGR2014–1178Generalitat de Catalunya; SGR014–2016Instituto de Salud Carlos III; PI16/00267-R-Fede