The Effectiveness of Student-Driven Pro Bono Physical Therapy Services on Self-Reported Outcomes of Community-Dwelling Adults with Musculoskeletal Conditions

Purpose: Student-driven pro bono clinics provide a profound clinical education experience for health professional students while serving members of the community. Currently, there is little research on how the pro-bono clinic impacts the community members involved. The purpose of this study was to examine outcomes following discharge from a pro bono clinic held through an entry-level physical therapy program. Methods: Forty-one volunteer community members, 19 males (M) (46.3%) and 22 females (F) (53.6%), participated in this study. Ages ranged from 20-90 years, with a mean age of 41(17) years. Each community member completed the Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale (WBFS), Patient Specific Functional Scale (PSFS), and 36-Item Short Form Health Survey Questionnaire (SF-36) during the initial evaluation and discharge sessions. Community members were seen for 60 minutes once per week for a total of 2-5 visits. Descriptive statistics, Wilcoxon Signed Rank test, and means of the pre-test data and the post-test data were performed. Results: Wilcoxon Signed Rank test revealed significance at Z=-4.37, pConclusion: Community members who participated in the student-driven pro bono clinic achieved statistically significant improvement in pain and physical function. In addition to the established benefit of experiential learning received by the student, our study supports a received benefit to the community member

Clinical Characteristics of Dialysis Related Sclerosing Encapsulating Peritonitis: Multi-center Experience in Korea

Sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis (SEP) is a rare but serious complication in patients with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD), and is characterized by a progressive, intra-abdominal, inflammatory process resulting in the formation of sheets of new fibrous tissue, which cover, bind, and constrict the viscera, thereby compromising the motility of the bowel. No satisfactory estimate is available on the comparative incidence of dialysis related SEP and the pathogenesis of SEP still remains uncertain. Although recent therapeutic approaches have reported varying degrees of success, an efficient measure to detect, at an early stage, patients at risk for SEP would be beneficial and a standardized treatment regimen to prevent the illness is urgently needed. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical features of SEP and to identify the possible risk factors for the development of SEP in CAPD patients. We retrospectively reviewed by questionnaire SEP cases among CAPD patients from 7 university hospital dialysis centers in Korea, including Yonsei University, Ajou University, Catholic University, Inha University, Kyungpook University, Seoul National University and Soonchunhyang University, from January 1981 to December 2002. Out of a total of 4,290 CAPD patients in these centers, 34 cases developed SEP with an overall prevalence of 0.79%. The male to female ratio was 17:17. The median age of these patients was 44.5 years (range 19 - 66). The median duration of CAPD before SEP was 64 months (9 - 144) and 68% of patients (23/34) had been on CAPD for more than 4 years. Peritonitis (including two fungal cases) was the main cause of catheter removal in SEP (27 cases, 79%). Seventy-five percent of the cases (15/20) were administered β-blocker for a mean duration of 85 months (26 - 130). Among 10 cases with available peritoneal equilibration test (PET) data, 8 showed high transporter characteristics, and the remaining 2 were high average. Eighteen cases were diagnosed by clinical and radiologic methods, and 16 were surgically diagnosed. Eleven cases were surgically treated and the others were treated conservatively with intermittent total parenteral nutrition (TPN). The overall mortality rate was 24%. SEP is a serious, life threatening complication of CAPD. Most cases had a PD duration of more than 4 years, a history of severe peritonitis, and high transporter characteristics in PET. Therefore, to reduce the incidence of SEP, careful monitoring and treatment, including early catheter removal in patients with severe peritonitis, should be considered for long-term CAPD patients with the above characteristics

Identification of tetrahydrocarbazoles as novel multifactorial drug candidates for treatment of Alzheimer's disease

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative brain disorder and the most frequent cause of dementia. To date, there are only a few approved drugs for AD, which show little or no effect on disease progression. Impaired intracellular calcium homeostasis is believed to occur early in the cascade of events leading to AD. Here, we examined the possibility of normalizing the disrupted calcium homeostasis in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) store as an innovative approach for AD drug discovery. High-throughput screening of a small-molecule compound library led to the identification of tetrahydrocarbazoles, a novel multifactorial class of compounds that can normalize the impaired ER calcium homeostasis. We found that the tetrahydrocarbazole lead structure, first, dampens the enhanced calcium release from ER in HEK293 cells expressing familial Alzheimer's disease (FAD)-linked presenilin 1 mutations. Second, the lead structure also improves mitochondrial function, measured by increased mitochondrial membrane potential. Third, the same lead structure also attenuates the production of amyloid-beta (A beta) peptides by decreasing the cleavage of amyloid precursor protein (APP) by beta-secretase, without notably affecting alpha- and gamma-secretase cleavage activities. Considering the beneficial effects of tetrahydrocarbazoles addressing three key pathological aspects of AD, these compounds hold promise for the development of potentially effective AD drug candidates

Neuropathology and behavioural features of transgenic murine models of Alzheimer's disease.

Our understanding of the underlying biology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been steadily progressing; however, this is yet to translate into a successful treatment in humans. The use of transgenic mouse models has helped to develop our understanding of AD, not only in terms of disease pathology, but also with the associated cognitive impairments typical of AD. Plaques and neurofibrillary tangles are often amongst the last pathological changes in AD mouse models, after neuronal loss and gliosis. There is a general consensus that successful treatments need to be applied before the onset of these pathologies and associated cognitive symptoms. This review discusses the different types of AD mouse models in terms of the temporal progression of the disease, how well they replicate the pathological changes seen in human AD and their cognitive defects. We provide a critical assessment of the behavioural tests used with AD mice to assess cognitive changes and decline, and discuss how successfully they correlate with cognitive impairments in humans with AD. This information is an important tool for AD researchers, when deciding on appropriate mouse models, and when selecting measures to assess behavioural and cognitive change. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

Contribution a l'etude de structures silicium sur isolant obtenues a partir de silicium poreux

SIGLEAvailable from INIST (FR), Document Supply Service, under shelf-number : TD 80778 / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueFRFranc

Rôle de GATA6 dans l’homéostasie de la partie supérieure du follicule pilo-sébacé humain et dans la physiopathologie de l’acné

Although acne vulgaris is the most common human inflammatory skin disease, its pathogenic mechanisms remain incompletely understood. It is a disease of the upper part of the pilo-sebaceous unit which is made of ducts (infundibulum, junctional zone, sebaceous ducts) and of sebaceous glands. GATA6 is expressed in the upper pilosebaceous unit of normal human skin and is down regulated in acne. GATA6 controls keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation to prevent the hyperkeratinisation of the epidermal infundibulum, which is the primary pathological event in acne. When overexpressed in immortalised human sebocytes, GATA6 triggers a junctional zone and sebaceous differentiation program whilst limiting lipid production and cell proliferation. It modulates the immunological repertoire of sebocytes, upregulating PD-L1 and IL10, and controlling their ability to respond to Cutibacterium acnes. GATA6 expression contributes to the therapeutic effect of retinoic acid, the main treatment for acne. In a human 3D sebaceous organoid model, GATA6-mediated down-regulation of the infundibular differentiation program is mediated by induction of TGFß signalling. We conclude that GATA6 is a key regulator of homeostasis in the upper pilosebaceous unit and an actionable target in the treatment of acne.Bien que l’acné soit la dermatose inflammatoire la plus fréquente, sa physiopathologie demeure partiellement méconnue. Le siège de la maladie est la partie supérieure du follicule pilo-sébacé, constituée de canaux (infundibulum, zone jonctionnelle, canaux sébacés) et des glandes sébacées. GATA6 est exprimé dans la partie supérieure du follicule pilo-sébacé et son expression est diminuée dans l’acné. GATA6 contrôle la prolifération et la différentiation des kératinocytes infundibulaires, afin de prévenir l’hyperkératinisation responsable de la formation du comédon, le premier événement pathologique survenant au cours de l’acné. L’expression de GATA6 dans des sébocytes humains immortalisés induit un programme de différentiation canalaire et sébacé tout en limitant la sébogenèse et la prolifération cellulaire. GATA6 module le répertoire immunologique des sébocytes en augmentant la synthèse de PD-L1 et d’IL10 et en modifiant leur réponse à Cutibacterium acnes. GATA6 contribue à l’effet thérapeutique de l’acide rétinoïque, le principal traitement de l’acné. Dans un modèle d’organoïde sébacé 3D, l’inhibition de la différentiation infundibulaire déterminée par GATA6 est dépendante de l’induction de la voie de signalisation du TGFß. En conclusion, GATA6 est un régulateur clé de l’homéostasie du follicule pilo-sébacé et sa perte contribue à la pathogenèse de l’acné

Impact physiologique du transfert de calcium entre le réticulum endoplasmique (RE) et la mitochondrie (rôle de l'isoforme SERCAI tronquée (S1T) dans le stress du RE et la maladie d'Alzheimer )

PARIS5-BU Méd.Cochin (751142101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Le consentement éclairé en odontologie chez la personne vulnérable

TOULOUSE3-BU Sciences (315552104) / SudocSudocFranceF