Clínica da atividade e análise institucional : intercessões possíveis

O artigo explora possíveis intercessões da clínica da atividade com princípios e conceitos da análise institucional, tendo como pressuposto que há, entre essas abordagens, uma base epistemológica comum, na qual se destacam a importância do princípio de transformar para conhecer e o foco da análise nas tensões que habitam o campo analisado. O principal objetivo deste texto é produzir entrelaçamentos teórico-metodológicos que possam levar a uma ampliação do campo da clínica do trabalho e, em especial, da clínica da atividade. Pensar a experiência do trabalho dando relevo ao universo normativo e às tramas institucionais que a atravessam possibilita, entre outros efeitos, alcançar, na análise, questões atuais como aquelas da interferência do racismo e das lutas antirracistas nos gêneros de atividade em foco.L'article explore les intercessions possibles avec les principes et les concepts de l'analyse institutionnelle, en supposant qu'il existe, parmi ces approches, une base épistémologique commune, dans laquelle se détachent l'importance du principe de transformer pour comprendre et le focus de l'analyse sur les tensions qui habitent le terrain analysé. L'objectif principal de ce texte est de produire des intercessions théorico-méthodologiques pouvant conduire à un élargissement du champ de la clinique du travail et, en particulier, de la clinique d'activité. Réfléchir à l'expérience de travail, mettre en valeur l'univers normatif et les rapports institutionnelles qui le traversent, permet, entre autres effets, d'atteindre, dans l'analyse, des problématiques d'actualité comme celles du racisme et des luttes antiracistes dans les genres d'activité visés

NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics

Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this data set, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposed a geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into the Neotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced records on alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 species belonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal-central Florida in the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 countries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g., Callithrix sp., Myocastor coypus, Nasua nasua) considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The most numerous species in terms of records are from Bos sp. (n = 37,782), Sus scrofa (n = 6,730), and Canis familiaris (n = 10,084); 17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caffer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of species in the data set (n = 20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomic identification of the genera Callithrix, which includes the species Callithrix aurita, Callithrix flaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion risk assessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation-related research. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us on how they are using the data

Characterisation of microbial attack on archaeological bone

As part of an EU funded project to investigate the factors influencing bone preservation in the archaeological record, more than 250 bones from 41 archaeological sites in five countries spanning four climatic regions were studied for diagenetic alteration. Sites were selected to cover a range of environmental conditions and archaeological contexts. Microscopic and physical (mercury intrusion porosimetry) analyses of these bones revealed that the majority (68%) had suffered microbial attack. Furthermore, significant differences were found between animal and human bone in both the state of preservation and the type of microbial attack present. These differences in preservation might result from differences in early taphonomy of the bones. © 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved