Whole-genome sequence-based analysis of thyroid function

Tiina Paunio on työryhmän UK10K Consortium jäsen.Normal thyroid function is essential for health, but its genetic architecture remains poorly understood. Here, for the heritable thyroid traits thyrotropin (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT4), we analyse whole-genome sequence data from the UK10K project (N = 2,287). Using additional whole-genome sequence and deeply imputed data sets, we report meta-analysis results for common variants (MAF >= 1%) associated with TSH and FT4 (N = 16,335). For TSH, we identify a novel variant in SYN2 (MAF = 23.5%, P = 6.15 x 10(-9)) and a new independent variant in PDE8B (MAF = 10.4%, P = 5.94 x 10(-14)). For FT4, we report a low-frequency variant near B4GALT6/ SLC25A52 (MAF = 3.2%, P = 1.27 x 10(-9)) tagging a rare TTR variant (MAF = 0.4%, P = 2.14 x 10(-11)). All common variants explain >= 20% of the variance in TSH and FT4. Analysis of rare variants (MAFPeer reviewe

Revista del Museo Nacional N° 48

El Museo Nacional, dirigido por Luis E. Valcárcel desde 1931, publicó la Revista del Museo Nacional a partir del año 1932. El presente volumen N° XLVIII, fue publicado en 1986–1987. Contenido: “El urbanismo de Chanchán”, por Carlos Wílliams – “Un plano de Chanchán de 1898”, por Enrique O'Donnovan – “Perfíl de un pozo de huaquero en Chanchán, por Carlos Angulo – “Colán: evidencias arqueológicas”, por Rogger Ravines – “Petroglifos de Samanga, Ayabaca”, por Mario Polia – “Cazadores de cabezas en sitios pre-Inca de Chachapoyas, Amazonas”, por Jan Jakobsen, Balslev Jorgensen, L. Kempfner Jorgensen e Inge Schjellerup – “Placas cerámicas de la cueva de Chuco, Condesuyos”, por Federico Kauftmann Doig / “Apéndice. Informe geológico preliminar sobre Chucu-Cupara”, por Carlos Damiani Castello -- “Cerámica prehispánica tardía del valle de Yanamarca, Junín”, por Cathy L. Costin – “Santuarios de altura de los Andes”, por Marcelo Scanuloeo -- “El simbolismo de frontera en los Andes”, por Antoinette Molinié Fioravanti –“Reflexiones críticas sobre el Proyecto Perú-Cornell”, por William W. Stein – “La flexión de persona y número en el protoquechua”, por Rodolfo Cerrón Palomino – “Complemento con nishpa en el quechua de San Martín”, por Irma Inugay de Phelps – “Variación del orden de las palabras, elipsis y cambio de tiempo en el discurso narrativo en esse ejja”, por Kenneth A. Prettol

The role of legumes as a component of biodiversity in a cross-European study of grassland biomass nitrogen

To investigate how plant diversity loss affects nitrogen accumulation in above-ground plant biomass and how consistent patterns are across sites of different climatic and soil conditions, we varied the number of plant species and functional groups (grasses, herbs and legumes) in experimental grassland communities across seven European experimental sites (Switzerland, Germany, Ireland, United Kingdom (Silwood Park), Portugal, Sweden and Greece). Nitrogen pools were significantly affected by both plant diversity and community composition. Two years after sowing, nitrogen pools in Germany and Switzerland strongly increased in the presence of legumes. Legume effects on nitrogen pools were less pronounced at the Swedish, Irish and Portuguese site. In Greece and UK there were no legume effects. Nitrogen concentration in total above-ground biomass was quite invariable at 1.66 +/- 0.03% across all sites and diversity treatments. Thus, the presence of legumes had a positive effect oil nitrogen pools by significantly increasing above-ground biomass, i.e. by increases in vegetation quantity rather than quality. At the German site with the strongest legume effect on nitrogen pools and biomass, nitrogen that was fixed symbiotically by legumes was transferred to the other plant functional groups (grasses and herbs) but varied depending on the particular legume species fixing N and the non-legume species taking it up. Nitrogenfixation by legumes therefore appeared to be one of the major functional traits of species that influenced nitrogen accumulation and biomass production, although effects varied among sites and legume species. This study demonstrates that the consequences of species loss on the nitrogen budget of plant communities may be more severe if legume species are lost. However, our data indicate that legume species differ in their N-2 fixation. Therefore, loss of an efficient N-2-fixer (Trifolium in our study) may have a greater influence on the ecosystem function than loss of a less efficient species (Lotus in our study). Furthermore, there is indication that P availability in the soil facilitates the legume effect on biomass production and biomass nitrogen accumulation

The role of legumes as a component of biodiversity in a cross- European study of grassland biomass nitrogen

To investigate how plant diversity loss affects nitrogen accumulation in above-ground plant biomass and how consistent patterns are across sites of different climatic and soil conditions, we varied the number of plant species and functional groups (grasses, herbs and legumes) in experimental grassland communities across seven European experimental sites (Switzerland, Germany, Ireland, United Kingdom (Silwood Park), Portugal, Sweden and Greece). Nitrogen pools were significantly affected by both plant diversity and community composition. Two years after sowing, nitrogen pools in Germany and Switzerland strongly increased in the presence of legumes. Legume effects on nitrogen pools were less pronounced at the Swedish, Irish and Portuguese site. In Greece and UK there were no legume effects. Nitrogen concentration in total above-ground biomass was quite invariable at 1.66 +/- 0.03% across all sites and diversity treatments. Thus, the presence of legumes had a positive effect oil nitrogen pools by significantly increasing above-ground biomass, i.e. by increases in vegetation quantity rather than quality. At the German site with the strongest legume effect on nitrogen pools and biomass, nitrogen that was fixed symbiotically by legumes was transferred to the other plant functional groups (grasses and herbs) but varied depending on the particular legume species fixing N and the non-legume species taking it up. Nitrogenfixation by legumes therefore appeared to be one of the major functional traits of species that influenced nitrogen accumulation and biomass production, although effects varied among sites and legume species. This study demonstrates that the consequences of species loss on the nitrogen budget of plant communities may be more severe if legume species are lost. However, our data indicate that legume species differ in their N-2 fixation. Therefore, loss of an efficient N-2-fixer (Trifolium in our study) may have a greater influence on the ecosystem function than loss of a less efficient species (Lotus in our study). Furthermore, there is indication that P availability in the soil facilitates the legume effect on biomass production and biomass nitrogen accumulation