Effect of Erica australis extract on Caco-2 cells, fibroblasts and selected pathogenic bacteria responsible for wound infection

Plants from the genus Erica are used in many countries to treat several ailments. In this work we intend to evaluate the potential in vivo benefits of Erica australis L. by testing in vitro the effect induced by the plant extract when in contact with BJ fibroblasts (3 and 9 hours) and Caco-2 cells (3, 6 and 24 hours). Effects on five pathogenic microorganisms(Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes) were also determined. It was found that the extracts enhanced fibroblast proliferation (maximum of 484% of control at 6 hour exposure) while Caco-2 cells viability was reduced in a concentration and time dependent manner (minimum of 22.3% of control at 24 hour exposure). Antimicrobial effects were also detected, with differences registered among the plant parts and solvent used, with the lowest minimum concentration for diffusion inhibition (MCDI) of 1 mg/mL. Results obtained with the fibroblasts and bacteria strongly show that this plant has potential to be used in wound healing as a stimulant of fibroblast growth and disinfection, as well as an antibiotic. Results obtained with Caco-2 cells indicate this plant also has some potential for and application as anticancer agent

Bioadhesive hydrogels for cosmetic applications

Introduction: The use of bioadhesive hydrogels for skin care presents important advantages such as long residence times on the application site and reduced product administration frequency. Object: The aim of the present work was to develop bioadhesive hydrogels for skin application, using caffeine as a model active ingredient. Methods: Eight hydrogels were formulated using binary combinations of a primary polymer (carbomer homopolymer type C (Carbopol® 980) or kappa carrageenan potassium salt (Gelcarin® GP‐812 NF)) and a secondary polymer (carbomer copolymer type B (Pemulen™ TR‐1), xanthan gum or guar gum). Hydrogels were characterized by means of physico‐chemical (dynamic rheological measurements, spreadability and adhesion measurements) and sensory methods (projective mapping in combination with a check‐all‐that‐apply (CATA) question). Caffeine hydrogels were formulated using two of the most promising formulations regarding adhesion properties and sensory characteristics. In vitro active ingredient release studies were carried out. Results: Hydrogel formulations showed a prevalently elastic rheological behaviour. Complex viscosity of carbomer homopolymer type C hydrogels was higher than that of the kappa carrageenan hydrogels. Besides, complex viscosity values were dependent on the secondary polymer present in the formulation. Significant differences among hydrogels were found in detachment force, work of adhesion and spreading diameter results. Association of projective mapping with CATA allowed to determine similarities and dissimilarities among samples. Cluster analysis associated the samples in two groups. Two hydrogels were selected to study the release of caffeine. Both hydrogels presented similar release profiles which were well described by the Higuchi model. Caffeine release was exclusively controlled by a diffusive process. Conclusion: Physico‐chemical and sensory techniques enabled the identification of bioadhesive hydrogel formulations with positive characteristics for cosmetic applications. Formulations which combined carbomer homopolymer type C with xanthan gum or with carbomer copolymer type B were the most promising for bioadhesive skin products. Caffeine release profiles of selected formulations were not statistically different. Both hydrogels gradually released the active ingredient, reaching approximately 80% within the first 5 h, and their profiles were well described by the Higuchi model. In this context, it could be concluded that the selected hydrogels are suitable bioadhesive hydrogel formulations for cosmetic application on the skin.Fil: Parente, M. E.. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Ochoa Andrade, A.. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Ares, G.. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Russo, F.. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Jimenez Kairuz, Alvaro Federico. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Farmacéutica. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Farmacéutica; Argentin