Cloud Computing, Big Data and the Industry 4.0 Reference Architectures

La Industria 4.0 promueve el uso de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC) en los procesos de fabricación para obtener productos personalizados que satisfagan las necesidades más exigentes de los nuevos consumidores. El enfoque de Industria 4.0 transforma el modelo tradicional piramidal de automatización en un modelo de red de servicios interconectados, combinando la tecnología operacional (OT, en inglés) con la tecnología de la información (TI). Este nuevo modelo permite la creación de ecosistemas para hacer el proceso de producción más flexible mediante la conexión de sistemas y el intercambio de datos. En este contexto, la computación en la nube y el big data (grandes volúmenes de datos) son tecnologías fundamentales para implementar la Industria 4.0. Por lo tanto, este documento analiza la computación en la nube y grandes volúmenes de datos bajo las lentes de dos arquitecturas de referencia líderes para la implementación de Industria 4.0: 1) la Arquitectura de Referencia de Internet Industrial (IIRA), y 2) el Modelo de Arquitectura de Referencia Industrie 4.0 (RAMI 4.0). La contribución principal de este artículo es presentar una guía comparativa de IIRA y RAMI 4.0 y discutir las necesidades, los beneficios y los desafíos de la aplicación de computación en la nube y grandes volúmenes de datos en Industria 4.0.The Industry 4.0 promotes the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in manufacturing processes to obtain customized products satisfying demanding needs of new consumers. The Industry 4.0 approach transforms the traditional pyramid model of automation to a network model of interconnected services, combining operational technology (OT) with Information Technology (IT). This new model allows the creation of ecosystems enabling more flexible production processes through connecting systems and sharing data. In this context, cloud computing and big data are critical technologies for leveraging the approach. Thus, this paper analyzes cloud computing and big data under the lenses of two leading reference architectures for implementing Industry 4.0: 1) the Industrial Internet Reference Architecture (IIRA), and 2) the Reference Architecture Model Industrie 4.0 (RAMI 4.0). A main contribution of this paper is to present a comparative analysis of IIRA and RAMI 4.0, discussing needs, benefits, and challenges of applying cloud computing and big data in the Industry 4.0.Fil: Velasquez, Nancy. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Informática; ArgentinaFil: Estevez, Elsa Clara. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Ciencias e Ingeniería de la Computación. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Ciencias e Ingeniería de la Computación. Instituto de Ciencias e Ingeniería de la Computación; ArgentinaFil: Pesado, Patricia Mabel. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Informática. Instituto de Investigación en Informática Lidi; Argentin

Cloud Computing, Big Data y las Arquitecturas de Referencia para la Industria 4.0

The Industry 4.0 promotes the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in manufacturing processes to obtain customized products satisfying demanding needs of new consumers. The Industry 4.0 approach transforms the traditional pyramid model of automation to a network model of interconnected services. This new model allows the creation of ecosystems to make the production process more flexible through connecting systems and sharing data. In this context, cloud computing and big data are critical technologies for leveraging the approach. Thus, this paper analyzes cloud computing and big data under the lenses of two leading reference architectures for implementing Industry 4.0: 1) the Industrial Internet Reference Architecture (IIRA) of the Internet Consortium (IIC), and 2) the Reference Architecture Model for Industry 4.0 (RAMI 4.0). A main contribution of this paper is discussing needs, benefits, and challenges of applying cloud computing and big data in the Industry 4.0

A Safe Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach for Energy Efficient Federated Learning in Wireless Communication Networks

Progressing towards a new era of Artificial Intelligence (AI) - enabled wireless networks, concerns regarding the environmental impact of AI have been raised both in industry and academia. Federated Learning (FL) has emerged as a key privacy preserving decentralized AI technique. Despite efforts currently being made in FL, its environmental impact is still an open problem. Targeting the minimization of the overall energy consumption of an FL process, we propose the orchestration of computational and communication resources of the involved devices to minimize the total energy required, while guaranteeing a certain performance of the model. To this end, we propose a Soft Actor Critic Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) solution, where a penalty function is introduced during training, penalizing the strategies that violate the constraints of the environment, and ensuring a safe RL process. A device level synchronization method, along with a computationally cost effective FL environment are proposed, with the goal of further reducing the energy consumption and communication overhead. Evaluation results show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme compared to four state-of-the-art baseline solutions in both static and dynamic environments, achieving a decrease of up to 94% in the total energy consumption.Comment: 27 Pages Single Column, 6 Figures, Submitted for possible publication in the IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking (TGCN). arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2306.1423

Structure of CD20 in complex with the therapeutic monoclonal antibody rituximab.

Cluster of differentiation 20 (CD20) is a B cell membrane protein that is targeted by monoclonal antibodies for the treatment of malignancies and autoimmune disorders but whose structure and function are unknown. Rituximab (RTX) has been in clinical use for two decades, but how it activates complement to kill B cells remains poorly understood. We obtained a structure of CD20 in complex with RTX, revealing CD20 as a compact double-barrel dimer bound by two RTX antigen-binding fragments (Fabs), each of which engages a composite epitope and an extensive homotypic Fab:Fab interface. Our data suggest that RTX cross-links CD20 into circular assemblies and lead to a structural model for complement recruitment. Our results further highlight the potential relevance of homotypic Fab:Fab interactions in targeting oligomeric cell-surface markers

Plant-Based Diets Are Associated With Lower Adiposity Levels Among Hispanic/Latino Adults in the Adventist Multi-Ethnic Nutrition (AMEN) Study

Background: The Hispanic/Latino population in the US is experiencing high rates of obesity and cardio-metabolic disease that may be attributable to a nutrition transition away from traditional diets emphasizing whole plant foods. In the US, plant-based diets have been shown to be effective in preventing and controlling obesity and cardio-metabolic disease in large samples of primarily non-Hispanic subjects. Studying this association in US Hispanic/Latinos could inform culturally tailored interventions.Objective: To examine whether the plant-based diet pattern that is frequently followed by Hispanic/Latino Seventh-day Adventists is associated with lower levels of adiposity and adiposity-related biomarkers.Methods: The Adventist Multiethnic Nutrition Study (AMEN) enrolled 74 Seventh-day Adventists from five Hispanic/Latino churches within a 20 mile radius of Loma Linda, CA into a cross-sectional study of diet (24 h recalls, surveys) and health (anthropometrics and biomarkers).Results: Vegetarian diet patterns (Vegan, Lacto-ovo vegetarian, Pesco-vegetarian) were associated with significantly lower BMI (24.5 kg/m2 vs. 27.9 kg/m2, p = 0.006), waist circumference (34.8 in vs. 37.5 in, p = 0.01), and fat mass (18.3 kg vs. 23.9 kg, p = 0.007), as compared to non-vegetarians. Adiposity was positively associated with pro-inflammatory cytokines (Interleukin-6) in this sample, but adjusting for this effect did not alter the associations with vegetarian diet.Conclusions: Plant-based eating as practiced by US-based Hispanic/Latino Seventh-day Adventists is associated with BMI in the recommended range. Further work is needed to characterize this type of diet for use in obesity-related interventions among Hispanic/Latinos in the US

Descripción de una jornada educativo-sanitaria en un área vulnerable

El cambio climático influye favorablemente en la dispersión de distintas enfermedades transmisibles, zoonóticas y no zoonóticas. Realizar vigilancia y alertas tempranas, así como acciones tendientes al diagnóstico, tratamiento y profilaxis, a fin de realizar su control, es indispensable para evitar la diseminación de éstas a otros sitios. Un área centinela[I2] , barrios El Zanjón, Piria, Villa Ruben Sito, El Molino e Isla Río Santiago, de la Localidad de Ensenada, es visitada mensualmente por integrantes del Observatorio de Riesgo Sanitario. En el lugar circulan parasitosis endémicas como Dioctophyma renale (Dr) y otras que podrían caratularse como raras. Tal es el caso del Género Capillaria, representado en el lugar, por las especies C. aerophila, bohemi y C. plica en caninos. Objetivo Describir una jornada educativo sanitaria en el área de estudio de EnsenadaFacultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

Descripción de una jornada educativo-sanitaria en un área vulnerable

El cambio climático influye favorablemente en la dispersión de distintas enfermedades transmisibles, zoonóticas y no zoonóticas. Realizar vigilancia y alertas tempranas, así como acciones tendientes al diagnóstico, tratamiento y profilaxis, a fin de realizar su control, es indispensable para evitar la diseminación de éstas a otros sitios. Un área centinela, barrios El Zanjón, Piria, Villa Ruben Sito, El Molino e Isla Río Santiago, de la Localidad de Ensenada, es visitada mensualmente por integrantes del Observatorio de Riesgo Sanitario. En el lugar circulan parasitosis endémicas como Dioctophyma renale (Dr) y otras que podrían caratularse como raras. Tal es el caso del Género Capillaria, representado en el lugar, por las especies C. aerophila, bohemi y C. plica en caninos. Objetivo: Describir una jornada educativo sanitaria en el área de estudio de Ensenada.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

MUSiC : a model-unspecific search for new physics in proton-proton collisions at root s=13TeV

Results of the Model Unspecific Search in CMS (MUSiC), using proton-proton collision data recorded at the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb(-1), are presented. The MUSiC analysis searches for anomalies that could be signatures of physics beyond the standard model. The analysis is based on the comparison of observed data with the standard model prediction, as determined from simulation, in several hundred final states and multiple kinematic distributions. Events containing at least one electron or muon are classified based on their final state topology, and an automated search algorithm surveys the observed data for deviations from the prediction. The sensitivity of the search is validated using multiple methods. No significant deviations from the predictions have been observed. For a wide range of final state topologies, agreement is found between the data and the standard model simulation. This analysis complements dedicated search analyses by significantly expanding the range of final states covered using a model independent approach with the largest data set to date to probe phase space regions beyond the reach of previous general searches.Peer reviewe

Search for new particles in events with energetic jets and large missing transverse momentum in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

A search is presented for new particles produced at the LHC in proton-proton collisions at root s = 13 TeV, using events with energetic jets and large missing transverse momentum. The analysis is based on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 101 fb(-1), collected in 2017-2018 with the CMS detector. Machine learning techniques are used to define separate categories for events with narrow jets from initial-state radiation and events with large-radius jets consistent with a hadronic decay of a W or Z boson. A statistical combination is made with an earlier search based on a data sample of 36 fb(-1), collected in 2016. No significant excess of events is observed with respect to the standard model background expectation determined from control samples in data. The results are interpreted in terms of limits on the branching fraction of an invisible decay of the Higgs boson, as well as constraints on simplified models of dark matter, on first-generation scalar leptoquarks decaying to quarks and neutrinos, and on models with large extra dimensions. Several of the new limits, specifically for spin-1 dark matter mediators, pseudoscalar mediators, colored mediators, and leptoquarks, are the most restrictive to date.Peer reviewe

Measurement of prompt open-charm production cross sections in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

The production cross sections for prompt open-charm mesons in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13TeV are reported. The measurement is performed using a data sample collected by the CMS experiment corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 29 nb(-1). The differential production cross sections of the D*(+/-), D-+/-, and D-0 ((D) over bar (0)) mesons are presented in ranges of transverse momentum and pseudorapidity 4 < p(T) < 100 GeV and vertical bar eta vertical bar < 2.1, respectively. The results are compared to several theoretical calculations and to previous measurements.Peer reviewe