Actitudes de futuros docentes de Educación Física hacia la enseñanza en lengua extranjera. Expectativas y necesidades formativas

Spanish education authorities are promoting multilingualism through bilingual and multilingual programmes, with an increasing focus on teaching Physical Education (PE) through the use of Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) in schools. Although there have been several studies exploring the effects of this interaction, most focus on the perceptions of practising teachers or on the evaluation of bilingual programmes, leaving a gap in relation to initial teacher training. The aim of this quantitative study is to understand prospective PE teachers' perceptions of their training needs and their readiness to teach PE through a FL. For this purpose, a cross-sectional, descriptive and correlational design was used involving 160 students in their third and fourth year of the degree course in Primary Education with a specialisation in PE at the University of A Coruña. Data were collected through a quantitative questionnaire. The results of the study indicate that students do not feel competent in the use of a FL and consider that they do not receive sufficient training to use it as a vehicle for instruction in PE. Despite this lack of competence, students do not demand further training in CLIL due to their low perceived proficiency in a FL.Las autoridades educativas españolas están promoviendo el multilingüismo a través de programas bilingües y plurilingües, con una creciente atención a la enseñanza de la Educación Física (EF) mediante el uso del Aprendizaje Integrado de Contenidos y Lenguas Extranjeras (AICLE) en las escuelas. Aunque ha habido varios estudios que exploran los efectos de esta interacción, la mayoría se centran en las percepciones de los profesores en ejercicio o en la evaluación de los programas bilingües, dejando un vacío en relación con la formación inicial del profesorado. El objetivo de este estudio cuantitativo es comprender las percepciones de los futuros profesores de educación física sobre sus necesidades de formación y su preparación para enseñar educación física a través de una FL. Para ello, se utilizó un diseño transversal, descriptivo y correlacional en el que participaron 160 estudiantes de tercer y cuarto curso de la licenciatura en EP con especialidad en EF de la Universidad de A Coruña. Los resultados del estudio indican que los estudiantes no se sienten competentes en el uso de un FL y consideran que no reciben la formación suficiente para utilizarlo como vehículo de instrucción en EF.&nbsp

An ISH technique for the early detection of Enterospora nucleophila, an intranuclear microsporidian causing emaciative disease in gilthead sea bream

Enterospora nucleophila is a microsporidian parasite causing serious emaciative disease in cultured gilthead sea bream (GSB), Sparus aurata, and closely related to Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei from shrimp. The parasite can be found within the nuclei of enterocytes and rodlet cells of the fish intestinal epithelium, and occasionally in the cytoplasm of phagocytes in more advanced infections. However, spores are the only stage that can be unmistakably identified but even this may require thorough histopathological examination and use of chitin fluorescent stains for a proper confirmatory diagnosis, due to their minute size and intranuclear location. In the absence of spores, the infection can be suspected from a remarkable hypercelullarity and the presence of altered nuclei in the epithelial layer. This results in a very poor correlation of disease signs with diagnosis of E. nucleophila infection, and to current uncertainty about its real impact in GSB culture. This work describes the development and application of an in situ hybridization (ISH) technique as a powerful tool to overcome current diagnostic limitations for this species, and to decipher basic data on the infection and disease onset. We designed DIG-labelled oligonucleotide probes targeting unique regions of the (+) strand of E. nucleophila rDNA gene, and we developed an ISH protocol that results in good staining of infected host cells prior to the development of spores or other conspicuous stages. On clinically infected samples, numerous ISH-positive cells are present which are not stained with fluorescent whiteners that bind to parasite spores. In contrast, poor staining of spores was obtained with the DNA probes, due to their limited penetration in these stages and the low number of target gene copies that they harbour. These aspects might be improved using specific steps (e.g., chitinase or more aggressive permeabilization strategies) but they are not necessary in a clinical diagnostic context. Due to the relevance of E. nucleophila infections it is essential to decipher unknown aspects of the parasite\u2019s biology and course of infection using proper diagnostic tools. Their cryptic nature makes this a challenging task for microsporidians like E. nucleophila, which can benefit from the method hereby presented

Evaluación experimental y análisis de la mejora con aislamiento para el caso del puente térmico en el frente de forjado

The problematic of the article rises from the need of improving the thermal quality of the built envelope in the wall complex, specifically in the case of reinforced concrete (most used material in high-rise housing in Chile). Considering the use of insulation on the inside face of the wall, interrupts the continuity of the insulating material where the mezzanine slab and the perimeter walls meet, generating a thermal bridge known as mezzanine front. The purpose then, is to know the impact of the mentioned thermal bridge studying its properties through experimental tests on a thermal chamber. Later, the results will be integrated to a case of study that allows establishing the incidence of the bridge in the overall energetic behavior of through the integration of the results into the Thermal Analysis Simulation software (Tas). Finally, it is concluded a low incidence in the inner heat loses, becoming relevant the behavior of the superficial temperatures.El presente artículo plantea su problemática a partir de la necesidad del mejoramiento de la calidad térmica de la envolvente en el complejo de muros, específicamente en hormigón armado (material predominante para edificación en altura en Chile). Considerar la opción de aislación por la cara interior del muro produce, como consecuencia, la interrupción del material aislante en el encuentro del forjado y los muros perimetrales, generando el puente térmico conocido como frente de forjado. Ante esto se propone conocer el impacto de dicho puente, evaluando su comportamiento como singularidad mediante ensayos experimentales (cámara térmica). Posteriormente los resultados se integrarán a un caso de estudio que permita establecer la influencia del puente en el comportamiento energético global de una edificación a través de simulaciones térmicas con el software Tas. Finalmente se concluye una baja incidencia en las pérdidas de calor interior, tomando relevancia el comportamiento de las temperaturas superficiales

Using Qualitative Disease Risk Analysis for Herpetofauna Conservation Translocations Transgressing Ecological and Geographical Barriers

Through the exploration of disease risk analysis methods employed for four different UK herpetofauna translocations, we illustrate how disease hazards can be identified, and how the risk of disease can be analysed. Where ecological or geographical barriers between source and destination sites exist, parasite populations are likely to differ in identity or strain between the two sites, elevating the risk from disease and increasing the number and category of hazards requiring analysis. Simplification of the translocation pathway through the avoidance of these barriers reduces the risk from disease. The disease risk analysis tool is intended to aid conservation practitioners in decision making relating to disease hazards prior to implementation of a translocation

Characterization of a new molecule capable of inhibiting several steps of the amyloid cascade in Alzheimer's disease

Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder in elderly people. Existent therapies are directed at alleviating some symptoms, but are not effective in altering the course of the disease. Methods: Based on our previous study that showed that an Fiji-interacting small peptide protected against the toxic effects of amyloid-beta peptide (A beta), we carried out an array of in silico, in vitro, and in vivo assays to identify a molecule having neuroprotective properties. Results: In silico studies showed that the molecule, referred to as M30 (2-Octahydroisoquinolin-2(1H)-ylethanamine), was able to interact with the A beta peptide. Additionally, in vitro assays showed that M30 blocked A beta aggregation, association to the plasma membrane, synaptotoxicity, intracellular calcium, and cellular toxicity, while in vivo experiments demonstrated that M30 induced a neuroprotective effect by decreasing the toxicity of A beta in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus and improving the alteration in spatial memory in behavior assays. Discussion Therefore, we propose that this new small molecule could be a useful candidate for the additional development of a treatment against AD since it appears to block multiple steps in the amyloid cascade. Overall, since there are no drugs that effectively block the progression of AD, this approach represents an innovative strategy. Significance: Currently, there is no effective treatment for AD and the expectations to develop an effective therapy are low. Using in silico, in vitro, and in vivo experiments, we identified a new compound that is able to inhibit A beta-induced neurotoxicity, specifically aggregation, association to neurons, synaptic toxicity, calcium dyshomeostasis and memory impairment induced by A beta. Because A beta toxicity is central to AD progression, the inhibition mediated by this new molecule might be useful as a therapeutic tool

From product recommendation to cyber-attack prediction: generating attack graphs and predicting future attacks

Modern information society depends on reliable functionality of information systems infrastructure, while at the same time the number of cyber-attacks has been increasing over the years and damages have been caused. Furthermore, graphs can be used to show paths than can be exploited by attackers to intrude into systems and gain unauthorized access through vulnerability exploitation. This paper presents a method that builds attack graphs using data supplied from the maritime supply chain infrastructure. The method delivers all possible paths that can be exploited to gain access. Then, a recommendation system is utilized to make predictions about future attack steps within the network. We show that recommender systems can be used in cyber defense by predicting attacks. The goal of this paper is to identify attack paths and show how a recommendation method can be used to classify future cyber-attacks in terms of risk management. The proposed method has been experimentally evaluated and validated, with the results showing that it is both practical and effective

Plan de negocio para el desarrollo de una plataforma para conectar usuarios con m?dicos de referencia en la ciudad de Piura

El modelo y plan de negocios para el desarrollo de una plataforma, busca conectar m?dicos y usuarios en la ciudad de Piura. La plataforma comparada a otras opciones preexistentes, busca solucionar muchas de las brechas, respecto a la informaci?n completa y oportuna que debe recibir respecto al doctor con el cual busca atenderse. As? mismo facilitar se concrete una cita de acuerdo a las disponibilidades existentes. En cambio el doctor, requiere poder tener una presencia en las diferentes redes de comunicaci?n que existen hoy en d?a, por ello la plataforma le brindar? facilidades de publicidad, de captar pacientes de manera constante a un bajo costo comparado a otros medios de marketing existentes. La plataforma busca unir ambas necesidades de m?dicos y pacientes para poder suplirlas por medio de la tecnolog?a, permitiendo que nuevas necesidades emerjan y puedan en el tiempo ser cubiertas por el modelo de negocio

European Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) immune status and disease resistance are impaired by arginine dietary supplementation

Infectious diseases and fish feeds management are probably the major expenses in the aquaculture business. Hence, it is a priority to define sustainable strategies which simultaneously avoid therapeutic procedures and reinforce fish immunity. Currently, one preferred approach is the use of immunostimulants which can be supplemented to the fish diets. Arginine is a versatile amino acid with important mechanisms closely related to the immune response. Aiming at finding out how arginine affects the innate immune status or improve disease resistance of European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) against vibriosis, fish were fed two arginine-supplemented diets (1% and 2% arginine supplementation). A third diet meeting arginine requirement level for seabass served as control diet. Following 15 or 29 days of feeding, fish were sampled for blood, spleen and gut to assess cell-mediated immune parameters and immune-related gene expression. At the same time, fish from each dietary group were challenged against Vibrio anguillarum and survival was monitored. Cell-mediated immune parameters such as the extracellular superoxide and nitric oxide decreased in fish fed arginine-supplemented diets. Interleukins and immune-cell marker transcripts were down-regulated by the highest supplementation level. Disease resistance data were in accordance with a generally depressed immune status, with increased susceptibility to vibriosis in fish fed arginine supplemented diets. Altogether, these results suggest a general inhibitory effect of arginine on the immune defences and disease resistance of European seabass. Still, further research will certainly clarify arginine immunomodulation pathways thereby allowing the validation of its potential as a prophylactic strategy.European Union's Seventh Framework Programme AQUAEXCEL (Aquaculture Infrastructures for Excellence in European Fish Research) [262336]; AQUAIMPROV [NORTE-07-0124-FEDER-000038]; North Portugal Regional Operational Programme (ON. 2 - O Novo Norte) , under the National Strategic Reference Framework, through the European Regional Development Fund; North Portugal Regional Operational Programme (ON. 2 - O Novo Norte), under the National Strategic Reference Framework through the COMPETE - Operational Competitiveness Programme; Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia; Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia [SFRH/BD/89457/2012, SFRH/BPD/77210/2011]; Generalitat Valenciana through the project REVIDPAQUA [ISIC/2012/003]; [PEst-C/MAR/LA0015/2013]; [UID/Multi/04423/2013]info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

A stroll through the loop-tree duality

The Loop-Tree Duality (LTD) theorem is an innovative technique to deal with multi-loop scattering amplitudes, leading to integrand-level representations over a Euclidean space. In this article, we review the last developments concerning this framework, focusing on the manifestly causal representation of multi-loop Feynman integrals and scattering amplitudes, and the definition of dual local counter-terms to cancel infrared singularities