Some notes about Arabic writing and Muslim documents of the moriscos of La Mancha before and after the expulsion

El uso del árabe (escrito o hablado) estuvo bastante extendido entre los moriscos de algunas regiones peninsulares, especialmente en los reinos de Valencia y Granada. Sin embargo, en Castilla, esa situación es más difícil de percibir, al menos hasta que se produce la llegada de los granadinos en 1571. El objetivo del presente trabajo es poner de manifiesto que los moriscos castellanos también hicieron uso de dicho idioma y leyeron y poseyeron libros, documentos y escritos prohibidos. Como resultado de dicha constatación, se pretende también observar cómo dicho uso tuvo una doble dimensión: primero, como vehículo de expresión religiosa; segundo, y sobre todo, como elemento de identificación y cohesión cultural.The use of the Arabic (written or spoken) was considerably extended to the Moriscos of some regions of the Iberian Peninsula, specially in the kingdoms of Valencia and Granada. Nevertheless, in Castile, this situation is hardly noticed, at least until the arrival of the Moriscos of the Kingdom of Granada in 1571. The aim of this paper is to highlight that the Moriscos of Castile also used the Arabic language and that they both read and owned forbidden books and documents. As a result of the above mentioned verification, we also observe how that already mentioned application had a double dimension: on the one hand, as a vehicle of religious expression; and, specially, on the other hand, as an element of cultural identification

Geograpy of the moorish expulsión. Approch to the analysis or heritage management and sale of the expelled moorism from the Growm of Castile

Artículo de la sección: Varia.La expulsión de los moriscos derivó en la puesta en marcha de un ambicioso y complejo proceso por medio del cual la Hacienda Real quedó como depositaria última de los bienes raíces de los moriscos que, hasta ese momento, habían estado asentados en territorios de realengo. En función de dicho proceso y al calor de las gestiones a realizar durante el mismo, el Consejo de Hacienda puso en marcha una complicada maquinaria burocrática con el objetivo de gestionar, administrar y subastar los bienes raíces de los expulsados. El presente artículo analiza las funciones y distribución de dichos funcionarios y pone en relación dicha distribución con respecto a la previa ubicación de las comunidades moriscas en Castilla.The expulsion of the moriscos produced the beginning of a pretentious and complex process in Castile. By this, the Royal Treasury was the owner of the Moriscos's real estate, previously settled in Castilian royal lands. Because of such process and in relation to this, the Treasury Council established a complicated bureaucratic system to manage and sale the Moriscos's properties. This paper analyses the duties and the distribution of these officials and connects them with previous location of Moriscos' comunities in Castile.Departamento de Historia Moderna y de América, Universidad de Granada

Algo más sobre los moriscos de Madrid

This paper analyses the morisco presence in Madrid and its region, and aims to contextualize the numerical and spatial distribution of the group as well as its collective features. Special attention has been given to the Villa y Corte, where the morisco presence acquired singular features, even after the expulsion of the group in 1609. Social relationships and religious behaviours have been analysed, apart from other aspects such as slavery, roles of the elite of moriscos, and events of solidarity and mobility. In order to do this, the author has reviewed notarial, economic, judicial and inquisitorial sources.El artículo analiza la presencia de los moriscos en Madrid y su comarca. Se persigue contextualizar numérica y geográficamente a dicha minoría socio-religiosa y conocer los rasgos generales del comportamiento colectivo del grupo. Especial atención ha merecido el caso concreto de la Villa y Corte, donde el fenómeno morisco adquirió características singulares, incluso después de la expulsión. Junto a las relaciones sociales y el comportamiento religioso, se analizan aspectos como la esclavitud, el papel de las elites y los fenómenos de solidaridad y movilidad. Para ello, el autor utiliza fuentes notariales, hacendísticas y, sobre todo, judiciales e inquisitoriales

Material culture in hidalgo households in La Mancha. Ciudad Real, 1585-1610

El artículo analiza los hábitos de vida de la nobleza castellana durante el tránsito de los siglos XVI al XVII. Para su redacción se ha tomado como ejemplo el caso de los hidalgos de Ciudad Real y se han empleado los contratos matrimoniales registrados ante notario y conservados en el Archivo Histórico Provincial de Ciudad Real. Su estudio ha permitido comprobar que la aristocracia local mantuvo intactos sus signos externos de comportamiento mientras que, poco a poco, modificó su conducta doméstica y sus prácticas culturales.This paper tries to analyse the Castilian nobility lifestyle between the XVIth and XVIIth centuries observing the particular case of Ciudad Real hidalgos. In order to obtain the necessary information, marriage dowries and marriage settlements included in notary’s protocols of Archivo Histórico Provincial of Ciudad Real have been analysed. Its main goal is to notice hidalgos’ marital strategies and to observe how they preserved their external signs of public behaviour while they gradually changed their cultural practices and material culture

Herramientas digitales para modernistas noveles. El TFG y los recursos en línea del MECD [Digital tools for beginners researchers in Modern History. The TFG and the on-line resources of the MECD]

ResumenEl empleo de fuentes primarias en los TFG de los Grados de Historia no es contemplado de igual manera en los planes de estudio de las universidades de nuestro país. Su uso no siempre está aceptado y, cuando se permite, es difícil de materializar debido al limitado bagaje investigador de los alumnos. Los autores estudian una vía complementaria que pone en contacto al estudiante de Historia (y al de Edad Moderna en particular) con los materiales de naturaleza primaria. Se trata de los recursos digitales del MECD. Su empleo en el TFG constituye una interesante vía de aproximación al uso de fuentes en la construcción del discurso histórico y a la adquisición de competencias profesionalizantes, preparando al alumno para su futuro laboral, no solo en el ejercicio de la investigación, sino también en la práctica de la archivística y la biblioteconomía.Palabras clave: Trabajo Fin de Grado; TIC; fuentes. AbstractThe use of primary sources in the Undergraduate Thesis Projects of History degrees is not considered in the same way in the curricula of the Spanish universities. Its use is not always accepted. Quite the opposite, when it is allowed, it can be difficult to materialize due to the limited student research background. The authors analyse an extra and supplementary way that put the student in touch with traditional primary documentary sources. Their proposal is in deal with the on line digital resources of the Spanish Ministry of Education and Culture. Its use in order to complete the Undergraduate Thesis Project is an interesting way to begin the use of documentary sources in the construction of historical discourse and contributes to preparing students for their future work, not only in research projects, but also in practice of archivists and librarianship.Keywords: Undergraduate Thesis Project; ICT; documentary sources

A proposal for teacher European Higher Education Area (EHEA): how to teach from interdisciplinarity. The power in the modern age (I)

En el nuevo contexto del Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior, se presentan los resultados obtenidos por los diez profesores responsables de un Proyecto de Innovación Docente auspiciado por la Universidad de Córdoba en los cursos 2007-2009. Concebido básicamente como una reflexión sobre el propio quehacer del docente, aquél se planteó cómo explicar el poder en la época Moderna desde distintas disciplinas y, sobre todo, cómo el alumnado, variado por cursos y nivel de formación, trabajó y valoró la propuesta. Metodología eminentemente práctica y apoyo en las nuevas tecnologías han permitido agilizar el estudio y considerar muy positiva la experiencia obtenida.In the new context of European Higher Education Area, we present the results obtained by the ten teachers responsible for a Teaching Innovation Project sponsored by the University of Córdoba in the courses from 2007 to 2009. Designed primarily as a reflection on the teacher's own work, one asked how to explain the power in modern times from different disciplines and, above all, how the students, courses and varied by level of education, worked and appreciated the proposal. Very practical methodology and support new technologies have allowed expedite the study and considered very positive experience

New discoveries of mud volcanoes on the Moroccan Atlantic continental margin (Gulf of Cádiz): morpho-structural characterization

10th International Conference on Gas in Marine Sediments, 6-11 September 2010, Listvyanka, RussiaDuring the MVSEIS-08 cruise of 2008, ten new mud volcanoes (MVs) were discovered on the offshore Moroccan continental margin (Gulf of Cádiz) at water depths between 750 and 1,600 m, using multibeam bathymetry, backscatter imagery, high-resolution seismic and gravity core data. Mud breccias were recovered in all cases, attesting to the nature of extrusion of these cones. The mud volcanoes are located in two fields: the MVSEIS, Moundforce, Pixie, Las Negras, Madrid, Guadix, Almanzor and El Cid MVs in the western Moroccan field, where mud volcanoes have long been suspected but to date not identified, and the Boabdil and Al Gacel MVs in the middle Moroccan field. Three main morphologies were observed: asymmetric, sub-circular and flat-topped cone-shaped types, this being the first report of asymmetric morphologies in the Gulf of Cádiz. Based on morpho-structural analysis, the features are interpreted to result from (1) repeated constructive (expulsion of fluid mud mixtures) and destructive (gravity-induced collapse and submarine landsliding) episodes and (2) interaction with bottom currentsDivisión de Geología Marina, Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, EspañaCentro Oceanográfico de Málaga, Instituto Español de Oceanografía, EspañaFacultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad de Cádiz, EspañaFacultad de Ciencias Geológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Españ

Population-based multicase-control study in common tumors in Spain (MCC-Spain): rationale and study design

Introduction: We present the protocol of a large population-based case-control study of 5 common tumors in Spain (MCC-Spain) that evaluates environmental exposures and genetic factors. Methods: Between 2008-2013, 10,183 persons aged 20-85 years were enrolled in 23 hospitals and primary care centres in 12 Spanish provinces including 1,115 cases of a new diagnosis of prostate cancer, 1,750 of breast cancer, 2,171 of colorectal cancer, 492 of gastro-oesophageal cancer, 554 cases of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) and 4,101 population-based controls matched by frequency to cases by age, sex and region of residence. Participation rates ranged from 57% (stomach cancer) to 87% (CLL cases) and from 30% to 77% in controls. Participants completed a face-to-face computerized interview on sociodemographic factors, environmental exposures, occupation, medication, lifestyle, and personal and family medical history. In addition, participants completed a self-administered food-frequency questionnaire and telephone interviews. Blood samples were collected from 76% of participants while saliva samples were collected in CLL cases and participants refusing blood extractions. Clinical information was recorded for cases and paraffin blocks and/or fresh tumor samples are available in most collaborating hospitals. Genotyping was done through an exome array enriched with genetic markers in specific pathways. Multiple analyses are planned to assess the association of environmental, personal and genetic risk factors for each tumor and to identify pleiotropic effects. Discussion: This study, conducted within the Spanish Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), is a unique initiative to evaluate etiological factors for common cancers and will promote cancer research and prevention in Spain.The study was partially funded by the “Accion Transversal del Cancer”, approved on the Spanish Ministry Council on the 11th October 2007, by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III-FEDER (PI08/1770, PI08/0533, PI08/1359, PS09/00773, PS09/01286, PS09/01903, PS09/02078, PS09/01662, PI11/01403, PI11/01889, PI11/00226, PI11/01810, PI11/02213, PI12/00488, PI12/00265, PI12/01270, PI12/00715, PI12/00150), by the Fundación Marqués de Valdecilla (API 10/09), by the ICGC International Cancer Genome Consortium CLL, by the Junta de Castilla y León (LE22A10-2), by the Consejería de Salud of the Junta de Andalucía (PI-0571), by the Conselleria de Sanitat of the Generalitat Valenciana (AP 061/10), by the Recercaixa (2010ACUP 00310), by the Regional Government of the Basque Country by European Commission grants FOOD-CT- 2006-036224-HIWATE, by the Spanish Association Against Cancer (AECC) Scientific Foundation, by the The Catalan Government DURSI grant 2009SGR1489

The evolution of the ventilatory ratio is a prognostic factor in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 ARDS patients

Background: Mortality due to COVID-19 is high, especially in patients requiring mechanical ventilation. The purpose of the study is to investigate associations between mortality and variables measured during the first three days of mechanical ventilation in patients with COVID-19 intubated at ICU admission. Methods: Multicenter, observational, cohort study includes consecutive patients with COVID-19 admitted to 44 Spanish ICUs between February 25 and July 31, 2020, who required intubation at ICU admission and mechanical ventilation for more than three days. We collected demographic and clinical data prior to admission; information about clinical evolution at days 1 and 3 of mechanical ventilation; and outcomes. Results: Of the 2,095 patients with COVID-19 admitted to the ICU, 1,118 (53.3%) were intubated at day 1 and remained under mechanical ventilation at day three. From days 1 to 3, PaO2/FiO2 increased from 115.6 [80.0-171.2] to 180.0 [135.4-227.9] mmHg and the ventilatory ratio from 1.73 [1.33-2.25] to 1.96 [1.61-2.40]. In-hospital mortality was 38.7%. A higher increase between ICU admission and day 3 in the ventilatory ratio (OR 1.04 [CI 1.01-1.07], p = 0.030) and creatinine levels (OR 1.05 [CI 1.01-1.09], p = 0.005) and a lower increase in platelet counts (OR 0.96 [CI 0.93-1.00], p = 0.037) were independently associated with a higher risk of death. No association between mortality and the PaO2/FiO2 variation was observed (OR 0.99 [CI 0.95 to 1.02], p = 0.47). Conclusions: Higher ventilatory ratio and its increase at day 3 is associated with mortality in patients with COVID-19 receiving mechanical ventilation at ICU admission. No association was found in the PaO2/FiO2 variation