70 research outputs found
Taking the Series LLC Seriously: Why States Should Adopt This Innovative Business Form
Article published in the Michigan State Journal of Business and Securities Law
The Bolocam Galactic Plane Survey: Survey Description and Data Reduction
We present the Bolocam Galactic Plane Survey (BGPS), a 1.1 mm continuum
survey at 33" effective resolution of 170 square degrees of the Galactic Plane
visible from the northern hemisphere. The survey is contiguous over the range
-10.5 < l < 90.5, |b| < 0.5 and encompasses 133 square degrees, including some
extended regions |b| < 1.5. In addition to the contiguous region, four targeted
regions in the outer Galaxy were observed: IC1396, a region towards the Perseus
Arm, W3/4/5, and Gem OB1. The BGPS has detected approximately 8400 clumps over
the entire area to a limiting non-uniform 1-sigma noise level in the range 11
to 53 mJy/beam in the inner Galaxy. The BGPS source catalog is presented in a
companion paper (Rosolowsky et al. 2010). This paper details the survey
observations and data reduction methods for the images. We discuss in detail
the determination of astrometric and flux density calibration uncertainties and
compare our results to the literature. Data processing algorithms that separate
astronomical signals from time-variable atmospheric fluctuations in the data
time-stream are presented. These algorithms reproduce the structure of the
astronomical sky over a limited range of angular scales and produce artifacts
in the vicinity of bright sources. Based on simulations, we find that extended
emission on scales larger than about 5.9' is nearly completely attenuated (>
90%) and the linear scale at which the attenuation reaches 50% is 3.8'.
Comparison with other millimeter-wave data sets implies a possible systematic
offset in flux calibration, for which no cause has been discovered. This
presentation serves as a companion and guide to the public data release through
NASA's Infrared Processing and Analysis Center (IPAC) Infrared Science Archive
(IRSA). New data releases will be provided through IPAC IRSA with any future
improvements in the reduction.Comment: Accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal Supplemen
The Bolocam Galactic Plane Survey IV: 1.1 and 0.35 mm Dust Continuum Emission in the Galactic Center Region
The Bolocam Galactic Plane Survey (BGPS) data for a six square degree region
of the Galactic plane containing the Galactic center is analyzed and compared
to infrared and radio continuum data. The BGPS 1.1 mm emission consists of
clumps interconnected by a network of fainter filaments surrounding cavities, a
few of which are filled with diffuse near-IR emission indicating the presence
of warm dust or with radio continuum characteristic of HII regions or supernova
remnants. New 350 {\mu}m images of the environments of the two brightest
regions, Sgr A and B, are presented. Sgr B2 is the brightest mm-emitting clump
in the Central Molecular Zone and may be forming the closest analog to a super
star cluster in the Galaxy. The Central Molecular Zone (CMZ) contains the
highest concentration of mm and sub-mm emitting dense clumps in the Galaxy.
Most 1.1 mm features at positive longitudes are seen in silhouette against the
3.6 to 24 {\mu}m background observed by the Spitzer Space Telescope. However,
only a few clumps at negative longitudes are seen in absorption, confirming the
hypothesis that positive longitude clumps in the CMZ tend to be on the
near-side of the Galactic center, consistent with the suspected orientation of
the central bar in our Galaxy. Some 1.1 mm cloud surfaces are seen in emission
at 8 {\mu}m, presumably due to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). A
~0.2\degree (~30 pc) diameter cavity and infrared bubble between l \approx
0.0\degree and 0.2\degree surrounds the Arches and Quintuplet clusters and Sgr
A. The bubble contains several clumpy dust filaments that point toward Sgr
A\ast; its potential role in their formation is explored. [abstract truncated]Comment: 76 pages, 22 figures, published in ApJ:
http://iopscience.iop.org/0004-637X/721/1/137
Enigmatic presence of mitochondrial complex I in Trypanosoma brucei bloodstream forms
The presence of mitochondrial respiratory complex I in the pathogenic bloodstream stages of Trypanosoma brucei has been vigorously debated: increased expression of mitochondrially encoded functional complex I mRNAs is countered by low levels of enzymatic activity that show marginal inhibition by the specific inhibitor rotenone. We now show that epitope-tagged versions of multiple complex I subunits assemble into α and ÎČ subcomplexes in the bloodstream stage and that these subcomplexes require the mitochondrial genome for their assembly. Despite the presence of these large (740- and 855-kDa) multisubunit complexes, the electron transport activity of complex I is not essential under experimental conditions since null mutants of two core genes (NUBM and NUKM) showed no growth defect in vitro or in mouse infection. Furthermore, the null mutants showed no decrease in NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase activity, suggesting that the observed activity is not contributed by complex I. This work conclusively shows that despite the synthesis and assembly of subunit proteins, the enzymatic function of the largest respiratory complex is neither significant nor important in the bloodstream stage. This situation appears to be in striking contrast to that for the other respiratory complexes in this parasite, where physical presence in a life-cycle stage always indicates functional significance
Cross-cutting principles for planetary health education
Since the 2015 launch of the Rockefeller Foundation Lancet Commission on planetary health,1 an enormous groundswell of interest in planetary health education has emerged across many disciplines, institutions, and geographical regions. Advancing these global efforts in planetary health education will equip the next generation of scholars to address crucial questions in this emerging field and support the development of a community of practice. To provide a foundation for the growing interest and efforts in this field, the Planetary Health Alliance has facilitated the first attempt to create a set of principles for planetary health education that intersect education at all levels, across all scales, and in all regions of the worldâie, a set of cross-cutting principles
The Helicobacter pylori Genome Project : insights into H. pylori population structure from analysis of a worldwide collection of complete genomes
Helicobacter pylori, a dominant member of the gastric microbiota, shares co-evolutionary history with humans. This has led to the development of genetically distinct H. pylori subpopulations associated with the geographic origin of the host and with differential gastric disease risk. Here, we provide insights into H. pylori population structure as a part of the Helicobacter pylori Genome Project (HpGP), a multi-disciplinary initiative aimed at elucidating H. pylori pathogenesis and identifying new therapeutic targets. We collected 1011 well-characterized clinical strains from 50 countries and generated high-quality genome sequences. We analysed core genome diversity and population structure of the HpGP dataset and 255 worldwide reference genomes to outline the ancestral contribution to Eurasian, African, and American populations. We found evidence of substantial contribution of population hpNorthAsia and subpopulation hspUral in Northern European H. pylori. The genomes of H. pylori isolated from northern and southern Indigenous Americans differed in that bacteria isolated in northern Indigenous communities were more similar to North Asian H. pylori while the southern had higher relatedness to hpEastAsia. Notably, we also found a highly clonal yet geographically dispersed North American subpopulation, which is negative for the cag pathogenicity island, and present in 7% of sequenced US genomes. We expect the HpGP dataset and the corresponding strains to become a major asset for H. pylori genomics
ROLE OF NITRIC OXIDE IN IMPAIRED CORONARY CIRCULATION AND IMPROVEMENT BY ANGIOTENSIN II RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST IN SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE RATS
Henkilökierto osaamisen kehittÀmisen menetelmÀnÀ : case: Lounais-Suomen verotoimisto
TÀmÀ opinnÀytetyö tutkii henkilökierron kÀyttÀmistÀ osaamisen kehittÀmisen menetelmÀnÀ. OpinnÀytetyön tavoitteena on tutkia, miten nykyistÀ henkilökiertomallia voisi kehittÀÀ ja miten siitÀ saa mahdollisimman hyvÀn oppimiskokemuksen työntekijÀlle. Samalla tutkitaan tapoja saada analysoitua tietoa henkilökierron toimivuudesta tÀllÀ hetkellÀ. Tutkimuksessa kehitetÀÀn Lounais-Suomen verotoimiston olemassa olevaa henkilökiertomallia, jonka avulla voidaan lisÀtÀ henkilökiertoa oppimisen vÀlineenÀ ja varautua tulevaisuuden työkuvan muutoksiin.
Tutkimuksessa haluttiin löytÀÀ tÀllÀ hetkellÀ hyvin toimivia ja kehitettÀviÀ osia henkilökiertomallista. Tietoa kerÀttiin teemahaastattelun muodossa. Teemahaastattelulla saatiin yksityiskohtaista tietoa henkilökierron nykytilasta ja mahdollisuuksista.
Tutkimustulokset osoittivat, ettÀ nykyinen henkilökiertomalli on hyvÀ, mutta sitÀ kÀytetÀÀn hyvin vÀhÀn. Toimintamallissa on jo nyt paljon hyvÀÀ, mutta henkilökiertoa on vain vÀhÀisissÀ mÀÀrin Lounais-Suomen verotoimistossa. Tuloksissa esitetÀÀn uusi, paranneltu henkilökiertomalli sekÀ toimintaehdotuksia osaamisen kehittÀmiseen yleisesti.This thesis studies job rotation as a human resource development method. The aim of this study was to investigate, how we can develop the current model for job rotation and how we can make it the best learning experience employee can have. At the same time was examined ways to get analyzed information about job rotation and its functions currently
There is a job rotation model that exists now and with it can be job rotation added as a learning method and be prepared with several changes in employeesâ job descriptions in the future.
In the study was crucial to find the things that work now and the things that should be developed in the job circulation model at the moment. Information was gathered in the form of theme interview. Using theme interview was gained some detailed information about how the circulation model works now and what are its possibilities in the future.
One of the objectives indicate, that the current model for job circulation works, but it is not used very much at the moment. There are a lot of good qualities in the model, but in the Southwest Finlandâs Tax Office is very small amount job rotation at the moment. Research results reveal a new, improved model for job circulation and ideas for human resource development in general
Fixed-dose combination of nifedipine gastrointestinal therapeutic system and candesartan cilexetil in patients with moderate-to-severe essential hypertension: an open-label, long-term safety and efficacy study
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