A carboxyl-terminal interaction of lamin B1 is dependent on the CAAX endoprotease Rce1 and carboxymethylation

The mammalian nuclear lamina protein lamin B1 is posttranslationally modified by farnesylation, endoproteolysis, and carboxymethylation at a carboxyl-terminal CAAX motif. In this work, we demonstrate that the CAAX endoprotease Rce1 is required for lamin B1 endoproteolysis, demonstrate an independent pool of proteolyzed but nonmethylated lamin B1, as well as fully processed lamin B1, in interphase nuclei, and show a role for methylation in the organization of lamin B1 into domains of the nuclear lamina. Deficiency in the endoproteolysis or methylation of lamin B1 results in loss of integrity and deformity of the nuclear lamina. These data show that the organization of the nuclear envelope and lamina is dependent on a mechanism involving the methylation of lamin B1, and they identify a potential mechanism of laminopathy involving a B-type lamin

Prospectus, September 22, 1982

STUDENT VOTE SHOULD BE EXERCISED; News Digest; Election candidates present platforms; Children\u27s theater group performs new play; College remark causes reaction; Annex gets approval; C-U Happenings…; Club designed for business students; Bike is victim of \u27dastardly deed\u27; Microprecision department one of few in U.S.; Hough now teaches class; Community Calendar; Classified; Problem lyrics can\u27t overshadow great music; Hot Country Singles; TV season may bring surprises; TH\u27s delight CU at AH; Abbey\u27s job has variety; White leads for Parkland; ISU transfer looks like an asset; Fast Freddy Contesthttps://spark.parkland.edu/prospectus_1982/1010/thumbnail.jp

Measurement properties of tools used to assess depression in adults with and without Autism Spectrum Conditions: a systematic review

Depression is the most commonly experienced mental health condition in adults with Autism Spectrum Conditions (ASC). However, it is unclear what tools are currently being used to assess depression in ASC, or whether tools need to be adapted for this group. This systematic review therefore aimed to identify tools used to assess depression in adults with and without ASC, and then evaluate these tools for their appropriateness and measurement properties. Medline, PsychINFO and Web of Knowledge were searched for studies of depression in: a) adults with ASC, without co-morbid intellectual disability; and b) adults from the general population without co-morbid conditions. Articles examining the measurement properties of these tools were then searched for using a methodological filter in PubMed, and the quality of the evidence was evaluated using the COSMIN checklist. Twelve articles were identified which utilised three tools to assess depression in adults with ASC, but only one article which assessed the measurement properties of one of these tools was identified and thus evaluated. Sixty-five articles were identified which utilised five tools to assess depression in general population adults, and 14 articles had assessed the measurement properties of these tools. Overall, two tools were found to be robust in their measurement properties in the general population – the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Crucially only one study was identified from the COSMIN search, which showed weak evidence in support of the measurement properties of the BDI-II in an ASC sample. Implications for effective measurement of depression in ASC are discussed

Multidisciplinary Observing in the World Ocean’s Oxygen Minimum Zone Regions: From Climate to Fish — The VOICE Initiative

Multidisciplinary ocean observing activities provide critical ocean information to satisfy ever-changing socioeconomic needs and require coordinated implementation. The upper oxycline (transition between high and low oxygen waters) is fundamentally important for the ecosystem structure and can be a useful proxy for multiple observing objectives connected to eastern boundary systems (EBSs) that neighbor oxygen minimum zones (OMZs). The variability of the oxycline and its impact on the ecosystem (VOICE) initiative demonstrates how societal benefits drive the need for integration and optimization of biological, biogeochemical, and physical components of regional ocean observing related to EBS. In liaison with the Global Ocean Oxygen Network, VOICE creates a roadmap toward observation-model syntheses for a comprehensive understanding of selected oxycline-dependent objectives. Local to global effects, such as habitat compression or deoxygenation trends, prompt for comprehensive observing of the oxycline on various space and time scales, and for an increased awareness of its impact on ecosystem services. Building on the Framework for Ocean Observing (FOO), we present a first readiness level assessment for ocean observing of the oxycline in EBS. This was to determine current ocean observing design and future needs in EBS regions (e.g., the California Current System, the Equatorial Eastern Pacific off Ecuador, the Peru–Chile Current system, the Northern Benguela off Namibia, etc.) building on the FOO strategy. We choose regional champions to assess the ocean observing design elements proposed in the FOO, namely, requirement processes, coordination of observational elements, and data management and information products and the related best practices. The readiness level for the FOO elements was derived for each EBS through a similar and very general ad hoc questionnaire. Despite some weaknesses in the questionnaire design and its completion, an assessment was achievable. We found that fisheries and ecosystem management are a societal requirement for all regions, but maturity levels of observational elements and data management and information products differ substantially. Identification of relevant stakeholders, developing strategies for readiness level improvements, and building and sustaining infrastructure capacity to implement these strategies are fundamental milestones for the VOICE initiative over the next 2–5 years and beyond

A carboxyl-terminal interaction of lamin B1 is dependent on the CAAX endoprotease Rce1 and carboxymethylation.

The mammalian nuclear lamina protein lamin B1 is posttranslationally modified by farnesylation, endoproteolysis, and carboxymethylation at a carboxyl-terminal CAAX motif. In this work, we demonstrate that the CAAX endoprotease Rce1 is required for lamin B1 endoproteolysis, demonstrate an independent pool of proteolyzed but nonmethylated lamin B1, as well as fully processed lamin B1, in interphase nuclei, and show a role for methylation in the organization of lamin B1 into domains of the nuclear lamina. Deficiency in the endoproteolysis or methylation of lamin B1 results in loss of integrity and deformity of the nuclear lamina. These data show that the organization of the nuclear envelope and lamina is dependent on a mechanism involving the methylation of lamin B1, and they identify a potential mechanism of laminopathy involving a B-type lamin

What Is <em>Candida</em> Doing in My Food? A Review and Safety Alert on Its Use as Starter Cultures in Fermented Foods

The use of yeasts as starter cultures was boosted with the emergence of large-scale fermentations in the 20th century. Since then, Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been the most common and widely used microorganism in the food industry. However, Candida species have also been used as an adjuvant in cheese production or as starters for coffee, cocoa, vegetable, meat, beer, and wine fermentations. A thorough screening of candidate Candida is sometimes performed to obtain the best performing strains to enhance specific features. Some commonly selected species include C. pulcherrima (teleomorph Metschnikowia pulcherrima) (wine), C. parapsilosis (teleomorph Monilia parapsilosis) (coffee), C. famata (teleomorph Debaryomyces hansenii) (cheese), and C. zeylanoides (teleomorph Kurtzmaniella zeylanoides) and C. norvegensis (teleomorph Pichia norvegensis) (cocoa). These species are associated with the production of key metabolites (food aroma formation) and different enzymes. However, safety-associated selection criteria are often neglected. It is widely known that some Candida species are opportunistic human pathogens, with important clinical relevance. Here, the physiology and metabolism of Candida species are addressed, initially emphasizing their clinical aspects and potential pathogenicity. Then, Candida species used in food fermentations and their functional roles are reported. We recommended that Candida not be used as food cultures if safety assessments are not performed. Some safety features are highlighted to help researchers choose methods and selection criteria