Acercamientos teórico-metodológicos para el estudio de las áreas naturales protegidas (pdf)

En esta publicación se reúne una serie de trabajos de investigadores afiliados a la RILACREB que, desde diversos campos disciplinarios abordan la gestión de las Áreas Naturales Protegidas (ANP). Su objetivo es contribuir tanto en la investigación como en la docencia, además de apoyar las tareas de organizaciones sociales y profesionales que laboran en el área operativa de las ANP

Examination of the Feynman-Hibbs Approach in the Study of NeN_N-Coronene Clusters at Low Temperatures

Feynman-Hibbs (FH) effective potentials constitute an appealing approach for investigations of many-body systems at thermal equilibrium since they allow us to easily include quantum corrections within standard classical simulations. In this work we apply the FH formulation to the study of Ne$_N$-coronene clusters ($N=$ 1-4, 14) in the 2-14 K temperature range. Quadratic (FH2) and quartic (FH4) contributions to the effective potentials are built upon Ne-Ne and Ne-coronene analytical potentials. In particular, a new corrected expression for the FH4 effective potential is reported. FH2 and FH4 cluster energies and structures -obtained from energy optimization through a basin-hoping algorithm as well as classical Monte Carlo simulations- are reported and compared with reference path integral Monte Carlo calculations. For temperatures $T> 4$ K, both FH2 and FH4 potentials are able to correct the purely classical calculations in a consistent way. However, the FH approach fails at lower temperatures, especially the quartic correction. It is thus crucial to assess the range of applicability of this formulation and, in particular, to apply the FH4 potentials with great caution. A simple model of $N$ isotropic harmonic oscillators allows us to propose a means of estimating the cut-off temperature for the validity of the method, which is found to increase with the number of atoms adsorbed on the coronene molecule

Informe automático y análisis de reproducibilidad de experimentos proteómicos cualitativos mediante la herramienta "MIAPE extractor"

Comunicaciones a congreso

Efectividad del consejo médico a pacientes alcohólicos y bebedores excesivos atendidos en consultas de atención primaria

ObjetivoComprobar la efectividad del consejo médico antialcohólico que se da en las consultas de atención primaria.DiseñoEstudio cuasi-experimental de tipo «antes-después», abierto, multicéntrico.EmplazamientoCatorce consultas médicas de atención primaria (7 rurales y 7 urbanas) de la provincia de Córdoba (España).ParticipantesUn total de 306 pacientes de ambos sexos, captados mediante búsqueda de casos, que presentaban un consumo de alcohol ≥ 35 (varones) y 21 (mujeres) U a la semana, y/o síndrome de dependencia alcohólica (SDA) (MALTS-O ≥ 11).IntervencionesA todos se les ofreció consejo médico breve antialcohólico y se les hizo un seguimiento para valoración de su estado a los 3 meses, 1 y 2 años.Mediciones principalesLa variable de respuesta fue la suma del consumo autorreferido, más valores normales de GGT, y la confirmación del familiar. El análisis del estudio fue por «intención de tratar».ResultadosDe los 306 pacientes incluidos, en un 95,1% de los casos se trataba de varones y un 78,4% presentaba SDA. Al cabo de 2 años, el 38,89% (IC del 95%, 32,2-44,3%) había alcanzado el objetivo terapéutico: un 23,85% se encontraba en abstinencia total y el 15,0% presentaba un consumo moderado de alcohol, por debajo del límite de riesgo. El comienzo del consumo excesivo antes de los 16 años (odds ratio [OR], 3,0885), vivir en un barrio marginal (OR, 3,2103), consumir tabaco (OR, 1,7187) y un test de CAGE positivo (OR, 1,9949) se asociaron al fracaso de la intervención (p < 0,05).ConclusionesSe demuestra la alta efectividad del consejo antialcohólico impartido por el médico de familia en condiciones habituales de consulta, tanto en bebedores excesivos como en aquellos con SDA.AimTo determine the effectiveness of medical counseling for alcohol abuse, when it is provided in primary care centers.DesignQuasi-experimental, open, multicenter before-after study.Setting14 primary care physician's practices (7 rural, 7 urban) in the province of Córdoba (Spain).Participants306 patients of both sexes, recruited with a case-finding strategy, who consumed ≥35 (men) or ≥21 (women) IU per week, or who had alcohol dependence syndrome (ADS) (MALTS score O≥11).InterventionsAll patients were offered brief counseling to reduce drinking, and all were followed to evaluate their status 3 months, 1 year and 2 years later.Main measuresThe response variable was selfreported alcohol consumption together with normal GGT values or confirmation of alcohol consumption by a relative. The results were subjected to intention-to-treat analysis.ResultsOf the 306 patients included in the study, 95.1% were men and 78.4% had ADS. After 2 years 38.89% (95% CI, 32.2%-44.3%) had attained their treatment goal: 23.85% were in complete abstinence, and 15.0% consumed moderate amounts of alcohol below the limit considered to indicate risk. Starting excessive consumption at less than 16 years of age (odds ratio [OR], 3.0885), living in a slum (OR, 3.2103), smoking (OR, 1.7187), and a positive CAGE test (OR, 1.9949) were associated with failure of the intervention (P<.05).ConclusionsCounseling provided by the family doctor was highly effective under the usual conditions of general practice, both for patients with excessive alcohol consumption and for patients with con ADS

Más allá de la comercialización de hongos comestibles silvestres en la comunidad de San Antonio Acahualco, México

Objective: Analyze the ecological-cultural context of wild edible mushrooms in a community in central Mexico. Design, methodology and approximation: A semi-structured interview was applied to people who possess traditional knowledge regarding wild mushrooms. The cultural importance index, priority conservation index and logistic regression were calculated. Results: 17 species of wild edible mushrooms are important culturally. 27 mushroom dishes are eaten from June to October. 5 species have an average sale of 50 to 80 kilos per day, 3 of them have a high cultural importance index and priority conservation index. The priority conservation index showed that 7 wild species are under pressure by 12 anthropic activities and with this the reduction of diversity food. Limitations and implications: This is a particular case study so that the scope of its results is limited to establish descriptive statements for the study area. Findings and conclusions: It is concluded that the culture is strongly related to the forest ecosystem and time for the welfare of the human being.Objetivo: Analizar el contexto ecológico-cultural de los hongos comestibles silvestres en una comunidad del centro de México. Diseño, metodología y aproximación: Se aplicó una entrevista semiestructurada a personas que poseen el conocimiento tradicional con respecto a hongos silvestres. Se calcularon el índice de importancia cultural (Cls), índice de conservación prioritaria (IPC) y regresión logística. Resultados: &nbsp;17 especies de hongos comestibles silvestres son importantes a nivel cultural. 27 platillos de hongos se degustan de junio a octubre. 5 especies tienen un promedio de venta de 50 a 80 kilos por día, 3 de ellas tienen un alto IPC y Cls, El índice de conservación prioritaria evidenció que 7 especies silvestres están bajo presión por 12 actividades antrópicas y con esto la reducción de la diversidad de alimentos. Limitaciones e implicaciones: Se trata de un estudio de caso particular por lo que el alcance de sus resultados se limita a establecer afirmaciones descriptivas de la unidad de observación. Hallazgos y conclusiones: Se concluye que la cultura está fuertemente relacionada con el ecosistema forestal y el tiempo para el bienestar del ser humano

Long-range pollution transport during the MILAGRO-2006 campaign: a case study of a major Mexico City outflow event using free-floating altitude-controlled balloons

One of the major objectives of the Megacities Initiative: Local And Global Research Observations (MILAGRO-2006) campaign was to investigate the long-range transport of polluted Mexico City Metropolitan Area (MCMA) outflow and determine its downwind impacts on air quality and climate. Six research aircraft, including the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) C-130, made extensive chemical, aerosol, and radiation measurements above MCMA and more than 1000 km downwind in order to characterize the evolution of the outflow as it aged and dispersed over the Mesa Alta, Sierra Madre Oriental, Coastal Plain, and Gulf of Mexico. As part of this effort, free-floating Controlled-Meteorological (CMET) balloons, commanded to change altitude via satellite, made repeated profile measurements of winds and state variables within the advecting outflow. In this paper, we present an analysis of the data from two CMET balloons that were launched near Mexico City on the afternoon of 18 March 2006 and floated downwind with the MCMA pollution for nearly 30 h. The repeating profile measurements show the evolving structure of the outflow in considerable detail: its stability and stratification, interaction with other air masses, mixing episodes, and dispersion into the regional background. Air parcel trajectories, computed directly from the balloon wind profiles, show three transport pathways on 18–19 March: (a) high-altitude advection of the top of the MCMA mixed layer, (b) mid-level outflow over the Sierra Madre Oriental followed by decoupling and isolated transport over the Gulf of Mexico, and (c) low-level outflow with entrainment into a cleaner northwesterly jet above the Coastal Plain. The C-130 aircraft intercepted the balloon-based trajectories three times on 19 March, once along each of these pathways; in all three cases, peaks in urban tracer concentrations and LIDAR backscatter are consistent with MCMA pollution. In comparison with the transport models used in the campaign, the balloon-based trajectories appear to shear the outflow far more uniformly and decouple it from the surface, thus forming a thin but expansive polluted layer over the Gulf of Mexico that is well aligned with the aircraft observations. These results provide critical context for the extensive aircraft measurements made during the 18–19 March MCMA outflow event and may have broader implications for modelling and understanding long-range transport

Análisis del efecto antibacteriano del chile (Capsicum annuum spp) y el epazote (Chenopudium ambrosioides) utilizados en la elaboración del queso botanero

El queso botanero que se produce en el noreste del Estado de México, se caracteriza porque se elabora con leche cruda, lo que representa un riesgo en cuanto a su calidad higiénico-sanitaria. Se presenta solo o se le adiciona chile cuaresmeño fresco y epazote o chile chipotle. A estos condimentos se les han asociado propiedades bactericidas y bacteriostáticas. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar si los condimentos adicionados al queso botanero, influyen en los conteos de unidades formadoras de colonia (UFC) de lactobacillus, coliformes totales (COL), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) y levaduras (LEV), y el pH (características fisicoquímicas) de las variedades de queso botanero analizadas. El estudio se realizó en una quesería de tipo familiar del noreste del Estado de México (método de invitación). Se realizó el conteo de Lactobacillus, COL, S. aureus y LEV, los recuentos fueron superiores a los permitidos para COL (100 UFC/g y 10,000 UFC/g), S. aureus (1,000 UFC/g y 100 UFC/g) y LEV (500 UFC/g). Los condimentos adicionados al queso artesanal modifican los conteos de UFC/g, pero no los disminuyen a valores permitidos por la normativida

Multitemporal monitoring of plant area index in the Valencia Rice District with PocketLAI

Leaf area index (LAI) is a key biophysical parameter used to determine foliage cover and crop growth in environmental studies in order to assess crop yield. Frequently, plant canopy analyzers (LAI-2000) and digital cameras for hemispherical photography (DHP) are used for indirect effective plant area index (PAIeff ) estimates. Nevertheless, these instruments are expensive and have the disadvantages of low portability and maintenance. Recently, a smartphone app called PocketLAI was presented and tested for acquiring PAIeff measurements. It was used during an entire rice season for indirect PAIeff estimations and for deriving reference high-resolution PAIeff maps. Ground PAIeff values acquired with PocketLAI, LAI-2000, and DHP were well correlated (R2 = 0.95, RMSE = 0.21 m2/m2 for Licor-2000, and R2 = 0.94, RMSE = 0.6 m2/m2 for DHP). Complementary data such as phenology and leaf chlorophyll content were acquired to complement seasonal rice plant information provided by PAIeff. High-resolution PAIeff maps, which can be used for the validation of remote sensing products, have been derived using a global transfer function (TF) made of several measuring dates and their associated satellite radiances