Sin / Sense

Sexto desafío por la erradicación de la violencia contra las mujeres del Institut Universitari d’Estudis Feministes i de Gènere «Purificación Escribano» de la Universitat Jaume

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality

Effectiveness of an intervention for improving drug prescription in primary care patients with multimorbidity and polypharmacy:Study protocol of a cluster randomized clinical trial (Multi-PAP project)

This study was funded by the Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias ISCIII (Grant Numbers PI15/00276, PI15/00572, PI15/00996), REDISSEC (Project Numbers RD12/0001/0012, RD16/0001/0005), and the European Regional Development Fund ("A way to build Europe").Background: Multimorbidity is associated with negative effects both on people's health and on healthcare systems. A key problem linked to multimorbidity is polypharmacy, which in turn is associated with increased risk of partly preventable adverse effects, including mortality. The Ariadne principles describe a model of care based on a thorough assessment of diseases, treatments (and potential interactions), clinical status, context and preferences of patients with multimorbidity, with the aim of prioritizing and sharing realistic treatment goals that guide an individualized management. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a complex intervention that implements the Ariadne principles in a population of young-old patients with multimorbidity and polypharmacy. The intervention seeks to improve the appropriateness of prescribing in primary care (PC), as measured by the medication appropriateness index (MAI) score at 6 and 12months, as compared with usual care. Methods/Design: Design:pragmatic cluster randomized clinical trial. Unit of randomization: family physician (FP). Unit of analysis: patient. Scope: PC health centres in three autonomous communities: Aragon, Madrid, and Andalusia (Spain). Population: patients aged 65-74years with multimorbidity (≥3 chronic diseases) and polypharmacy (≥5 drugs prescribed in ≥3months). Sample size: n=400 (200 per study arm). Intervention: complex intervention based on the implementation of the Ariadne principles with two components: (1) FP training and (2) FP-patient interview. Outcomes: MAI score, health services use, quality of life (Euroqol 5D-5L), pharmacotherapy and adherence to treatment (Morisky-Green, Haynes-Sackett), and clinical and socio-demographic variables. Statistical analysis: primary outcome is the difference in MAI score between T0 and T1 and corresponding 95% confidence interval. Adjustment for confounding factors will be performed by multilevel analysis. All analyses will be carried out in accordance with the intention-to-treat principle. Discussion: It is essential to provide evidence concerning interventions on PC patients with polypharmacy and multimorbidity, conducted in the context of routine clinical practice, and involving young-old patients with significant potential for preventing negative health outcomes. Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT02866799Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

Plasma lipid profiles discriminate bacterial from viral infection in febrile children

Fever is the most common reason that children present to Emergency Departments. Clinical signs and symptoms suggestive of bacterial infection are often non-specific, and there is no definitive test for the accurate diagnosis of infection. The 'omics' approaches to identifying biomarkers from the host-response to bacterial infection are promising. In this study, lipidomic analysis was carried out with plasma samples obtained from febrile children with confirmed bacterial infection (n = 20) and confirmed viral infection (n = 20). We show for the first time that bacterial and viral infection produces distinct profile in the host lipidome. Some species of glycerophosphoinositol, sphingomyelin, lysophosphatidylcholine and cholesterol sulfate were higher in the confirmed virus infected group, while some species of fatty acids, glycerophosphocholine, glycerophosphoserine, lactosylceramide and bilirubin were lower in the confirmed virus infected group when compared with confirmed bacterial infected group. A combination of three lipids achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of 0.911 (95% CI 0.81 to 0.98). This pilot study demonstrates the potential of metabolic biomarkers to assist clinicians in distinguishing bacterial from viral infection in febrile children, to facilitate effective clinical management and to the limit inappropriate use of antibiotics

Plasma lipid profiles discriminate bacterial from viral infection in febrile children

Fever is the most common reason that children present to Emergency Departments. Clinical signs and symptoms suggestive of bacterial infection ar

Influencia de la intensidad de iluminación en el crecimiento de Chlorella Pyrenoidosa

p. 301-311Dirección General de Universidades e Investigación la concesión de una Beca de Formación del Personal Investigador durante el periodo 1976-79 que ha posibilitado la realización del presente trabajo.Universidad de Granada. Departamento de Ingeniería Químic

La tienda como proyecto global Loewe en Valencia

Entre los años 1959 y 1966 Javier Carvajal tuvo un papel decisivo en la casa Loewe, materializando a través de sus espacios el cambio que buscaba la firma. Se construyeron trece nuevas tiendas, once de ellas por toda España y dos en Londres, además de la Sede Central de Barcelona y la Fábrica Tauro de Madrid. Estos proyectos fueron el principal impulso en la modernización de la empresa, promoviendo tanto el cambio de las tiendas y productos de la firma, como las estrategias comerciales y de imagen. A mediados de 1963 se inauguraba en el centro de Valencia la Tienda de Loewe diseñada por el arquitecto. El análisis crítico de este proyecto, que parte del redibujado de los planos originales de Javier Carvajal, permite no solo conocer el proceso de diseño comercial, ofreciendo una propuesta de metodología de análisis arquitectónico de tiendas, sino también elaborar nueva documentación para futuras investigaciones. El estudio se ha realizado a partir de la documentación encontrada en el archivo de Javier Carvajal y el Museo Loewe.Between 1959 and 1966, Javier Carvajal played a decisive role at the house of Loewe, materializing through its spaces the change that the firm was looking for. Thirteen new shops were built, eleven throughout Spain and two in London, in addition to the Barcelona Headquarters and the Tauro Factory in Madrid. These projects were the main impulse in the modernization of the company, promoting both change in the firm’s shops and products as well as commercial and image strategies. In mid-1963 the Loewe Shop designed by the architect was inaugurated in the centre of Valencia. The critical analysis of this project, which originates from the redrawn of Javier Carvajal’s original plans, not only allows knowledge on the commercial design process, offering a proposal of architectural analysis of shops, but also prepares new documentation for future research. The study has been elaborated from the documentation found in the Javier Carvajal archive and the Loewe Museum

La tienda como proyecto global Loewe en Valencia

Entre los años 1959 y 1966 Javier Carvajal tuvo un papel decisivo en la casa Loewe, materializando a través de sus espacios el cambio que buscaba la firma. Se construyeron trece nuevas tiendas, once de ellas por toda España y dos en Londres, además de la Sede Central de Barcelona y la Fábrica Tauro de Madrid. Estos proyectos fueron el principal impulso en la modernización de la empresa, promoviendo tanto el cambio de las tiendas y productos de la firma, como las estrategias comerciales y de imagen. A mediados de 1963 se inauguraba en el centro de Valencia la Tienda de Loewe diseñada por el arquitecto. El análisis crítico de este proyecto, que parte del redibujado de los planos originales de Javier Carvajal, permite no solo conocer el proceso de diseño comercial, ofreciendo una propuesta de metodología de análisis arquitectónico de tiendas, sino también elaborar nueva documentación para futuras investigaciones. El estudio se ha realizado a partir de la documentación encontrada en el archivo de Javier Carvajal y el Museo Loewe.Between 1959 and 1966, Javier Carvajal played a decisive role at the house of Loewe, materializing through its spaces the change that the firm was looking for. Thirteen new shops were built, eleven throughout Spain and two in London, in addition to the Barcelona Headquarters and the Tauro Factory in Madrid. These projects were the main impulse in the modernization of the company, promoting both change in the firm’s shops and products as well as commercial and image strategies. In mid-1963 the Loewe Shop designed by the architect was inaugurated in the centre of Valencia. The critical analysis of this project, which originates from the redrawn of Javier Carvajal’s original plans, not only allows knowledge on the commercial design process, offering a proposal of architectural analysis of shops, but also prepares new documentation for future research. The study has been elaborated from the documentation found in the Javier Carvajal archive and the Loewe Museum

Expanding the β-III Spectrin-Associated Phenotypes toward Non-Progressive Congenital Ataxias with Neurodegeneration

Gen SPTBN2; Neurodegeneració; Atàxia congènita no progressivaGen SPTBN2; Neurodegeneración; Ataxia congénita no progresivaSPTBN2 gene; Neurodegeneration; Non-progressive congenital ataxia(1) Background: A non-progressive congenital ataxia (NPCA) phenotype caused by β-III spectrin (SPTBN2) mutations has emerged, mimicking spinocerebellar ataxia, autosomal recessive type 14 (SCAR14). The pattern of inheritance, however, resembles that of autosomal dominant classical spinocerebellar ataxia type 5 (SCA5). (2) Methods: In-depth phenotyping of two boys studied by a customized gene panel. Candidate variants were sought by structural modeling and protein expression. An extensive review of the literature was conducted in order to better characterize the SPTBN2-associated NPCA. (3) Results: Patients exhibited an NPCA with hypotonia, developmental delay, cerebellar syndrome, and cognitive deficits. Both probands presented with progressive global cerebellar volume loss in consecutive cerebral magnetic resonance imaging studies, characterized by decreasing midsagittal vermis relative diameter measurements. Cortical hyperintensities were observed on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) images, suggesting a neurodegenerative process. Each patient carried a novel de novo SPTBN2 substitution: c.193A > G (p.K65E) or c.764A > G (p.D255G). Modeling and protein expression revealed that both mutations might be deleterious. (4) Conclusions: The reported findings contribute to a better understanding of the SPTBN2-associated phenotype. The mutations may preclude proper structural organization of the actin spectrin-based membrane skeleton, which, in turn, is responsible for the underlying disease mechanism.This work was supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)—Subdirección General de Evaluación y Fomento de la Investigación within the framework of the National R+D+I Plan co-funded with ERDF funds [Grant PI18/00147], and by the Generalitat Valenciana [Grant PROMETEO/2018/135]. Part of the equipment employed in this work has been funded by Generalitat Valenciana and co-financed with ERDF funds (OP ERDF of Comunitat Valenciana 2014−2020). P.S. had an FPU-PhD fellowship funded by the Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport [FPU15/00964]. A.S.-M. has a contract funded by the Spanish Foundation Per Amor a l’Art (FPAA)