Oral hygiene instructions and professional control as part of the treatment of desquamative gingivitis. Systematic review

The aim of this present article was to evaluate the scientific evidence on the efficacy of daily hygiene and professional prophylaxis for treatment of desquamative gingivitis. The present systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA protocol. Searches were carried out in Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library up to July 2018, randomized clinical trials and cohort studies on desquamative gingivitis (DG), and oral diseases joined to DG. After screening, we found that nine publications met the eligibility criteria eight cohort studies and one randomized control trial. The diagnosis of the diseases corresponded to oral lichen planus (n=185), mucous membrane pemphigoid (n=13); plasma cell gingivitits (n=15) and pemphigus vulgar (n=11). The follow-up was between a week and a year after instructing patients. Dental daily hygiene and professional prophylaxis, at least with supragingival scaling and polishing have significantly improved the extension of the lesion and reduced the activity of DG, and gingival bleeding in all patients. Furthermore, these techniques have also reduced pain and gingival plaque. In conclusion the studies presented support the efficacy of maintaining personal and professional oral hygiene in patients with GD, reducing the clinical signs of the disease, regardless of its pathogenesis

Comparative performance of theoretical tools in order to quantify the effect of the electric potential on the vibrational wavenumbers and intensities of the SERS of 2-methylpyrazine adsorbed on a nanostructured silver electrode

The effect of the electrode potential in surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) intensities and wavenumbers of 2-methylpyrazine (2MP) was analyzed on the basis of a resonant charge transfer (CT) mechanism by using a simple theoretical model in which the metallic surface and its charge density were simulated by atomic silver clusters of different size (n) and charge (q), [Agn]q. Two linear silver atoms (n = 2) with zero charge (q = 0) and three linear silver atoms (n = 3) with positive and negative charges (q = ±1) linked to the two nonequivalent aromatic nitrogen atoms in 2MP were taken into account. The wavenumber shifts of the most intense bands and the SERS-CT spectra of these two types of metal-adsorbate supermolecule, [Agn-N1]q and [Agn-N4]q, were calculated by using a time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) method and the independent mode displaced harmonic oscillator (IMDHO) approximation. A comparison of the effect of different levels of calculation, ab initio/DFT, on the predictions from the two theoretical models (isolated adsorbate/supermolecule) is also performed. Only DFT theoretical results of the metal-adsorbate supermolecule allow to explain the main role of the pair of bands assigned to totally symmetric ring-stretching 8a,b modes. The 8a vibration is the strongest band at any electrode potential, whereas the 8b mode reaches a maximum enhancement at −0.50 V and then decreases at −0.75 V. This model of a charged metal-adsorbate interface allows for detecting the presence of a CT mechanism in a SERS record.Consejería de Conocimiento, Investigación y Universidad, Junta de Andalucía, Grant/Award Numbers: P18-RT-4592, UMA18-FEDERJA-049; Generalitat Valenciana, Grant/Award Number: APOSTD/2021/025; Junta de Andalucía/FEDER; University of Málaga and Generalitat Valenciana/European Social Fund // Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málaga / CBU

Characterizing Normal and Pathological Gait through Permutation Entropy

Altres ajuts: We acknowledge the contribution of the children and their families who generously collaborated to build the gait dataset used in this study. We are also grateful to Michael R. Paul for kindly editing the English style of this manuscript. The acquisition and processing of gait data were funded by Escuela de Fisioterapia de la ONCE-UAM, through a private donation, and Agencia de Evaluación de Tecnologías Sanitarias (Instituto de Salud Carlos III), .Cerebral palsy is a physical impairment stemming from a brain lesion at perinatal time, most of the time resulting in gait abnormalities: the first cause of severe disability in childhood. Gait study, and instrumental gait analysis in particular, has been receiving increasing attention in the last few years, for being the complex result of the interactions between different brain motor areas and thus a proxy in the understanding of the underlying neural dynamics. Yet, and in spite of its importance, little is still known about how the brain adapts to cerebral palsy and to its impaired gait and, consequently, about the best strategies for mitigating the disability. In this contribution, we present the hitherto first analysis of joint kinematics data using permutation entropy, comparing cerebral palsy children with a set of matched control subjects. We find a significant increase in the permutation entropy for the former group, thus indicating a more complex and erratic neural control of joints and a non-trivial relationship between the permutation entropy and the gait speed. We further show how this information theory measure can be used to train a data mining model able to forecast the child's condition. We finally discuss the relevance of these results in clinical applications and specifically in the design of personalized medicine interventions

Gait phenotypes in paediatric hereditary spastic paraplegia revealed by dynamic time warping analysis and random forests

The Hereditary Spastic Paraplegias (HSP) are a group of heterogeneous disorders with a wide spectrum of underlying neural pathology, and hence HSP patients express a variety of gait abnormalities. Classification of these phenotypes May help in monitoring disease progression and personalizing therapies. This is currently managed by measuring values of some kinematic and spatio-temporal parameters at certain moments during the gait cycle, either in the doctor´s surgery room or after very precise measurements produced by instrumental gait analysis (IGA). These methods, however, do not provide information about the whole structure of the gait cycle. Classification of the similarities among time series of IGA measured values of sagittal joint positions throughout the whole gait cycle can be achieved by hierarchical clustering analysis based on multivariate dynamic time warping (DTW). Random forests can estimate which are the most important isolated parameters to predict the classification revealed by DTW, since clinicians need to refer to them in their daily practice. We acquired time series of pelvic, hip, knee, ankle and forefoot sagittal angular positions from 26 HSP and 33 healthy children with an optokinetic IGA system. DTW revealed six gait patterns with different degrees of impairment of walking speed, cadence and gait cycle distribution and related with patient’s age, sex, GMFCS stage, concurrence of polyneuropathy and abnormal visual evoked potentials or corpus callosum. The most important parameters to differentiate patterns were mean pelvic tilt and hip flexion at initial contact. Longer time of support, decreased values of hip extension and increased knee flexion at initial contact can differentiate the mildest, near to normal HSP gait phenotype and the normal healthy one. Increased values of knee flexion at initial contact and delayed peak of knee flexion are important factors to distinguish GMFCS stages I from II- III and concurrence of polyneuropathyDGA was in receipt of a grant from Sociedad Española de Neurología Pediátrica (SENEP). Publication fee was supported by EUF-ONCE-UAM and Asociación Española de Paraparesia Espástica Familiar (AEPEF)

Effects of Extracurricular Sports in Prepubertal and Pubertal Girls.

The aim of this study was to analyse the effects of the type of extracurricular sport on the body composition, respiratory parameters, and physical condition in prepubertal and pubertal girls. Four hundred and eighty-five female athletes (aged 8–14) from different sports participated in this study. They were gathered into four groups according to the sport typology and maturity level: ‘prepubertal girls who practise collective sports’ (PRE-CS), ‘prepubertal girls who practise individual sports’ (PRE-IS), ‘pubertal girls who practise collective sports’ (PUB-CS), and ‘pubertal girls who practise individual sports’ (PUB-IS). The cardiorespiratory fitness (the 20 m shuttle run test, 20 mSRT), anthropometry, respiratory capacity (forced spirometry), handgrip, CMJ test, and stabilometry were collected. Prepubertal girls showed a lower muscle mass (kg) and fat mass (kg) than pubertal girls regardless of the extracurricular sports typology. PRE-CS and PRE-IS also showed a lower respiratory fitness and physical fitness than pubertal girls (p 0.05) in any of the body composition, respiratory fitness, and physical fitness variables when comparing between collective sports and individual sports. The results show that extracurricular participation in these types sports by prepubertal girls can influence their body composition, respiratory fitness, and physical condition.post-print300 K

Fluid simulation methods applied to lakes and reservoirs

[Resumen] Existe una gran variedad de m´etodos para simular un fluido incompresible como el agua. Estos se pueden clasificar en diferentes tipos según utilicen partículas, una malla o una combinación de ambos como soporte de la simulación; o según el enfoque en que se aborde la incompresibilidad del fluido (débilmente compresible o realmente incompresible). Con esta variedad de opciones, es necesario comparar los métodos para asegurar la utilización del más adecuado, considerando las ventajas y desventajas de cada uno. Por ello, se analizan de manera general algunos de estos métodos con un escenario específico en mente: un lago con una entrada y una salida de agua en régimen estacionario. El objetivo es discernir cuál de estos métodos es mejor para llevar a cabo dicha simulación, o tiene el menor número de problemas en cuanto a las condiciones de contorno, aplicación de fuerzas externas, o inestabilidades numéricas. Finalmente, se presenta un caso de prueba sencillo empleando la opción considerada más adecuada. Los resultados de este artículo se emplearán en futuros trabajos en el estudio de blooms de cianobacterias en dichos cuerpos acuáticos.[Abstract] There are various methods to simulate an incompressible fluid such as water. These can be grouped into different types according to their simulation framework (grid-based, particle-based, or mixed) or how they approach the fluid’s incompressibility (weakly compressible or truly incompressible). Facing such variety to choose from, a comparison between them becomes a must to ensure the method used in the simulation scenario is adequate, considering their advantages and disadvantages in the different aspects of the simulation. A general analysis of some of these methods will be done with a specific scenario in mind: a stationary lake with one water entrance and one exit. The aim will be to discern which of the studied methods is better suited to carry out this simulation with the minor problems regarding boundary conditions, external forces treatment, or numerical instabilities. Finally, a simple test case for the more adequate method is presented. This work will be ultimately used in the study of lake cyanobacteria blooms.Gobierno de la Comunidad de Madrid; Y2020/TCS-6420Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación; TED2021-130123B-I0

Características psicométricas de la escala infantojuvenil de perfeccionismo en estudiantes de enseñanza básica (primaria) en Chile

The present study seeks to validate a Chilean adaptation of the CAPS scale, of Spanish origin, in Chilean primary school students, through the analysis of psychometric characteristics. The participants were 1195 Chilean students between the ages of 10 and 17 years old (M = 12.5; D.E. = 1.38); the instrument used was the child-adolescent perfectionism scale (CAPS). The dimensionality, reliability, and frequency ranges of the test were analyzed in the sample. The results give an account of three dimensions, with a high general reliability level of .89, according Cronbach's alpha; and an adequate level in its dimensions, alpha values between .722 and .794. It is also observed in the sample that the effort-oriented perfectionism (EOP) is the characteristic with the highest score, while the socially prescribed perfectionism (SPP) characteristic the lowest. It is concluded that the instrument has adequate psychometric characteristics, and that the socially prescribed perfectionism, a negative feature of the phenomenon, according to what is observed, is less developed in the participating group, which would strengthen socio-emotional development.El estudio busca validar una traducción chilena de la escala CAPS, de origen español, en estudiantes chilenos de primaria, analizando características psicométricas. Participaron 1195 estudiantes chilenos, entre 10 y 17 años (M= 12.5; D.E.=1.38); el instrumento utilizado fue la escala infantojuvenil de perfeccionismo (CAPS). Se analizó la dimensionalidad del test, confiabilidad y rangos de frecuencia en la muestra. Los resultados dan cuenta de tres dimensiones, con un nivel de confiabilidad general alto, alfa de Cronbach .89; y un nivel adecuado en las dimensiones, valores alfa entre .722 y .794; asimismo se observa que el perfeccionismo orientado a esfuerzo (PAO-E) sería la característica de mayor puntuación en esta muestra, y el socialmente prescrito (PSP), el de menor puntuación. Se concluye que el instrumento tiene adecuadas características psicométricas, además el perfeccionismo socialmente prescrito, rasgo negativo del fenómeno, se observa menos desarrollado en el grupo participante, lo que fortalecería el desarrollo socioemocional

Measurement of activity produced by low energy proton beam in metals using off-line PET imaging

Proceeding of: 2011 Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference, Valencia, España, 23-29 October, 2011In this work, we investigate PET imaging with 68Ga and 66Ga after proton irradiation on a natural zinc foil. The nuclides 68Ga and 66Ga are ideally suited for off line PET monitoring of proton radiotherapy due to their beta decay halflives of 67.71(9) minutes and 9.49(3) hours, respectively, and suitable fl end point energy. The purpose of this work is to explore the feasibility of PET monitoring in hadrontherapy treatments, and to study how the amount of activity and the positron range affect the PET image reconstruction. Profiting from the low energy reaction threshold for production via (p,n) reactions, both 68Ga and 66Ga gallium isotopes have been produced by activation on a natural zinc target by a proton pencil beam. In this way, it is possible to create detailed patterns, such as the Derenzo inspired one employed here. The proton beam was produced by the 5 MV tandetron accelerator at CMAM in Madrid. The energy of this beam (up to 10 MeV) is similar to the residual energy of the protons used for therapy at the distal edge of their path. The activated target was imaged in an ARGUS small animal PETtCT scanner and reconstructed with a fully 3D iterative algorithm, with and without positron range corrections.This work was supported in part by Comunidad de Madrid (ARTEMIS S2009/DPI 1802), Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (grants FPA2010 17142 and ENTEPRASE, PSE 300000 2009 5), by European Regional Funds, by CDTI under the CENIT Programme (AMIT Project), UCM (grupos UCM, 910059) and by CPAN, CSPD 2007 [email protected]

Experimental validation of gallium production and isotope-dependent positron range correction in PET

Abstract Positron range (PR) is one of the important factors that limit the spatial resolution of positron emission tomography (PET) preclinical images. Its blurring effect can be corrected to a large extent if the appropriate method is used during the image reconstruction. Nevertheless, this correction requires an accurate modelling of the PR for the particular radionuclide and materials in the sample under study. In this work we investigate PET imaging with 68Ga and 66Ga radioisotopes, which have a large PR and are being used in many preclinical and clinical PET studies. We produced a 68Ga and 66Ga phantom on a natural zinc target through (p,n) reactions using the 9-MeV proton beam delivered by the 5-MV CMAM tandetron accelerator. The phantom was imaged in an ARGUS small animal PET/CT scanner and reconstructed with a fully 3D iterative algorithm, with and without PR corrections. The reconstructed images at different time frames show significant improvement in spatial resolution when the appropriate PR is applied for each frame, by taking into account the relative amount of each isotope in the sample. With these results we validate our previously proposed PR correction method for isotopes with large PR. Additionally, we explore the feasibility of PET imaging with 68Ga and 66Ga radioisotopes in proton therapy.We acknowledge support from the Spanish MINECO through projects FPA2010-17142, FPA2013-41267-P, CSD-2007-00042 (CPAN), and the RTC-2015-3772-1 grant. We also acknowledge support from Comunidad de Madrid via the TOPUS S2013/MIT-3024 project