113 research outputs found

    Contornando a dificuldade de aprendizado com histórias em quadrinhos: um relato de experiência de estágio em escolas públicas do curso de licenciatura / Bypassing the learning difficulties with comic books: a report of an internship experience in public schools of the undergraduate course

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    O presente artigo é um relato de experiência na prática da realização de estágio do curso de Licenciatura em Computação. O objetivo desse projeto é realizar a união do uso do computador como ferramenta para o ensino de português no 4º ano do fundamental, onde a formação do Licenciado em Computação pode ajudar na fase de amadurecimento da escrita e da leitura dos alunos. O trabalho foi executado em duas turmas do 4º ano de uma escola estadual, utilizando o software HagáQuê para que os alunos desenvolvessem histórias em quadrinhos a partir da sua interpretação pessoal sobre fábulas apresentadas em sala de aula. 

    Requisitos funcionais para promover acessibilidade de pessoas portadoras de deficiências em ambientes MOOCs / Functional requirements to promote accessibility for people with disabilities in MOOC environments

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    Segundo o último censo brasileiro cerca de 23% da população tem algum tipo de deficiência, sendo ela física ou mental. Diante desse fato os sistemas de softwares e os conteúdos educacionais online têm que servir como ferramentas para facilitar a aprendizagem englobando alunos com deficiência, devendo se adaptar aos usuários para que ocorra uma menor evasão destes alunos. Este artigo apresenta um estudo de elicitação de requisitos para promover a acessibilidade, sendo utilizada a técnica de Levantamento Orientado a Ponto de Vista, que reconhece a existência de várias perspectivas e oferece um framework para descobrir conflitos nos requisitos pela visão de diferentes stakeholders. Assim foram elencados requisitos funcionais de softwares para a acessibilidade abrangendo as categorias de elementos e características da teoria pedagógica do conectivismo

    Photography-based taxonomy is inadequate, unnecessary, and potentially harmful for biological sciences

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    The question whether taxonomic descriptions naming new animal species without type specimen(s) deposited in collections should be accepted for publication by scientific journals and allowed by the Code has already been discussed in Zootaxa (Dubois & Nemésio 2007; Donegan 2008, 2009; Nemésio 2009a–b; Dubois 2009; Gentile & Snell 2009; Minelli 2009; Cianferoni & Bartolozzi 2016; Amorim et al. 2016). This question was again raised in a letter supported by 35 signatories published in the journal Nature (Pape et al. 2016) on 15 September 2016. On 25 September 2016, the following rebuttal (strictly limited to 300 words as per the editorial rules of Nature) was submitted to Nature, which on 18 October 2016 refused to publish it. As we think this problem is a very important one for zoological taxonomy, this text is published here exactly as submitted to Nature, followed by the list of the 493 taxonomists and collection-based researchers who signed it in the short time span from 20 September to 6 October 2016

    Les droits disciplinaires des fonctions publiques : « unification », « harmonisation » ou « distanciation ». A propos de la loi du 26 avril 2016 relative à la déontologie et aux droits et obligations des fonctionnaires

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    The production of tt‾ , W+bb‾ and W+cc‾ is studied in the forward region of proton–proton collisions collected at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV by the LHCb experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.98±0.02 fb−1 . The W bosons are reconstructed in the decays W→ℓν , where ℓ denotes muon or electron, while the b and c quarks are reconstructed as jets. All measured cross-sections are in agreement with next-to-leading-order Standard Model predictions.The production of ttt\overline{t}, W+bbW+b\overline{b} and W+ccW+c\overline{c} is studied in the forward region of proton-proton collisions collected at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV by the LHCb experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.98 ±\pm 0.02 \mbox{fb}^{-1}. The WW bosons are reconstructed in the decays WνW\rightarrow\ell\nu, where \ell denotes muon or electron, while the bb and cc quarks are reconstructed as jets. All measured cross-sections are in agreement with next-to-leading-order Standard Model predictions

    Physics case for an LHCb Upgrade II - Opportunities in flavour physics, and beyond, in the HL-LHC era

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    The LHCb Upgrade II will fully exploit the flavour-physics opportunities of the HL-LHC, and study additional physics topics that take advantage of the forward acceptance of the LHCb spectrometer. The LHCb Upgrade I will begin operation in 2020. Consolidation will occur, and modest enhancements of the Upgrade I detector will be installed, in Long Shutdown 3 of the LHC (2025) and these are discussed here. The main Upgrade II detector will be installed in long shutdown 4 of the LHC (2030) and will build on the strengths of the current LHCb experiment and the Upgrade I. It will operate at a luminosity up to 2×1034 cm−2s−1, ten times that of the Upgrade I detector. New detector components will improve the intrinsic performance of the experiment in certain key areas. An Expression Of Interest proposing Upgrade II was submitted in February 2017. The physics case for the Upgrade II is presented here in more depth. CP-violating phases will be measured with precisions unattainable at any other envisaged facility. The experiment will probe b → sl+l−and b → dl+l− transitions in both muon and electron decays in modes not accessible at Upgrade I. Minimal flavour violation will be tested with a precision measurement of the ratio of B(B0 → μ+μ−)/B(Bs → μ+μ−). Probing charm CP violation at the 10−5 level may result in its long sought discovery. Major advances in hadron spectroscopy will be possible, which will be powerful probes of low energy QCD. Upgrade II potentially will have the highest sensitivity of all the LHC experiments on the Higgs to charm-quark couplings. Generically, the new physics mass scale probed, for fixed couplings, will almost double compared with the pre-HL-LHC era; this extended reach for flavour physics is similar to that which would be achieved by the HE-LHC proposal for the energy frontier

    LHCb upgrade software and computing : technical design report

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    This document reports the Research and Development activities that are carried out in the software and computing domains in view of the upgrade of the LHCb experiment. The implementation of a full software trigger implies major changes in the core software framework, in the event data model, and in the reconstruction algorithms. The increase of the data volumes for both real and simulated datasets requires a corresponding scaling of the distributed computing infrastructure. An implementation plan in both domains is presented, together with a risk assessment analysis

    Measurement of the J/ψ pair production cross-section in pp collisions at s=13 \sqrt{s}=13 TeV

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    The production cross-section of J/ψ pairs is measured using a data sample of pp collisions collected by the LHCb experiment at a centre-of-mass energy of s=13 \sqrt{s}=13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 279 ±11 pb1^{−1}. The measurement is performed for J/ψ mesons with a transverse momentum of less than 10 GeV/c in the rapidity range 2.0 < y < 4.5. The production cross-section is measured to be 15.2 ± 1.0 ± 0.9 nb. The first uncertainty is statistical, and the second is systematic. The differential cross-sections as functions of several kinematic variables of the J/ψ pair are measured and compared to theoretical predictions.The production cross-section of J/ψJ/\psi pairs is measured using a data sample of pppp collisions collected by the LHCb experiment at a centre-of-mass energy of s=13TeV\sqrt{s} = 13 \,{\mathrm{TeV}}, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 279±11pb1279 \pm 11 \,{\mathrm{pb^{-1}}}. The measurement is performed for J/ψJ/\psi mesons with a transverse momentum of less than 10GeV/c10 \,{\mathrm{GeV}}/c in the rapidity range 2.0<y<4.52.0<y<4.5. The production cross-section is measured to be 15.2±1.0±0.9nb15.2 \pm 1.0 \pm 0.9 \,{\mathrm{nb}}. The first uncertainty is statistical, and the second is systematic. The differential cross-sections as functions of several kinematic variables of the J/ψJ/\psi pair are measured and compared to theoretical predictions

    Measurement of the B0s→μ+μ− Branching Fraction and Effective Lifetime and Search for B0→μ+μ− Decays

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    A search for the rare decays Bs0→μ+μ- and B0→μ+μ- is performed at the LHCb experiment using data collected in pp collisions corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 4.4  fb-1. An excess of Bs0→μ+μ- decays is observed with a significance of 7.8 standard deviations, representing the first observation of this decay in a single experiment. The branching fraction is measured to be B(Bs0→μ+μ-)=(3.0±0.6-0.2+0.3)×10-9, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic. The first measurement of the Bs0→μ+μ- effective lifetime, τ(Bs0→μ+μ-)=2.04±0.44±0.05  ps, is reported. No significant excess of B0→μ+μ- decays is found, and a 95% confidence level upper limit, B(B0→μ+μ-)<3.4×10-10, is determined. All results are in agreement with the standard model expectations.A search for the rare decays Bs0μ+μB^0_s\to\mu^+\mu^- and B0μ+μB^0\to\mu^+\mu^- is performed at the LHCb experiment using data collected in pppp collisions corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 4.4 fb1^{-1}. An excess of Bs0μ+μB^0_s\to\mu^+\mu^- decays is observed with a significance of 7.8 standard deviations, representing the first observation of this decay in a single experiment. The branching fraction is measured to be B(Bs0μ+μ)=(3.0±0.60.2+0.3)×109{\cal B}(B^0_s\to\mu^+\mu^-)=\left(3.0\pm 0.6^{+0.3}_{-0.2}\right)\times 10^{-9}, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic. The first measurement of the Bs0μ+μB^0_s\to\mu^+\mu^- effective lifetime, τ(Bs0μ+μ)=2.04±0.44±0.05\tau(B^0_s\to\mu^+\mu^-)=2.04\pm 0.44\pm 0.05 ps, is reported. No significant excess of B0μ+μB^0\to\mu^+\mu^- decays is found and a 95 % confidence level upper limit, B(B0μ+μ)<3.4×1010{\cal B}(B^0\to\mu^+\mu^-)<3.4\times 10^{-10}, is determined. All results are in agreement with the Standard Model expectations

    Measurements of prompt charm production cross-sections in pp collisions at s=5 \sqrt{s}=5 TeV

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    Production cross-sections of prompt charm mesons are measured using data from pppp collisions at the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of 55\,TeV. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 8.60±0.338.60\pm0.33\,pb1^{-1} collected by the LHCb experiment. The production cross-sections of D0D^0, D+D^+, Ds+D_s^+, and D+D^{*+} mesons are measured in bins of charm meson transverse momentum, pTp_{\text{T}}, and rapidity, yy. They cover the rapidity range 2.0<y<4.52.0 < y < 4.5 and transverse momentum ranges 0<pT<10GeV/c0 < p_{\text{T}} < 10\, \text{GeV}/c for D0D^0 and D+D^+ and 1<pT<10GeV/c1 < p_{\text{T}} < 10\, \text{GeV}/c for Ds+D_s^+ and D+D^{*+} mesons. The inclusive cross-sections for the four mesons, including charge-conjugate states, within the range of 1<pT<8GeV/c1 < p_{\text{T}} < 8\, \text{GeV}/c are determined to be \begin{equation*} \sigma(pp\rightarrow D^0 X) = 1190 \pm 3 \pm 64\,\mu\text{b} \end{equation*} \begin{equation*} \sigma(pp\rightarrow D^+ X) = 456 \pm 3 \pm 34\,\mu\text{b} \end{equation*} \begin{equation*} \sigma(pp\rightarrow D_s^+ X) = 195 \pm 4 \pm 19\,\mu\text{b} \end{equation*} \begin{equation*} \sigma(pp\rightarrow D^{*+} X)= 467 \pm 6 \pm 40\,\mu\text{b} \end{equation*} where the uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively.Production cross-sections of prompt charm mesons are measured using data from pp collisions at the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of 5 TeV. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 8.60 ± 0.33 pb1^{−1} collected by the LHCb experiment. The production cross-sections of D0^{0}, D+^{+}, Ds+_{s}^{+} , and D+^{∗+} mesons are measured in bins of charm meson transverse momentum, pT_{T}, and rapidity, y. They cover the rapidity range 2.0 < y < 4.5 and transverse momentum ranges 0 < pT_{T} < 10 GeV/c for D0^{0} and D+^{+} and 1 < pT_{T} < 10 GeV/c for Ds+_{s}^{+} and D+^{∗+} mesons. The inclusive cross-sections for the four mesons, including charge-conjugate states, within the range of 1 < pT_{T} < 8 GeV/c are determined to be σ(ppD0X)=1004±3±54μb,σ(ppD+X)=402±2±30μb,σ(ppDs+X)=170±4±16μb,σ(ppD+X)=421±5±36μb, \begin{array}{l}\sigma \left( pp\to {D}^0X\right)=1004\pm 3\pm 54\mu \mathrm{b},\\ {}\sigma \left( pp\to {D}^{+}X\right)=402\pm 2\pm 30\mu \mathrm{b},\\ {}\sigma \left( pp\to {D}_s^{+}X\right)=170\pm 4\pm 16\mu \mathrm{b},\\ {}\sigma \left( pp\to {D}^{\ast +}X\right)=421\pm 5\pm 36\mu \mathrm{b},\end{array} where the uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively.Production cross-sections of prompt charm mesons are measured using data from pppp collisions at the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of 55\,TeV. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 8.60±0.338.60\pm0.33\,pb1^{-1} collected by the LHCb experiment. The production cross-sections of D0D^0, D+D^+, Ds+D_s^+, and D+D^{*+} mesons are measured in bins of charm meson transverse momentum, pTp_{\text{T}}, and rapidity, yy. They cover the rapidity range 2.0<y<4.52.0<y<4.5 and transverse momentum ranges 0<pT<10GeV/c0 < p_{\text{T}} < 10\, \text{GeV}/c for D0D^0 and D+D^+ and 1<pT<10GeV/c1 < p_{\text{T}} < 10\, \text{GeV}/c for Ds+D_s^+ and D+D^{*+} mesons. The inclusive cross-sections for the four mesons, including charge-conjugate states, within the range of 1<pT<8GeV/c1 < p_{\text{T}} < 8\, \text{GeV}/c are determined to be \sigma(pp\rightarrow D^0 X) = 1004 \pm 3 \pm 54\,\mu\text{b} \sigma(pp\rightarrow D^+ X) = 402 \pm 2 \pm 30\,\mu\text{b} \sigma(pp\rightarrow D_s^+ X) = 170 \pm 4 \pm 16\,\mu\text{b} \sigma(pp\rightarrow D^{*+} X)= 421 \pm 5 \pm 36\,\mu\text{b} where the uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively

    Uma contribuição ao estudo do ajuste ótimo de parâmetros para cálculo de campos eletromagnéticos descontínuos com o método EFG

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    O método element-free Galerkin (EFG) com a abordagem interpolante e combinado com a técnica de truncamento de domínio provou ser uma fácil e eficiente técnica para o tratamento de descontinuidades físicas na equação de Poisson. Uma boa acurácia para esta abordagem é alcançada quando a discretização nas linhas das interfaces materiais são apropriadamente refinadas. Este trabalho trata o estudo de parâmetros os quais servem de ajuste para um cálculo mais refinado da descontinuidade em problemas eletromagnéticos, para uma combinação de diferentes materiais com diferentes discretizaçõesThe element free-Galerkin (EFG) method with the interpolating approach and combined with the domain truncation technique proved to be an easy and efficient method for the treatment of physical discontinuities in Poisson’s equation. A good accuracy for this approach is achieved when the discretization on the lines of the material interfaces are properly refined. This work deals with the study of parameters which serve as the setting for a more refined calculation of the discontinuity in electromagnetic problems, with a combination of different materials with different discretization
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