Anthropometric, body composition and physical activity of students

This study aimed to analyze the anthropometric variables, body composition and physical activity levels of students enrolled in private schools of the Educational System of Porto Velho, Rondônia, Brazil. The sample was composed by 303 students (154 males and 149 females) with ages varying from 11 to 15 years. Measures of body mass, stature, skinfolds (triceps, subscapular and suprailiac), percent of body fat, and adiposity index. Data on physical activity levels were obtained by a questionnaire, which verified TV watching time. Descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) were used for data analyses as well as the Student’s t-test setting the level of significance at 5%. The results showed that boys had higher values for anthropometric variables except for the 11-year-old boys. For skinfolds, the suprailiac presented higher values in both sexes, suggesting more fat accumulation in the central region of the trunk. For body composition, girls showed higher percents of body fat, except for the 13-year-olds. Obesity was detected in 23.76% of the sample. More than half of the students (58.41%) were classified either as sedentary or insufficiently active. With advancing age, a reduction in physical activity levels was noticed in both sexes. The majority of the students watched TV for more than 2 hours per day. The data indicated that strategic interventions are necessary to promote a more active lifestyle among adolescents. RESUMO O objetivo do estudo foi analisar as variáveis antropométricas, composição corporal e atividade física de escolares da rede particular de ensino da cidade de Porto Velho. A amostra foi composta por 303 escolares, 154 do gênero masculino e 149 do feminino, na faixa etária dos 11 aos 15 anos. Foi mensurada a massa, estatura corporal, dobras cutâneas das regiões tricipital, subescapular, supra-ilíaca, percentual de gordura, índice de adiposidade. Os dados referentes aos níveis de atividade física foram obtidos através de um questionário, com verificação do tempo destinado a assistir TV. Na análise dos dados utilizou-se a estatística descritiva: média, desvio-padrão, teste “t” de Student, adotando o nível de significância 5%. Os resultados mostraram que: as variáveis antropométricas dos escolares apresentaram valores superiores para os meninos, com exceção dos 11 anos. Em relação às dobras cutâneas a supra-ilíaca apresentou os maiores valores em ambos os gêneros, sugerindo um maior acúmulo de gordura na região central do tronco; quanto à composição corporal, as meninas apresentaram maiores valores de percentual de gordura, com exceção dos 13 anos. A obesidade foi detectada em 23, 76% da amostra, com prevalência para os meninos. Quanto aos níveis de atividade física, mais da metade da amostra 58,41% dos escolares foram classificados como sedentários ou insuficientemente ativos, com prevalência para as meninas. Com o avançar da idade notou-se uma diminuição nos níveis de atividade física para ambos os gêneros. A maioria dos escolares assiste TV mais de 2 h por dia. Esses dados parecem indicar que intervenções estratégicas são necessárias para promover um estilo de vida mais ativo entre os adolescentes

Outcomes from elective colorectal cancer surgery during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

This study aimed to describe the change in surgical practice and the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on mortality after surgical resection of colorectal cancer during the initial phases of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

Access of people with pulmonary tuberculosis to government programs: Primary Care professionals’ perceptions

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze Primary Health Care professionals’ perceptions about the access of people with pulmonary tuberculosis to government social support and income transfer programs. Methods: multicenter/qualitative study, carried out in Family Health Units in four Brazilian capitals: Belém/Pará, Campo Grande/Mato Grosso do Sul, Recife/Pernambuco and Rio de Janeiro/Rio de Janeiro. Fifty-eight professionals participated (social workers, dentists, nurses, pharmacists, physicians and nursing technicians), who provided assistance to people with pulmonary tuberculosis. Individual interviews were conducted, and the content analysis technique was used. Results: among the participants, 45/77.6% were women and 33/56.9% were between 25 and 40 years old. Two thematic categories were organized, demonstrating the perceptions about the possibilities of access to government programs by people with pulmonary tuberculosis in vulnerable situations and the obstacles inherent to this context. Final considerations: it is necessary to move forward in improving patient access to social programs

Núcleos de Ensino da Unesp: artigos 2008

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora

Characterisation of microbial attack on archaeological bone

As part of an EU funded project to investigate the factors influencing bone preservation in the archaeological record, more than 250 bones from 41 archaeological sites in five countries spanning four climatic regions were studied for diagenetic alteration. Sites were selected to cover a range of environmental conditions and archaeological contexts. Microscopic and physical (mercury intrusion porosimetry) analyses of these bones revealed that the majority (68%) had suffered microbial attack. Furthermore, significant differences were found between animal and human bone in both the state of preservation and the type of microbial attack present. These differences in preservation might result from differences in early taphonomy of the bones. © 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved