Proceso de requerimiento y distribución de productos de aseo y limpieza en los batallones de la sexta brigada, 2020

La presente investigación denominada proceso de requerimiento y distribución de productos de aseo y limpieza en los Batallones de la Sexta Brigada, 2020, tuvo como objetivo determinar el nivel de conocimiento del personal que labora en los batallones sobre el proceso de requerimiento y su distribución de productos de aseo y limpieza en la Sexta Brigada de Selva del Distrito del Milagro, Provincia de Utcubamba, Departamento Amazonas, año 2020, para lo cual usamos una metodología de investigación cuantitativa aplicada.Como resultado se obtuvo que los trabajadores de los Batallones desconocen cómo formular sus requerimientos con un promedio del 51.14%, asimismo la distribución no se da de la forma adecuada, ya que no tienen conocimiento de un 44.76%, y no son de acuerdo a sus necesidades reales, solo hacen su trabajo por cumplir, ocasionando que tanto la elaboración del requerimiento y la distribución sean deficientes. Se llegó a la conclusión que la mayoría de trabajadores que laboran en los Batallones desconocen la forma de elaborar o formular los requerimientos de las áreas usuarias, la forma de distribución que se realiza no es la más adecuaday se ve las deficiencias para lograr los objetivos de la Entidad

Condrosarcoma de alto grado de localización infrecuente

Chondrosarcoma is a skeletal malignant neoplasm characterized by the production of neoplastic cartilage, it represents only 20% of bone tumors, and its most frequent location is in the pelvis and proximal extremities. Location in small bones is very rare. A 44-year-old man with a 1-year illness who attended the trauma emergency at the hospital with an increase in volume of the back of the right foot accompanied by intense pain. A wide margin resection of the tumor was performed. The pathology department reported high-grade chondrosarcoma. Currently the patient is evaluated by the oncology service.El condrosarcoma es una neoplasia maligna esquelética caracterizada por la producción de cartílago neoplásico, representa sólo un 20% de los tumores óseos, y su localización más frecuente es en pelvis y extremidades proximales. Su localización en huesos pequeños es rara. Se presenta el caso de un varón de 44 años con un tiempo de enfermedad de 1 año que acude a la emergencia de traumatología con un aumento de volumen de parte posterior del pie derecho acompañado de intenso dolor. Se le realizó una resección con margen amplio del tumor. El servicio de anatomía patológica informó condrosarcoma de alto grado. Actualmente el paciente es evaluado por el servicio de oncología

Experience of the strategy implemented by the rapid response and clinical follow-up teams to reduce COVID-19 lethality, Lambayeque-Peru 2020

Introducción: El Perú fue considerado la mayor tasa de letalidad por COVID-19 (9.39%); siendo Lambayeque en julio del 2020 presentó seroprevalencias más altas reportadas en el mundo para SARS-CoV-2 con 29,5%. Objetivo. Describir la experiencia de la estrategia implementada por Equipos de Respuesta Rápida y Seguimiento Clínico de Casos de COVID-19 (ERSC) para reducir la letalidad por COVID-19 durante la primera ola en el 2020. Descripción de la estrategia. Se realizó una investigación operativa en una cohorte retrospectiva. La población estudiada estuvo conformada por los casos COVID-19 sospechosos y confirmados durante el periodo abril-diciembre 2020, atendidos en la Red Asistencial de Lambayeque. La metodología se llevó a cabo bajo la Implementación y funcionamiento de los ERSC que realizaban la Vigilancia Epidemiológica, rastreo y seguimiento clínico domiciliario de los casos sospechosos y confirmados de COVID-19. El proceso de captación y tamizaje inicial de los pacientes se realizó mediante tres procesos: tamizaje diferenciado, “call center” y vigilancia de rumores. Tras el tamizaje, se categorizaba al paciente en base a la atención que requería. Los casos eran asignados a los equipos de respuesta rápida quiénes acudían al domicilio del paciente para realizar las actividades indicadas de acuerdo al tipo de brigada. Las brigadas eran cuatro: brigadas de evaluación clínica domiciliaría, de diagnóstico o laboratorio a domicilio, de seguimiento clínico y brigada topo. c. La letalidad en pacientes moderados/severos disminuyó de 60% (Semana Epidemiológica 19) a 10% (Semana Epidemiológica 50) (p<0,001). La estrategia implementada y ejecutada redujo la letalidad por COVID-19 en población atendida

Titling community land to prevent deforestation: An evaluation of a best-case program in Morona-Santiago, Ecuador

Assigning land title to collective landholders is one of the primary policies land management agencies use to avoid deforestation worldwide. Such programs are designed to improve the ability of landholders to legally exclude competing users and thereby strengthen incentives to manage forests for long-term benefits. Despite the prevalence of this hypothesis, findings about the impacts of land titling programs on deforestation are mixed. Evidence is often unreliable because programs are targeted according to factors that independently influence the conversion of forests. We evaluate a donor-funded land titling and land management program for indigenous communities implemented in Morona-Santiago, Ecuador. This program offers a close to best case scenario for a land titling program to reduce deforestation because of colonization pressure, availability of payments when titled communities maintain forests, and limited opportunities for commercial agriculture. We match plots in program areas with similar plots outside program areas on covariates that influence the conversion of forests. Based on matched comparisons, we do not find evidence that land titling or community management plans reduced forest loss in the five years following legal recognition. The results call into question land titling as a direct deforestation strategy and suggests land titling is better viewed a precursor to other programs. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd

Death to Kappa: Birth of quantity disagreement and allocation disagreement for accuracy assessment

The family of Kappa indices of agreement claim to compare a map\u27s observed classification accuracy relative to the expected accuracy of baseline maps that can have two types of randomness: (1) random distribution of the quantity of each category and (2) random spatial allocation of the categories. Use of the Kappa indices has become part of the culture in remote sensing and other fields. This article exam- ines five different Kappa indices, some of which were derived by the first author in 2000. We expose the indices\u27 properties mathematically and illustrate their limitations graphically, with emphasis on Kappa\u27s use of randomness as a baseline, and the often-ignored conversion from an observed sample matrix to the estimated population matrix. This article concludes that these Kappa indices are useless, mis- leading and/or flawed for the practical applications in remote sensing that we have seen. After more than a decade of working with these indices, we recommend that the profession abandon the use of Kappa indices for purposes of accuracy assessment and map comparison, and instead summarize the cross-tabulation matrix with two much simpler summary parameters: quantity disagreement and alloca- tion disagreement. This article shows how to compute these two parameters using examples taken from peer-reviewed literature. © 2011 Taylor & Francis

Replication Data for: Titling community land to prevent deforestation: An evaluation of a best-case program in Morona-Santiago, Ecuador

Contains the data, code, and metadata need to reproduce all tables and figures in the main manuscript and supporting information

Using Food Flow Data to Assess Sustainability: Land Use Displacement and Regional Decoupling in Quintana Roo, Mexico

Food flow data provide unique insights into the debates surrounding the sustainability of land based production and consumption at multiple scales. Trade flows disguise the spatial correspondence of production and consumption and make their connection to land difficult. Two key components of this spatial disjuncture are land use displacement and economic regional decoupling. By displacing the environmental impact associated with food production from one region to another, environmental trajectories can falsely appear to be sustainable at a particular site or scale. When regional coupling is strong, peripheral areas where land based production occurs are strongly linked and proximate to consumption centers, and the environmental impact of production activities is visible. When food flows occur over longer distances, regional coupling weakens, and environmental impact is frequently overlooked. In this study, we present an analysis of a locally collected food flow dataset containing agricultural and livestock products transported to and from counties in Quintana Roo (QRoo). QRoo is an extensively forested border state in southeast Mexico, which was fully colonized by the state and non-native settlers only in the last century and now is home to some of the major tourist destinations. To approximate land displacement and regional decoupling, we decompose flows to and from QRoo by (1) direction; (2) product types and; (3) scale. Results indicate that QRoo is predominantly a consumer state: incoming flows outnumber outgoing flows by a factor of six, while exports are few, specialized, and with varied geographic reach (Yucatan, south and central Mexico, USA). Imports come predominantly from central Mexico. Local production in QRoo accounts for a small portion of its total consumption. In combining both subsets of agricultural and livestock products, we found that in most years, land consumption requirements were above 100% of the available land not under conservation in QRoo, suggesting unsustainable rates of land consumption in a ´business as usual´ scenario. We found evidence of economic regional decoupling at the state level

Hurricane disturbance mapping using MODIS EVI data in the southeastern Yucatán, Mexico

This letter evaluated the use of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) 250 mEnhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) standard product data (MOD/MYD13Q1 C5) to map the damage caused by Hurricane Dean (August 2007) to the forests in the Yucatán Peninsula of Mexico using a two-step vetting procedure. Sequences of MODIS EVI 16-day composite products captured before and after the hurricane were compared against 93 field damage plots to select an appropriate set of pre- and post-damage data. Aqua pairwise combinations produced the highest damage detection overall accuracy compared with Terra (82.4% vs. 73.8%, respectively) because of advantageous timing of the Aqua EVI compositing, relative to the hurricane event. The most accurate EVI damage map (91.4% overall) revealed highest damage \u3e detection in Saffir-Simpson hurricane wind scale zone 5 (i.e. wind speed .248 km h -1, i.e. 95%), followed by 93% in zone 4 (210-249 km h-1) and 87% in zone 3 (178-209 km h-1). Results indicate that MODIS EVI products provide timely and accurate maps of hurricane damage in subtropical forests. © 2011 Taylor & Francis

Fluid Borders: Rethinking Historical Geography and Fixed Map Boundaries in Contested Regions

<div><p>This article introduces a quantitative methodology for analyzing contested map borders. The article applies the new analytical technique to a data set of thirty maps showing Bulgaria in ca. 800 CE, a disputed state and period in medieval historiography with relevance to modern national politics and territorial claims. Based on the data set, we generate a series of new maps that make explicit the fluid medieval boundaries and general disagreement among geographers and historiographers. Our analysis begins with a simple point-in-polygon procedure to create a majority map that depicts the points included within the borders of the Bulgarian polity in sixteen or more of the maps (>50 percent). The majority map is then combined with percentage maps, confidence interval map boundaries, and cluster maps. The confidence interval maps are created via a spatial bootstrapping procedure and measure the uncertainty in the majority map. The cluster maps are developed via a radial basis function and provide insight into the potential affectivity based on the cartographers' countries of origin. The final map reflects the general modern consensus of the borders of the Bulgarian polity around 800 CE. Besides its quantitative contribution to medieval and modern cartographic, historiographical, and political debates, this article has developed a widely applicable methodology for synthesizing map borders and territories in cases of cartographic disagreement.</p></div

Fire Data as Proxy for Anthropogenic Landscape Change in the Yucatán

Fire is one of the earliest and most common tools used by humans to modify the earth surface. Landscapes in the Yucatán Peninsula are composed of a mosaic of old growth subtropical forest, secondary vegetation, grasslands, and agricultural land that represent a well-documented example of anthropogenic intervention, much of which involves the use of fire. This research characterizes land use systems and land cover changes in the Yucatán during the 2000–2010 time period. We used an active fire remotely sensed data time series from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), in combination with forest loss, and anthrome map sources to (1) establish the association between fire and land use change in the region; and (2) explore links between the spatial and temporal patterns of fire and specific types of land use practices, including within- and between-anthromes variability. A spatial multinomial logit model was constructed using fire, landscape configuration, and a set of commonly used control variables to estimate forest persistence, non-forest persistence, and change. Cross-tabulations and descriptive statistics were used to explore the relationships between fire occurrence, location, and timing with respect to the geography of land use. We also compared fire frequencies within and between anthrome groups using a negative binomial model and Tukey pairwise comparisons. Results show that fire data broadly reproduce the geography and timing of anthropogenic land change. Findings indicate that fire and landscape configuration is useful in explaining forest change and non-forest persistence, especially in fragmented (mosaicked) landscapes. Absence of fire occurrence is related usefully to the persistence of spatially continuous core areas of older growth forest. Fire has a positive relationship with forest to non-forest change and a negative relationship with forest persistence. Fire is also a good indicator to distinguish between anthrome groups (e.g., croplands and villages). Our study suggests that active fire data series are a reasonable proxy for anthropogenic land persistence/change in the context of the Yucatán and are useful to differentiate quantitatively and qualitatively between and within anthromes