SDSS-III: Massive Spectroscopic Surveys of the Distant Universe, the Milky Way Galaxy, and Extra-Solar Planetary Systems

Building on the legacy of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-I and II), SDSS-III is a program of four spectroscopic surveys on three scientific themes: dark energy and cosmological parameters, the history and structure of the Milky Way, and the population of giant planets around other stars. In keeping with SDSS tradition, SDSS-III will provide regular public releases of all its data, beginning with SDSS DR8 (which occurred in Jan 2011). This paper presents an overview of the four SDSS-III surveys. BOSS will measure redshifts of 1.5 million massive galaxies and Lya forest spectra of 150,000 quasars, using the BAO feature of large scale structure to obtain percent-level determinations of the distance scale and Hubble expansion rate at z<0.7 and at z~2.5. SEGUE-2, which is now completed, measured medium-resolution (R=1800) optical spectra of 118,000 stars in a variety of target categories, probing chemical evolution, stellar kinematics and substructure, and the mass profile of the dark matter halo from the solar neighborhood to distances of 100 kpc. APOGEE will obtain high-resolution (R~30,000), high signal-to-noise (S/N>100 per resolution element), H-band (1.51-1.70 micron) spectra of 10^5 evolved, late-type stars, measuring separate abundances for ~15 elements per star and creating the first high-precision spectroscopic survey of all Galactic stellar populations (bulge, bar, disks, halo) with a uniform set of stellar tracers and spectral diagnostics. MARVELS will monitor radial velocities of more than 8000 FGK stars with the sensitivity and cadence (10-40 m/s, ~24 visits per star) needed to detect giant planets with periods up to two years, providing an unprecedented data set for understanding the formation and dynamical evolution of giant planet systems. (Abridged)Comment: Revised to version published in The Astronomical Journa

ATLANTIC EPIPHYTES: a data set of vascular and non-vascular epiphyte plants and lichens from the Atlantic Forest

Epiphytes are hyper-diverse and one of the frequently undervalued life forms in plant surveys and biodiversity inventories. Epiphytes of the Atlantic Forest, one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world, have high endemism and radiated recently in the Pliocene. We aimed to (1) compile an extensive Atlantic Forest data set on vascular, non-vascular plants (including hemiepiphytes), and lichen epiphyte species occurrence and abundance; (2) describe the epiphyte distribution in the Atlantic Forest, in order to indicate future sampling efforts. Our work presents the first epiphyte data set with information on abundance and occurrence of epiphyte phorophyte species. All data compiled here come from three main sources provided by the authors: published sources (comprising peer-reviewed articles, books, and theses), unpublished data, and herbarium data. We compiled a data set composed of 2,095 species, from 89,270 holo/hemiepiphyte records, in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, recorded from 1824 to early 2018. Most of the records were from qualitative data (occurrence only, 88%), well distributed throughout the Atlantic Forest. For quantitative records, the most common sampling method was individual trees (71%), followed by plot sampling (19%), and transect sampling (10%). Angiosperms (81%) were the most frequently registered group, and Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae were the families with the greatest number of records (27,272 and 21,945, respectively). Ferns and Lycophytes presented fewer records than Angiosperms, and Polypodiaceae were the most recorded family, and more concentrated in the Southern and Southeastern regions. Data on non-vascular plants and lichens were scarce, with a few disjunct records concentrated in the Northeastern region of the Atlantic Forest. For all non-vascular plant records, Lejeuneaceae, a family of liverworts, was the most recorded family. We hope that our effort to organize scattered epiphyte data help advance the knowledge of epiphyte ecology, as well as our understanding of macroecological and biogeographical patterns in the Atlantic Forest. No copyright restrictions are associated with the data set. Please cite this Ecology Data Paper if the data are used in publication and teaching events. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ

Assumed white blood cell count of 8,000 cells/μL overestimates malaria parasite density in the Brazilian Amazon.

Quantification of parasite density is an important component in the diagnosis of malaria infection. The accuracy of this estimation varies according to the method used. The aim of this study was to assess the agreement between the parasite density values obtained with the assumed value of 8,000 cells/μL and the automated WBC count. Moreover, the same comparative analysis was carried out for other assumed values of WBCs. The study was carried out in Brazil with 403 malaria patients who were infected in different endemic areas of the Brazilian Amazon. The use of a fixed WBC count of 8,000 cells/μL to quantify parasite density in malaria patients led to overestimated parasitemia and resulted in low reliability when compared to the automated WBC count. Assumed values ranging between 5,000 and 6,000 cells/μL, and 5,500 cells/μL in particular, showed higher reliability and more similar values of parasite density when compared between the 2 methods. The findings show that assumed WBC count of 5,500 cells/μL could lead to a more accurate estimation of parasite density for malaria patients in this endemic region

Proportions of overestimated and underestimated parasite densities obtained with different assumed values of white blood cell (WBC) counts, with the automated WBC count as the reference.

<p>* Wilcoxon signed-rank test.</p><p>Abbreviations: WBC, white blood cell.</p

Comparison of parasite densities using automated and assumed white blood cell counts.

<p>Abbreviations: WBC, white blood cell; CI, confidence interval.</p

Bland–Altman plot showing parasitemia estimated by actual and assumed white blood cell (WBC) counts after logarithmic transformation.

<p>Parasite densities estimated using an assumed WBC count of 8,000/μL (A) and 5,500 cells/μL (B).</p

Characteristics potentially associated with WBC count among malaria patients.

<p>^* Man-Whitney test.</p><p>^** Kruskal-Wallis test.</p

Histological analysis of the callogenesis and organogenesis from root segments of Curcuma zedoaria Roscoe

Callus was induced from root segments taken from in vitro grown plants of Curcuma zedoaria Roscoe. The explants were cultured on agar-solidified Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 13.4muM of alpha-naphthaleneacetic acid and 2.2muM of 6-benzylaminopurine at 25ºC in the dark. Histological analysis revealed that callus was formed from the hypertrophied cortical parenchyma cells of the explant. Some of these cells underwent division while the surrounding cells accumulated starch. Callus was capable of shoot bud regeneration after 70 days when it was transfered to liquid medium of the same composition. After 30 days in liquid medium, buds developed from nodular structures. The adventitious shoots developed extensive root systems when they were placed on agar-solidified Murashige and Skoog medium without growth regulators at 25º C in the light. The establishment of these plantlets in soil was about 95%.<br>Calo de Curcuma zedoaria Roscoe foram induzidos a partir de segmentos de raízes de plantas cultivadas in vitro. Os explantes foram inoculados em meio de Murashige & Skoog solidificado com ágar e suplementado com 13,4miM de ácido alfa-naftaleno acético e 2,2miM de 6-benzilaminopurina e mantidos no escuro a 25°C. As análises histológicas realizadas revelaram que os callus eram formados a partir de células hipertrofiadas do parênquima cortical do explante. Algumas destas células entravam em divisão, enquanto as células vizinhas a estas acumulavam amido. Após 70 dias, calos transferidos para meio de Murashige & Skoog líquido de mesma composição, eram capazes de regenerar plantas. Após 30 dias em meio líquido, gemas se desenvolveram de estruturas nodulares. Estas gemas adventíceas formaram um abundante sistema radicular quando transferidas para meio de Murashige & Skoog solidificado com ágar, sem regulador de crescimento e mantidas a 25°C na luz. A taxa de sobrevivência das plantas foi de 95%

VIII Congresso Estadual Paulista sobre Formação de Educadores

O tema proposto para discussão durante o VIII Congresso Estadual Paulista sobre a Formação de Educadores – Modos de ser Educador: Artes e Técnicas – Ciências e Políticas envolve a busca de integração entre as diferentes dimensões que compõem a formação do profissional da educação. O trabalho e o sentido da intervenção social desse profissional se constituem em objeto em torno do qual as análises e interpretações vão recolher os fundamentos de debate sobre cultura como totalidade, incluindo: Artes e Técnicas – Ciências e Políticas. A dinâmica que caracteriza a formação de educadores requer a interpretaçãodesses fundamentos para o constante redimensionamento e definição dos objetivos visando aperfeiçoar o papel do profissional educador na sociedade. Por meio de discussões entrediferentes setores ligados à educação é que podem ser avaliados, preservados ou transformados os móveis que norteiam a formação do educador dentro de contextos culturais/sociais específicos, nos diversos campos, artes, técnicas, ciências e políticas. A disponibilidade de um espaço como o VIII Congresso Estadual Paulista sobre a Formação de Educadores para que estudiosos do tema - Educação - se congreguem e debatam a produção de conhecimento sob diversos ângulos, insere e qualifica esse evento como um processo de contribuição para o aprofundamento de estudos na área educacional. Os Congressos Estaduais Paulistas sobre a Formação de Educadores (CEPFE) vêm acontecendo desde 1990 e têm dedicado ênfase especial à formação de profissionais da educação, nos níveis de ensino fundamental, médio e universitário. Tal conformação do Congresso procura extrapolar questões próprias do padrão formal, para a abordagem de formação do profissional da educação embasada na crítica constante, capaz de dinamizar processos e resultados. Essa pretensão ressalta a importância do envolvimento de diferentes áreas do saber numa discussão sobre significados da produção de conhecimento. Daí poderão provir os resultados esperados a partir das atividades programadas para o VIII Congresso dentre os quais está esse caderno de resumos que ora apresentamos.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP