The Antioxidant Capacity of Rosemary and Green Tea Extracts to Replace the Carcinogenic Antioxidant (BHA) in Chicken Burgers

The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of natural extracts (rosemary and green tea extracts) in frozen storage of chicken burgers. Chicken burger treatments were prepared as follows: control (CON), 20 mg BHA/kg (BHA20), 10 mg green tea extract/kg (GT10), 38 mg green tea extract/kg (GT38), 18.6 mg rosemary extract/kg (RO18), and 480 mg rosemary extract/kg (RO480). Analysis of physicochemical parameters, color, TBAR index, and sensory acceptance were performed at 0, 30, 60, and 120 days of storage at −18°C in burgers packaged in LDPE plastic bags. The addition of natural antioxidants did not affect (p>0.05) the color and physicochemical parameters of the chicken burgers. After 120 days at −18°C, the RO480 sample showed a TBAR index similar (p>0.05) to BHA20 (0.423 and 0.369 mg, resp.). Sensory acceptance did not differ (p>0.05) among the treatments throughout the storage period (p>0.05)

Tratamento silvicultural e incremento diamétrico de Platonia insignis Mart. (Clusiaceae) "bacurizeiro" em duas florestas secundárias em Bragança, PA, Brasil.

Verificou-se neste trabalho o efeito de tratamentos silviculturais no incremento diamétrico de Platonia insignis, em duas florestas secundárias, com dois anos de acompanhamento (2005/2007). As florestas foram denominadas Unidades Agrárias (UA), onde foram instaladas quatro parcelas de 70 m x 105 m (UA1) e 35 m x 100 m (UA2). Dois tratamentos foram aplicados com duas repetições: T0 nenhuma intervenção; e T1 tratamento silvicultural, que consistiu de desbaste por abate e desbaste por anelamento, coroamento de 2 m e corte de cipós. Foram medidos todos os indivíduos de P. insignis com DAP > 10 cm. Foram utilizados os testes t, de Student, e de Mann Whitney, para comparação das médias. O incremento anual médio em diâmetro na T1 foi significativamente maior em ambas as florestas secundárias. UA1 apresentou 0,14 cm.ano-1 para T0 e 0,25 cm.ano-1 para T1. Na UA2, a média foi de 0,53 cm.ano-1 para T0 e 0,93 cm.ano-1 para T1. Portanto, o efeito positivo dos tratamentos silviculturais no aumento diamétrico pode servir como subsídio para atividades de manejo sustentável e aplicação em florestas secundárias como indutor de crescimento

Characterisation of microbial attack on archaeological bone

As part of an EU funded project to investigate the factors influencing bone preservation in the archaeological record, more than 250 bones from 41 archaeological sites in five countries spanning four climatic regions were studied for diagenetic alteration. Sites were selected to cover a range of environmental conditions and archaeological contexts. Microscopic and physical (mercury intrusion porosimetry) analyses of these bones revealed that the majority (68%) had suffered microbial attack. Furthermore, significant differences were found between animal and human bone in both the state of preservation and the type of microbial attack present. These differences in preservation might result from differences in early taphonomy of the bones. © 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved