34 research outputs found

    Elective Cancer Surgery in COVID-19-Free Surgical Pathways During the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: An International, Multicenter, Comparative Cohort Study.

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    PURPOSE: As cancer surgery restarts after the first COVID-19 wave, health care providers urgently require data to determine where elective surgery is best performed. This study aimed to determine whether COVID-19-free surgical pathways were associated with lower postoperative pulmonary complication rates compared with hospitals with no defined pathway. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This international, multicenter cohort study included patients who underwent elective surgery for 10 solid cancer types without preoperative suspicion of SARS-CoV-2. Participating hospitals included patients from local emergence of SARS-CoV-2 until April 19, 2020. At the time of surgery, hospitals were defined as having a COVID-19-free surgical pathway (complete segregation of the operating theater, critical care, and inpatient ward areas) or no defined pathway (incomplete or no segregation, areas shared with patients with COVID-19). The primary outcome was 30-day postoperative pulmonary complications (pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, unexpected ventilation). RESULTS: Of 9,171 patients from 447 hospitals in 55 countries, 2,481 were operated on in COVID-19-free surgical pathways. Patients who underwent surgery within COVID-19-free surgical pathways were younger with fewer comorbidities than those in hospitals with no defined pathway but with similar proportions of major surgery. After adjustment, pulmonary complication rates were lower with COVID-19-free surgical pathways (2.2% v 4.9%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.62; 95% CI, 0.44 to 0.86). This was consistent in sensitivity analyses for low-risk patients (American Society of Anesthesiologists grade 1/2), propensity score-matched models, and patients with negative SARS-CoV-2 preoperative tests. The postoperative SARS-CoV-2 infection rate was also lower in COVID-19-free surgical pathways (2.1% v 3.6%; aOR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.76). CONCLUSION: Within available resources, dedicated COVID-19-free surgical pathways should be established to provide safe elective cancer surgery during current and before future SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks

    Elective cancer surgery in COVID-19-free surgical pathways during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: An international, multicenter, comparative cohort study

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    PURPOSE As cancer surgery restarts after the first COVID-19 wave, health care providers urgently require data to determine where elective surgery is best performed. This study aimed to determine whether COVID-19–free surgical pathways were associated with lower postoperative pulmonary complication rates compared with hospitals with no defined pathway. PATIENTS AND METHODS This international, multicenter cohort study included patients who underwent elective surgery for 10 solid cancer types without preoperative suspicion of SARS-CoV-2. Participating hospitals included patients from local emergence of SARS-CoV-2 until April 19, 2020. At the time of surgery, hospitals were defined as having a COVID-19–free surgical pathway (complete segregation of the operating theater, critical care, and inpatient ward areas) or no defined pathway (incomplete or no segregation, areas shared with patients with COVID-19). The primary outcome was 30-day postoperative pulmonary complications (pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, unexpected ventilation). RESULTS Of 9,171 patients from 447 hospitals in 55 countries, 2,481 were operated on in COVID-19–free surgical pathways. Patients who underwent surgery within COVID-19–free surgical pathways were younger with fewer comorbidities than those in hospitals with no defined pathway but with similar proportions of major surgery. After adjustment, pulmonary complication rates were lower with COVID-19–free surgical pathways (2.2% v 4.9%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.62; 95% CI, 0.44 to 0.86). This was consistent in sensitivity analyses for low-risk patients (American Society of Anesthesiologists grade 1/2), propensity score–matched models, and patients with negative SARS-CoV-2 preoperative tests. The postoperative SARS-CoV-2 infection rate was also lower in COVID-19–free surgical pathways (2.1% v 3.6%; aOR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.76). CONCLUSION Within available resources, dedicated COVID-19–free surgical pathways should be established to provide safe elective cancer surgery during current and before future SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks

    Outcomes from elective colorectal cancer surgery during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

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    This study aimed to describe the change in surgical practice and the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on mortality after surgical resection of colorectal cancer during the initial phases of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

    The evolving SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in Africa: Insights from rapidly expanding genomic surveillance

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    INTRODUCTION Investment in Africa over the past year with regard to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) sequencing has led to a massive increase in the number of sequences, which, to date, exceeds 100,000 sequences generated to track the pandemic on the continent. These sequences have profoundly affected how public health officials in Africa have navigated the COVID-19 pandemic. RATIONALE We demonstrate how the first 100,000 SARS-CoV-2 sequences from Africa have helped monitor the epidemic on the continent, how genomic surveillance expanded over the course of the pandemic, and how we adapted our sequencing methods to deal with an evolving virus. Finally, we also examine how viral lineages have spread across the continent in a phylogeographic framework to gain insights into the underlying temporal and spatial transmission dynamics for several variants of concern (VOCs). RESULTS Our results indicate that the number of countries in Africa that can sequence the virus within their own borders is growing and that this is coupled with a shorter turnaround time from the time of sampling to sequence submission. Ongoing evolution necessitated the continual updating of primer sets, and, as a result, eight primer sets were designed in tandem with viral evolution and used to ensure effective sequencing of the virus. The pandemic unfolded through multiple waves of infection that were each driven by distinct genetic lineages, with B.1-like ancestral strains associated with the first pandemic wave of infections in 2020. Successive waves on the continent were fueled by different VOCs, with Alpha and Beta cocirculating in distinct spatial patterns during the second wave and Delta and Omicron affecting the whole continent during the third and fourth waves, respectively. Phylogeographic reconstruction points toward distinct differences in viral importation and exportation patterns associated with the Alpha, Beta, Delta, and Omicron variants and subvariants, when considering both Africa versus the rest of the world and viral dissemination within the continent. Our epidemiological and phylogenetic inferences therefore underscore the heterogeneous nature of the pandemic on the continent and highlight key insights and challenges, for instance, recognizing the limitations of low testing proportions. We also highlight the early warning capacity that genomic surveillance in Africa has had for the rest of the world with the detection of new lineages and variants, the most recent being the characterization of various Omicron subvariants. CONCLUSION Sustained investment for diagnostics and genomic surveillance in Africa is needed as the virus continues to evolve. This is important not only to help combat SARS-CoV-2 on the continent but also because it can be used as a platform to help address the many emerging and reemerging infectious disease threats in Africa. In particular, capacity building for local sequencing within countries or within the continent should be prioritized because this is generally associated with shorter turnaround times, providing the most benefit to local public health authorities tasked with pandemic response and mitigation and allowing for the fastest reaction to localized outbreaks. These investments are crucial for pandemic preparedness and response and will serve the health of the continent well into the 21st century

    Connaissances, attitudes et pratiques des pharmaciens dans l’utilisation de tableaux de bords appliqués à la gestion des stocks de médicaments au niveau des officines privées de pharmacie de Bamako, Mali

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    Résumé L’objet de ce travail a porté sur les connaissances, les attitudes et les pratiques des pharmaciens dans l’utilisation du tableau de bord dans la gestion des stocks dans les officines de pharmacie. Il s’agissait d’une étude descriptive et transversale qui s’est déroulée de mars 2022 mars 2023 dans 60 Officines privées du district de Bamako. L’étude était portée sur les pharmaciens titulaires et assistants. La population fut interrogée à l’aide de questionnaire fiches d’enquêtes. L’analyse des données a été faite avec le logiciel SPSS.20, le traitement de texte et la saisie sur Microsoft Word. Les résultats de notre étude ont montré que le sexe masculin était le plus représenté, l’inventaire était la méthode de gestion la plus représentée. La majorité de la population n’utilisaient pas le tableau de bord dans la gestion de stock de médicaments. Après cette étude nous pouvons dire que le tableau de bord est un outil essentiel dans la gestion de stock de médicaments en Officine

    Connaissances, attitudes et pratiques des pharmaciens dans l’utilisation de tableaux de bords appliqués à la gestion des stocks de médicaments au niveau des officines privées de pharmacie de Bamako, Mali

    No full text
    Résumé L’objet de ce travail a porté sur les connaissances, les attitudes et les pratiques des pharmaciens dans l’utilisation du tableau de bord dans la gestion des stocks dans les officines de pharmacie. Il s’agissait d’une étude descriptive et transversale qui s’est déroulée de mars 2022 mars 2023 dans 60 Officines privées du district de Bamako. L’étude était portée sur les pharmaciens titulaires et assistants. La population fut interrogée à l’aide de questionnaire fiches d’enquêtes. L’analyse des données a été faite avec le logiciel SPSS.20, le traitement de texte et la saisie sur Microsoft Word. Les résultats de notre étude ont montré que le sexe masculin était le plus représenté, l’inventaire était la méthode de gestion la plus représentée. La majorité de la population n’utilisaient pas le tableau de bord dans la gestion de stock de médicaments. Après cette étude nous pouvons dire que le tableau de bord est un outil essentiel dans la gestion de stock de médicaments en Officine

    A python module to normalize microarray data by the quantile adjustment method

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    International audienceMicroarray technology is widely used for gene expression research targeting the development of new drug treatments. In the case of a two-color microarray, the process starts with labeling DNA samples with fluorescent markers (cyanine 635 or Cy5 and cyanine 532 or Cy3), then mixing and hybridizing them on a chemically treated glass printed with probes, or fragments of genes. The level of hybridization between a strand of labeled DNA and a probe present on the array is measured by scanning the fluorescence of spots in order to quantify the expression based on the quality and number of pixels for each spot. The intensity data generated from these scans are subject to errors due to differences in fluorescence efficiency between Cy5 and Cy3, as well as variation in human handling and quality of the sample. Consequently, data have to be normalized to correct for variations which are not related to the biological phenomena under investigation. Among many existing normalization procedures, we have implemented the quantile adjustment method using the python computer language, and produced a module which can be run via an HTML dynamic form. This module is composed of different functions for data files reading, intensity and ratio computations and visualization. The current version of the HTML form allows the user to visualize the data before and after normalization. It also gives the option to subtract background noise before normalizing the data. The output results of this module are in agreement with the results of other normalization tools. Published by Elsevier B.V

    Report on electromagnetic compatibility of power line communications

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    This OMEGA deliverable presents a study of the EMC issues linked to PLC systems, in the context of a frequency bandwidth extension up to 100 MHz. The current status of EMC regulations for PLC is first recalled. An experimental study is then presented for the assessment of the effect of electromagnetic field radiation from an electrical network, in the 30 ­ 100 MHz band. Recommendations are given for the injected PSD levels to be used for future studies within the OMEGA project. From these results, the capacity of the PLC channel is evaluated in terms of outage probability. This analysis shows that an extended bandwidth up to 100 MHz provides capacities in excess of 1 Gbps, while satisfying the current emission limits. Finally, the concept of cognitive EMC is introduced for the mitigation of EMC issues. We experimentally demonstrate that the FM band can successfully be used for PLC transmission without creating harmful interference to radio services

    Electromagnetic compatibility for power line communications. Regulatory issues and countermeasures

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    International audienceWithin the ICT OMEGA project, a thorough study of the Electro Magnetic Compatibility (EMC) issues linked to Power Line Communications (PLC) has been conducted. In this paper, we present our investigations carried out in the context of a frequency bandwidth extension of PLC systems up to 100 MHz. The current status of EMC regulations for PLC is first recalled. An experimental study is then presented for the assessment of the effect of electromagnetic field radiation from an electrical network, in the 30­100 MHz band. Recommendations are given for the injected PSD levels to be used for future studies within the OMEGA project. From these results, the capacity of the PLC channel is evaluated in terms of outage probability. This analysis shows that an extended bandwidth up to 100 MHz provides capacities in excess of 1 Gbps, while satisfying the current emission limits. Finally, the possible countermeasures for the mitigation of EMC issues are discussed
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