44 research outputs found
Advances in electronic monitoring of fishing catches based on artificial intelligence
Monitoring plays a key role in all aspects of fsheries management, including those related to sustainable management of resources, the economic performance of the fshery, and the distribution of benefts from the exploitation of the fshery and environment. In this work, software improvements made on the remote electronic monitoring (REM) device iObserver are described towards the improvement of fsheries monitoring by precisely identifying and quantifying fshing catches on board commercial vessel´s. To this aim, we exploit deep learning and convolutional neural networks (CNNs) capabilities and potential.Peer Reviewe
New advances in AI-based electronic monitoring (EM) technologies for automatic, real-time catch data collection: the iObserver 2.0
The implementation and fully compliance of the Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) of the EU depends largely on the ability to quantify total catches on board commercial fishing vessels. To this aim, the use of electronic devices is gaining relevance and vision-based electronic monitoring technologies have emerged as a more cost-effective and efficient way to monitor fishing activity. In this work, we present the iObserver 2.0, a device that uses Deep Learning image recognition to automatically identify and quantify in real time the entire catch on board fishing vessels. It builds upon two previous prototypes, improving image quality by using line scan technology. Two neural networks are used for fish species segmentation, identification, and length regression tasks. As main results of this disruptive technology, the iObserver 2.0 distinguishes more than twice the number of species than previous version, works with area scan and line scan camera images, and it is evaluated with a test set incorporating more complex images. An experimental fishing survey has been conducted to assess the system’s performance in real-life conditions, showing promising results in terms of total catch registration of target and discard fish species.Peer Reviewe
The World Spider Trait database : a centralised global open repository for curated data on spider traits
Publisher Copyright: © The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press.Spiders are a highly diversified group of arthropods and play an important role in terrestrial ecosystems as ubiquitous predators, which makes them a suitable group to test a variety of eco-evolutionary hypotheses. For this purpose, knowledge of a diverse range of species traits is required. Until now, data on spider traits have been scattered across thousands of publications produced for over two centuries and written in diverse languages. To facilitate access to such data, we developed an online database for archiving and accessing spider traits at a global scale. The database has been designed to accommodate a great variety of traits (e.g. ecological, behavioural and morphological) measured at individual, species or higher taxonomic levels. Records are accompanied by extensive metadata (e.g. location and method). The database is curated by an expert team, regularly updated and open to any user. A future goal of the growing database is to include all published and unpublished data on spider traits provided by experts worldwide and to facilitate broad cross-taxon assays in functional ecology and comparative biology. Database URL:https://spidertraits.sci.muni.cz/.Peer reviewe
Dendritic cell deficiencies persist seven months after SARS-CoV-2 infection
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2 infection induces an exacerbated inflammation driven by innate immunity components. Dendritic cells (DCs) play a key role in the defense against viral infections, for instance plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs), have the capacity to produce vast amounts of interferon-alpha (IFN-α). In COVID-19 there is a deficit in DC numbers and IFN-α production, which has been associated with disease severity. In this work, we described that in addition to the DC deficiency, several DC activation and homing markers were altered in acute COVID-19 patients, which were associated with multiple inflammatory markers. Remarkably, previously hospitalized and nonhospitalized patients remained with decreased numbers of CD1c+ myeloid DCs and pDCs seven months after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Moreover, the expression of DC markers such as CD86 and CD4 were only restored in previously nonhospitalized patients, while no restoration of integrin β7 and indoleamine 2,3-dyoxigenase (IDO) levels were observed. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the immunological sequelae of COVID-19
Healthcare workers hospitalized due to COVID-19 have no higher risk of death than general population. Data from the Spanish SEMI-COVID-19 Registry
Aim To determine whether healthcare workers (HCW) hospitalized in Spain due to COVID-19 have a worse prognosis than non-healthcare workers (NHCW). Methods Observational cohort study based on the SEMI-COVID-19 Registry, a nationwide registry that collects sociodemographic, clinical, laboratory, and treatment data on patients hospitalised with COVID-19 in Spain. Patients aged 20-65 years were selected. A multivariate logistic regression model was performed to identify factors associated with mortality. Results As of 22 May 2020, 4393 patients were included, of whom 419 (9.5%) were HCW. Median (interquartile range) age of HCW was 52 (15) years and 62.4% were women. Prevalence of comorbidities and severe radiological findings upon admission were less frequent in HCW. There were no difference in need of respiratory support and admission to intensive care unit, but occurrence of sepsis and in-hospital mortality was lower in HCW (1.7% vs. 3.9%; p = 0.024 and 0.7% vs. 4.8%; p<0.001 respectively). Age, male sex and comorbidity, were independently associated with higher in-hospital mortality and healthcare working with lower mortality (OR 0.211, 95%CI 0.067-0.667, p = 0.008). 30-days survival was higher in HCW (0.968 vs. 0.851 p<0.001). Conclusions Hospitalized COVID-19 HCW had fewer comorbidities and a better prognosis than NHCW. Our results suggest that professional exposure to COVID-19 in HCW does not carry more clinical severity nor mortality
Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2
The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality
All-cause mortality in the cohorts of the Spanish AIDS Research Network (RIS) compared with the general population: 1997Ł2010
Abstract Background: Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has produced significant changes in mortality of HIVinfected persons. Our objective was to estimate mortality rates, standardized mortality ratios and excess mortality rates of cohorts of the AIDS Research Network (RIS) (CoRIS-MD and CoRIS) compared to the general population. Methods: We analysed data of CoRIS-MD and CoRIS cohorts from 1997 to 2010. We calculated: (i) all-cause mortality rates, (ii) standardized mortality ratio (SMR) and (iii) excess mortality rates for both cohort for 100 personyears (py) of follow-up, comparing all-cause mortality with that of the general population of similar age and gender. Results: Between 1997 and 2010, 8,214 HIV positive subjects were included, 2,453 (29.9%) in CoRIS-MD and 5,761 (70.1%) in CoRIS and 294 deaths were registered. All-cause mortality rate was 1.02 (95% CI 0.91-1.15) per 100 py, SMR was 6.8 (95% CI 5.9-7.9) and excess mortality rate was 0.8 (95% CI 0.7-0.9) per 100 py. Mortality was higher in patients with AIDS, hepatitis C virus (HCV) co-infection, and those from CoRIS-MD cohort (1997. Conclusion: Mortality among HIV-positive persons remains higher than that of the general population of similar age and sex, with significant differences depending on the history of AIDS or HCV coinfection
I Congresso Ibero-Americano de Bibliotecas Escolares
Actas de la primera edición del I Congreso Iberoamericano de Bibliotecas Escolares, CIBES 2015, organizado por la Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (España), la Universidad Estatal Paulista (Brasil) y el Ayuntamiento de Getafe (España). Celebrado: 21 - 23 de octubre de 2015 en la Universidad Estatal Paulista (Marília) y 26 - 28 de octubre de 2015 en la Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (Getafe)Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (España)Universidad Estatal Paulista (Brasil)Ayuntamiento de Getafe (España)Dimensiones y visiones de la biblioteca escolar en una Educación por competencias: la
necesidad de una política estratégica / Miguel Ángel Marzal. -- Getafe ciudad educadora,
lectora y escritora: Bibliotecas escolares / Lourdes Muñoz Santiuste. -- Presente y
futuro: biblioteca escolar-CREA y proyectos interdisciplinares / Rosa Piquín. -- Cultura
en información: un reto esencial de la biblioteca escolar / Mónica Baró. -- Bibliotecas
escolares de Galicia: un mundo de oportunidades a favor de la Educación / Cristina Novoa.
-- 10 años de la Red de Bibliotecas Escolares de Extremadura (REBEX) / Casildo Macías
Pereira. -- Biblioteca Escolar y uso ético de la información para una Cultura de Paz / Ana
Barrero Tíscar. -- Dinamización de la Biblioteca Escolar Plumita durante el curso escolar
2014/15 / María Antonia Cano Cañada. -- Experiencia de la creación de una biblioteca
escolar / Susana Santos Martín. -- Grupo cooperativo Bibliotecas escolares en Red-Albacete
/ José Manuel Garrido Argandoña y Eva Leal Scasso. -- La BCREA "Juan Leiva". El fomento de
la lectura desde la web social / Andrés Pulido Villar. -- Proceso de implantación de una
herramienta de autoevaluación en la red de bibliotecas escolares de Extremadura (REBEX) /
Casildo Macías Pereira. -- La biblioteca escolar: abriendo fronteras / Lorena Verónica
Cabrera Orellana. -- O programa RBE e a avaliaçao das bibliotecas escolares: melhoria,
desenvolvimiento e innovaçao / Elsa Conde. -- Profesional de Biblioteconomía y
Documentación: esencial en la plantilla de la escuela / Pilar del Campo Puerta. -- Una
mirada activa al proceso educativo desde la biblioteca escolar / María Jesús Fontela
Fernández . -- Con otra mirada "La ilustración como vehículo de comunicación y aprendizaje
en las bibliotecas escolares" / Pablo Jurado Sánchez-Galán. -- Fingertips. Recriar a
biblioteca escolar na sala de aula / Rui Alfonso Mateus. -- Hablemos de libros. Cómo
transformar una clase de literatura en una comunidad de interpretación de textos /
Francisco César Díaz Rey. -- Inclusión social de familias inmigrantes a través de un
programa de aprendizaje de la lengua castellana / Ana Carmen Tolino Fernández-Henarejos.
-- O desenvolvimento de atividades de mediação de leitura em biblioteca escolar: o caso da
biblioteca da Escola Sesc de Ensino Médio / Vagner Amaro. -- La biblioteca escolar.
Proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de padres a hijos / Ana Carmen Tolino Fernández-
Henarejos. -- Leo con y para los demás / Ismael Fernández Fernández, Ana María Moreno
Vicente y Ana Beatriz Vicente Pérez. -- Nanas y arrullo. Poesía a la deriva / Bernardo
Fuentes Navarrete y Carlos García-Romeral Pérez. -- Gestión y evaluación de servicios
bibliotecarios para personas con dislexia: una biblioteca escolar inclusiva desde una
perspectiva internacional / Carmen Jorge García-Reyes. -- Sueños lectores compartidos
hechos realidad: la biblioteca escolar del C.E.I.P-S.E.S-A.A “LA PAZ” de Albacete / Ana
Rosa Cabañero Tobarra, Juan Manuel Herráez, Eva Leal Scasso, María Marín Sánchez, Ana
Belén Medrano Martínez y María José Nortes Ruipérez. -- El programa biblioteca escuela en
Civican. La literatura como elemento motivador para la alfabetización informacional /
Villar Arellano Yanguas. -- La competencia digital en el diseño curricular: desde la
biblioteca al aula / Felicidad Campal García. -- O deselvomimento da pesquisa escolar por
meio da competência em informaçao / Luciane de Fátima Cavalcante Beckman y Marta Leandro
da Mata. -- Proyecto escolar de investigación documental "Te pillé leyendo" / José Manuel
Garrido Argandoña. -- Aprender com a Biblioteca Escolar: formar para as literacias / Paula
Correia y Isabel Mendinhos. -- Sucedió en el siglo XX / María Antonia Becerra Montalbán,
Ángel Bernabé Muñoz y Sofía Vaz Romero. -- El Club de lectura en la nube / Belén Benito
Blázquez y Ana Ordás García. -- Promover a leitura e a escrita na era digital:
prácticas nas bibliotecas escolares / María Raquel Ramos. -- A biblioteca escolar e o
desafío da interculturalidade: o projeto Ser + cidadao / María da Conceição Tomé. --
Cuando la competencia digital encontró a la alfabetización informacional o Mucho ruido y
pocas nueces / Felicidad Campal García. -- Hora de ler, un programa para el fomento de la
lectura en contexto educativo / Cristina Novoa. -- Hábitos de lectura para las
competencias en información y alfabetización en información en bibliotecas escolares de
Puerto Rico / Karen Denise Centeno Casillas. -- Repositorios digitales en las bibliotecas
escolares andaluzas: situación, modelos y herramientas para su creación / Dolores Olmos
Olmos y Andrés Pulido Villar. -- Trabajando las competencias clave con las aventuras de
Mozarito en Extremadura / María Teresa Carballosa González y María Esther Nieto Vidal. --
Análisis de modelos de evaluación de la web de la biblioteca escolar / Raúl Cremades
García. -- Emociónate con las historias: El bosque de las emociones e historias con mucho
teatro / Esther Luis Pérez y Ana María Peromingo Fernández. -- Biblioteca escolar de
innovación y continuación / E. María Guerrero Palacios y Silvia Mora Ramírez. -- Uso de
estándares y licencias para la creación y difusión de contenidos en las bibliotecas
escolares / José Luis Barreiro Cebey. -- La biblioteca escolar digital móvil / Javier
Fernández Delgado. -- Uso de aplicaciones móviles para el desarrollo de
la competencia lingüística. Proyecto Hansel App Gretel / Dolores Olmos Olmos. -- A memória
e a mediação segundo Vigotski / Leda Maria Araújo, Patricia Celia Santana, Sueli Bortolin
y Leticia Gorri Molina. -- Bibliotecas escolares como tema de estudo dos alunos de
graduação em blioteconomia do Instituto de Ensino Superior da FUNLEC: estado da arte /
Tiago Pereira Nocera y Rodrigo Pereira. -- Ações de mediação da leitura e da informação
em bibliotecas escolares: um olhar sobre as bibliotecas dos Colégios de Aplicação /
Tatyanne Christina Gonçalves Ferreira Valdez y Alberto Calil Júnior. -- Mediação
pedagógica numa biblioteca de escola pública em Londrina / Rovilson José da Silva, Teba
Silva Yllana y Sueli Bortolin. -- Utilização de categorias por cores em sistema de
biblioteca voltado ao público infanto-juvenil / Liliana Giusti Serra. -- Atividades de
ensino dos atos de leitura com crianças em risco social / Adriana Naomi Fukushima da Silva
y Dagoberto Buim Arena. -- Biblioteca escolar: espaço de significados entre
alunos, professores e bibliotecários / Rodrigo Barbosa Paulo, Marisa Xavier, Helen Castro
Casarin y Creuza Barbaroto. -- A Biblioteca Escolar no Contexto da Legislação e
do Processo Educativo / Eliane Lourdes da Silva Moro, Francisca Rosaline Leite Mota y
Raimundo Martins de Lima. -- O jornal impresso como fonte de informação: a importância da
formação de leitores críticos / Mariana Pícaro Cerigatto. -- Bibliotecas escolares no
estado do Rio Grande do Sul: a trajetória de realização dos fóruns gaúchos pela melhoria
das bibliotecas escolares / Eliane Lourdes da Silva Moro y Lizandra Brasil Estabel. -- O
acesso à informação dos usuários surdos na biblioteca escolar / André Luís Onório
Coneglian y Mayara Melo Santana. -- Aprendizagem coletiva de bibliotecários e a
competência de pesquisa dos docentes: o caso do Instituto Federal do Espírito Santo /
Maristela Almeida Mercandeli Rodrigues y Beatriz Quiroz Villardi. -- Biblioteca escolar:
atores, parâmetros e competências / Mavi Galante Mancera Dall´Acqua Carvalho y Claudio
Marcondes de Castro Filho. -- Estratégias de aprendizagem de escrita no
Ensino Fundamental II / Érika Christina Kohle. -- Bebês e livros: leitura nas bebetecas.
Kenia Adriana de Aquino Modesto Silva, Juliane Francischeti Martins Motoyama y Renata
Junqueira de Souza. -- Práticas alternativas para organização de acervos nos espaços de
leitura em ambientes escolares / Luciana Souza Gracioso, Ariovaldo Alves,
Débora Nascimento, Suelen Redondo, Tainara Torika Kiri de Castro, Elizabete Angelon y
Eduardo Barbosa. -- Reflexões sobre a modelagem e criação de uma Rede Virtual de Leitores
para Bibliotecas Escolares / Carla Floriana Martins y Raoni Guerra Rajão. -- Biblioteca
escolar: espaço de formação leitora? / Silvana Ferreira de Souza Balsan y Renata
Junqueira de Souza. -- “Se a Biblioteca Escolar é minha mãe, o Google é meu pai”:
representações da relação entre Biblioteca Escolar e Google no imaginário de
alunos do ensino técnico / Adriana Bogliolo Sirihal-Duarte, Maria L. Amorim Antunes y
Raquel Miranda Vilela Paiva. -- Desafios e propostas para a universalização das
bibliotecas escolares no Brasil e na Espanha / Rodrigo Pereira, Daniela Spudeit y Fernanda
de Sales. -- Bibliotecário educador: possibilidades de atuação no contexto da biblioteca
escolar / André Carlos da Silva, Valéria Martin Valls y Mariana de Paula Silva. -- Uma ONG
para Bibliotecas Escolares : estratégia para ampliar a igualdade e capacidade de acesso
e uso da informação e educação escolar de qualidade / Suelen Camilo Ferreira y Luciana de
Souza Gracioso. -- O aluno com deficência: o papel do bibliotecário na disponibilidade de
recursos acessíveis na biblioteca escolar / Adriano de Sales Coelho, Rosilene de Melo
Oliveira y Marcos Pastana Santos. -- Biblioteca digital virtual e o uso do tablete: uma
possibilidade de construção de novas práticas de leitura na escola / Barbara Cibelli da
Silva Monteagudo y Dagoberto Buim Arena. -- A importância da biblioteca na educação de
crianças de 0 a 3 anos / Yngrid Karolline Mendonça Costa y Cyntia Graziella Guizelim
Simões Girotto. -- Comportamento Informacional de adolescentes: a relação com bibliotecas
e escolas / Nelson Sebastian Silva-Jerez y Helen de Castro S. Casarin
Spatiotemporal Characteristics of the Largest HIV-1 CRF02_AG Outbreak in Spain: Evidence for Onward Transmissions
Background and Aim: The circulating recombinant form 02_AG (CRF02_AG) is the predominant clade among the human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) non-Bs with a prevalence of 5.97% (95% Confidence Interval-CI: 5.41–6.57%) across Spain. Our aim was to estimate the levels of regional clustering for CRF02_AG and the spatiotemporal characteristics of the largest CRF02_AG subepidemic in Spain.Methods: We studied 396 CRF02_AG sequences obtained from HIV-1 diagnosed patients during 2000–2014 from 10 autonomous communities of Spain. Phylogenetic analysis was performed on the 391 CRF02_AG sequences along with all globally sampled CRF02_AG sequences (N = 3,302) as references. Phylodynamic and phylogeographic analysis was performed to the largest CRF02_AG monophyletic cluster by a Bayesian method in BEAST v1.8.0 and by reconstructing ancestral states using the criterion of parsimony in Mesquite v3.4, respectively.Results: The HIV-1 CRF02_AG prevalence differed across Spanish autonomous communities we sampled from (p < 0.001). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that 52.7% of the CRF02_AG sequences formed 56 monophyletic clusters, with a range of 2–79 sequences. The CRF02_AG regional dispersal differed across Spain (p = 0.003), as suggested by monophyletic clustering. For the largest monophyletic cluster (subepidemic) (N = 79), 49.4% of the clustered sequences originated from Madrid, while most sequences (51.9%) had been obtained from men having sex with men (MSM). Molecular clock analysis suggested that the origin (tMRCA) of the CRF02_AG subepidemic was in 2002 (median estimate; 95% Highest Posterior Density-HPD interval: 1999–2004). Additionally, we found significant clustering within the CRF02_AG subepidemic according to the ethnic origin.Conclusion: CRF02_AG has been introduced as a result of multiple introductions in Spain, following regional dispersal in several cases. We showed that CRF02_AG transmissions were mostly due to regional dispersal in Spain. The hot-spot for the largest CRF02_AG regional subepidemic in Spain was in Madrid associated with MSM transmission risk group. The existence of subepidemics suggest that several spillovers occurred from Madrid to other areas. CRF02_AG sequences from Hispanics were clustered in a separate subclade suggesting no linkage between the local and Hispanic subepidemics
Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries
Abstract
Background
Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres.
Methods
This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries.
Results
In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia.
Conclusion
This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries