Una orientación propedéutica al másigt hablado en Melilla

Este artículo recoge uno de los muchos esquemas posibles para la iniciación en el conocimiento del másigt hablado en Melilla, un idioma que constituye una de las entidades culturales fundamentales de nuestra ciudad. Este esquema adopta un objetivo meramente propedéutico en dos sentidos: a) su ciclicidad, esto es, partiendo de unos presupuestos gramaticales y de un vocabulario mínimo se sientan unas bases (lo más adaptadas posibles al español en cuanto a escritura) para ampliarse cuantitativamente y cualitativamente; b) su orientación fundamental que alude a la ciclicidad pretendida en función de la oralidad y la reflexión a realizar por el lector

Diferencias en el desempeno en pruebas de software visual en función del género. Un estudio con jugadores y jugadoras de baloncesto de 13 anos

The paper presents a study based on a sample of thirteen-year-old boys and girls from the Spanish Basketball Federations team of talented young players. The aim was to try and evaluate the influence of gender in reactions to visual software tests, measured in response times and an awareness of anticipatory action in one-to-one situations in basketball. The participants took part in two tests, using the Reflex programme and Pantallex system, which had been designed and developed by the authors of this study. The number of correct answers and mistakes were measured, together with the response time in milliseconds. The results show that the female players got a higher number of correct answers when their capacity for perceptual anticipation and awareness of anticipatory action was tested with the Reflex programme. Likewise, their response time was better in both tests, with significant differences between both groups in the number of correctanswers with the Reflex programme and in the three perceptual anticipation indexes (one for each test and a third mean index of both the latter)

Effets des tempêtes sur une plage aménagée et à forte protection côtière : la plage des Éloux (côte de Noirmoutier, Vendée, France)

 L’analyse diachronique des données disponibles sur le long terme montre que l’érosion de la plage des Éloux dans l’île de Noirmoutier (France) s’est produite entre 1832 et 2008 à des vitesses variables avec un taux moyen de recul du trait de côte de 0,7 m/an. La période 1999-2008 enregistre un fort recul du trait de côte avec un taux moyen de 1,9 m/an. Dans ce contexte, une forte tempête comme celle du 10 mars 2008, si elle contribue à la tendance érosive générale, n’a pas entraîné de conséquences morphogéniques très importantes sur l’île de Noirmoutier. Cet article cherche à estimer cet impact sur la plage des Éloux et à mettre en lumière le fait que l’effet minime de cette tempête importante est imputable à divers facteurs qui sont discutés (dérive inversée, stock sédimentaire disponible sur l’avant plage, défenses côtières).The diachronic analysis of available data shows that the erosion of the Éloux beach along Noirmoutier Island occurred at variable rates between 1832 and 2008 with a mean rate of 0,7 m/year. The period between 1997-2008 shows generalized erosion with a mean rate of 1,9 m/year. The impact of the 10 Marsh 2008 storm on the coastline of Noirmoutier Island appears moderate compared to these rates. This paper aims at assessing the impact of this storm on Les Éloux Beach. It is believed that the relatively low impact of this storm is mainly due to three factors : reversed littoral drift, intertidal sand bank source, and coastal defence

Ecology and extent of freshwater browning-What we know and what should be studied next in the context of global change

Water browning or brownification refers to increasing water color, often related to increasing dissolved organic matter (DOM) and carbon (DOC) content in freshwaters. Browning has been recognized as a significant physicochemical phe-nomenon altering boreal lakes, but our understanding of its ecological consequences in different freshwater habitats and regions is limited. Here, we review the consequences of browning on different freshwater habitats, food webs and aquatic-terrestrial habitat coupling. We examine global trends of browning and DOM/DOC, and the use of remote sensing as a tool to investigate browning from local to global scales. Studies have focused on lakes and rivers while sel-dom addressing effects at the catchment scale. Other freshwater habitats such as small and temporary waterbodies have been overlooked, making the study of the entire network of the catchment incomplete. While past research inves-tigated the response of primary producers, aquatic invertebrates and fishes, the effects of browning on macrophytes, invasive species, and food webs have been understudied. Research has focused on freshwater habitats without consid-ering the fluxes between aquatic and terrestrial habitats. We highlight the importance of understanding how the changes in one habitat may cascade to another. Browning is a broader phenomenon than the heretofore concentration on the boreal region. Overall, we propose that future studies improve the ecological understanding of browning through the following research actions: 1) increasing our knowledge of ecological processes of browning in other wetland types than lakes and rivers, 2) assessing the impact of browning on aquatic food webs at multiple scales, 3) examining the effects of browning on aquatic-terrestrial habitat coupling, 4) expanding our knowledge of browning from the local to global scale, and 5) using remote sensing to examine browning and its ecological consequences.Peer reviewe

Assessing, quantifying and valuing the ecosystem services of coastal lagoons

The natural conservation of coastal lagoons is important not only for their ecological importance, but also because of the valuable ecosystem services they provide for human welfare and wellbeing. Coastal lagoons are shallow semi-enclosed systems that support important habitats such as wetlands, mangroves, salt-marshes and seagrass meadows, as well as a rich biodiversity. Coastal lagoons are also complex social-ecological systems with ecosystem services that provide livelihoods, wellbeing and welfare to humans. This study assessed, quantified and valued the ecosystem services of 32 coastal lagoons. The main findings of the study are: (i) the definitions of ecosystem services are still not generally accepted; (ii) the quantification of ecosystem services is made in many different ways, using different units; (iii) the evaluation in monetary terms of some ecosystem service is problematic, often relying on non-monetary evaluation methods; (iv) when ecosystem services are valued in monetary terms, this may represent very different human benefits; and, (v) different aspects of climate change, including increasing temperature, sea-level rise and changes in rainfall patterns threaten the valuable ecosystem services of coastal lagoons.DEVOTES project, from the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration [308392]; networks and communities of Eurolag; Future Earth Coasts; SCOR; Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT) Investigador Programme [IF/00331/2013]; Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia [UID/MAR/04292/2013]; CESAM by FCT/MEC national funds (PIDDAC) [UID/AMB/50017/2013 - POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007638]; FEDER; European Commission, under the 7th Framework Programme through the collaborative research project LAGOONS [283157]; FCT [SFRH/BPD/107823/2015, SFRH/BPD/91494/2012

Ecology and extent of freshwater browning - What we know and what should be studied next in the context of global change

Water browning or brownification refers to increasing water color, often related to increasing dissolved organic matter (DOM) and carbon (DOC) content in freshwaters. Browning has been recognized as a significant physicochemical phenomenon altering boreal lakes, but our understanding of its ecological consequences in different freshwater habitats and regions is limited. Here, we review the consequences of browning on different freshwater habitats, food webs and aquatic-terrestrial habitat coupling. We examine global trends of browning and DOM/DOC, and the use of remote sensing as a tool to investigate browning from local to global scales. Studies have focused on lakes and rivers while seldom addressing effects at the catchment scale. Other freshwater habitats such as small and temporary waterbodies have been overlooked, making the study of the entire network of the catchment incomplete. While past research investigated the response of primary producers, aquatic invertebrates and fishes, the effects of browning on macrophytes, invasive species, and food webs have been understudied. Research has focused on freshwater habitats without considering the fluxes between aquatic and terrestrial habitats. We highlight the importance of understanding how the changes in one habitat may cascade to another. Browning is a broader phenomenon than the heretofore concentration on the boreal region. Overall, we propose that future studies improve the ecological understanding of browning through the following research actions: 1) increasing our knowledge of ecological processes of browning in other wetland types than lakes and rivers, 2) assessing the impact of browning on aquatic food webs at multiple scales, 3) examining the effects of browning on aquatic-terrestrial habitat coupling, 4) expanding our knowledge of browning from the local to global scale, and 5) using remote sensing to examine browning and its ecological consequences.</p

ÉTUDE SÉDIMENTOLOGIQUE DU REMPLISSAGE DE LA LAGUNE DE SIDI MOUSSA, MAROC

pas disponibleLa lagune de Sidi Moussa (côte atlantique marocaine) est séparée de l'océan par uncordon de dunes consolidées. Son bassin versant est constitué des terrains de crétacé et deplioquaternaire. Le régime hydrologique se caractérise par une alimentation essentiellementmarine qui prédomine sur les apports continentaux. Le climat est de type méditerranéen sousinfluence océanique.L'approche morphologique de la lagune, basé d'une part, sur les photos d'interprétionset d'autre part, par les observations in situ montre l'existence de quatre unitésmorphologiques : 1- la zone de la passe principale et le delta interne de marée, 2- Chenal, lazone intertidale et les schorres, 3- les marais salants et 4- le cordon littoral.L'étude sédimentologique, minéralogique et géochimique de la couverture récentemontre l'existence de deux domaines :- Un domaine à influence marine prépondérante, situé dans la zone aval de la lagune,caractérisé par des faciès sableux pauvres en éléments métalliques et en matière organique etriches en strontium et en carbonates d'origine biogénique.- Un domaine typiquement lagunaire, situé dans la zone amont de la lagune, caractérisé pardes faciès silteux à silto-argileux riches en métaux lourds et en matière organique et pauvresen strontium et en carbonates.L'étude des caractères sédimentologiques, minéralogiques et géochimiques descarottes permet de retrouver les deux ensembles précités superposés dans les carottes avec àla base un faciès à dominance marine littorale qui caractérise un milieu ouvert et au sommetun faciès typiquement lagunaire qui caractérise un milieu relativement fermé. Cette évolutionverticale des faciès tend vers un comblement lagunaire, ce qui est en accord avec le schémaévolutif des lagunes proposées par Bird 1994.Toute fois les teneurs en éléments métalliques des sédiments restent inférieures auxteneurs observées dans d'autres systèmes lagunaires similaires au Maroc tel que Oualidia, lalagune de Nador, ou en Europe (lagune de Venise, lagune d'Arcachon). Ces faibles teneurssont l'expression d'une pollution faible ou nulle de cet écosystème

Heavy metal concentrations in marine molluscs from the Moroccan coastal region

International audienceMussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis), clams (Venerupis decussatus) and oysters (Crassostrea gigas) were sampled seasonally during 2004-2005, from different coastal environments of Morocco in order to measure their accumulated heavy metal concentrations. The concentrations of Hg and Pb were determined by AFS and ICP-MS methods, respectively, whilst the remaining metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Zn and Ni) were quantified by AAS. The soft tissue concentrations of the mussels were on average 7.2 mg kg-1 (Cd), 9.6 mg kg-1 (Pb), 0.6 mg kg-1 (Hg), 26.8 mg kg-1 (Cu), 8.8 mg kg-1 (Cr), 292 mg kg-1 (Zn), 20.8 mg kg-1 (Mn) and 32.8 mg kg-1 (Ni). The highest tissue heavy metal concentrations were recorded in the south from the industrial area of Jorf Lasfar. The relationships between metal concentration and season in each species showed very similar annual profiles with a peak observed around spring-summer. Statistical analysis indicated that different species showed different bioaccumulation of metals depending on study site and season. The accumulated metal concentrations in bivalves from the clean stations may be considered as useful Atlantic coast reference background levels for future comparison

Biomonitoring of Heavy Metals Using Mytilus galloprovincialis in Safi Coastal Waters, Morocco

International audienceHeavy metal concentrations of mercury, cadmium, lead, zinc, cooper, nickel, manganese, and chromium in Mytilus galloprovincialis were investigated to provide information on pollution of Safi coastal area, since these metals have the highest toxic potential. The concentration of Hg and Pb was determined by AFS and ICP-MS methods, respectively, whilst the remaining metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Zn, and Ni) were quantified by AAS. High lead, cadmium, chromium, and mercury levels were registered in tissue samples collected from two stations near the Jorf Lihoudi and Safi city, while elevated concentration of manganese and zinc (14.70-25.30 mg kg21 and 570-650 mg kg21 dry wt, respectively) were found in mussel specimens from Cap Cantin. The high levels of nickel found respectively in the areas near the industrial area being of concern in terms of environmental health need frequent monitoring. The metal concentrations recorded at the clean stations may be considered as useful background levels to which to refer for comparison within the Atlantic coast. M. galloprovincialis are suitable biomonitors to investigate the contamination levels of heavy metals pollution face a different human activity in this coastal area of the Atlantic coast

Quantification et organisation du transit sédimentaire dans la baie d'El Jadida (Maroc Atlantique)

National audienc