840 research outputs found
Satisfaction of Mortgage
Satisfaction of Mortgage between J. J. Freeze to G. M. D. Bowers and B. R. Colson. The document is dated 11 April 1914
Bicuspid Aortic Valve: a Review with Recommendations for Genetic Counseling
Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is the most common congenital heart defect and falls in the spectrum of left-sided heart defects, also known as left ventricular outflow tract obstructive (LVOTO) defects. BAV is often identified in otherwise healthy, asymptomatic individuals, but it is associated with serious long term health risks including progressive aortic valve disease (stenosis or regurgitation) and thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection. BAV and other LVOTO defects have high heritability. Although recommendations for cardiac screening of BAV in at-risk relatives exist, there are no standard guidelines for providing genetic counseling to patients and families with BAV. This review describes current knowledge of BAV and associated aortopathy and provides guidance to genetic counselors involved in the care of patients and families with these malformations. The heritability of BAV and recommendations for screening are highlighted. While this review focuses specifically on BAV, the principles are applicable to counseling needs for other LVOTO defects
On the generalized Davenport constant and the Noether number
Known results on the generalized Davenport constant related to zero-sum
sequences over a finite abelian group are extended to the generalized Noether
number related to the rings of polynomial invariants of an arbitrary finite
group. An improved general upper bound is given on the degrees of polynomial
invariants of a non-cyclic finite group which cut out the zero vector.Comment: 14 page
Efficient multiphoton sampling of molecular vibronic spectra on a superconducting bosonic processor
The efficient simulation of quantum systems is a primary motivating factor
for developing controllable quantum machines. For addressing systems with
underlying bosonic structure, it is advantageous to utilize a naturally bosonic
platform. Optical photons passing through linear networks may be configured to
perform quantum simulation tasks, but the efficient preparation and detection
of multiphoton quantum states of light in linear optical systems are
challenging. Here, we experimentally implement a boson sampling protocol for
simulating molecular vibronic spectra [Nature Photonics , 615
(2015)] in a two-mode superconducting device. In addition to enacting the
requisite set of Gaussian operations across both modes, we fulfill the
scalability requirement by demonstrating, for the first time in any platform, a
high-fidelity single-shot photon number resolving detection scheme capable of
resolving up to 15 photons per mode. Furthermore, we exercise the capability of
synthesizing non-Gaussian input states to simulate spectra of molecular
ensembles in vibrational excited states. We show the re-programmability of our
implementation by extracting the spectra of photoelectron processes in HO,
O, NO, and SO. The capabilities highlighted in this work establish
the superconducting architecture as a promising platform for bosonic
simulations, and by combining them with tools such as Kerr interactions and
engineered dissipation, enable the simulation of a wider class of bosonic
systems
The effects of CO2, climate and land-use on terrestrial carbon balance, 1920-1992: An analysis with four process-based ecosystem models
The concurrent effects of increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration, climate variability, and cropland establishment and abandonment on terrestrial carbon storage between 1920 and 1992 were assessed using a standard simulation protocol with four process-based terrestrial biosphere models. Over the long-term(1920–1992), the simulations yielded a time history of terrestrial uptake that is consistent (within the uncertainty) with a long-term analysis based on ice core and atmospheric CO2 data. Up to 1958, three of four analyses indicated a net release of carbon from terrestrial ecosystems to the atmosphere caused by cropland establishment. After 1958, all analyses indicate a net uptake of carbon by terrestrial ecosystems, primarily because of the physiological effects of rapidly rising atmospheric CO2. During the 1980s the simulations indicate that terrestrial ecosystems stored between 0.3 and 1.5 Pg C yr−1, which is within the uncertainty of analysis based on CO2 and O2 budgets. Three of the four models indicated (in accordance with O2 evidence) that the tropics were approximately neutral while a net sink existed in ecosystems north of the tropics. Although all of the models agree that the long-term effect of climate on carbon storage has been small relative to the effects of increasing atmospheric CO2 and land use, the models disagree as to whether climate variability and change in the twentieth century has promoted carbon storage or release. Simulated interannual variability from 1958 generally reproduced the El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO)-scale variability in the atmospheric CO2 increase, but there were substantial differences in the magnitude of interannual variability simulated by the models. The analysis of the ability of the models to simulate the changing amplitude of the seasonal cycle of atmospheric CO2 suggested that the observed trend may be a consequence of CO2 effects, climate variability, land use changes, or a combination of these effects. The next steps for improving the process-based simulation of historical terrestrial carbon include (1) the transfer of insight gained from stand-level process studies to improve the sensitivity of simulated carbon storage responses to changes in CO2 and climate, (2) improvements in the data sets used to drive the models so that they incorporate the timing, extent, and types of major disturbances, (3) the enhancement of the models so that they consider major crop types and management schemes, (4) development of data sets that identify the spatial extent of major crop types and management schemes through time, and (5) the consideration of the effects of anthropogenic nitrogen deposition. The evaluation of the performance of the models in the context of a more complete consideration of the factors influencing historical terrestrial carbon dynamics is important for reducing uncertainties in representing the role of terrestrial ecosystems in future projections of the Earth system
On the use of DHB/aniline and DHB/N,N-dimethylaniline matrices for improved detection of carbohydrates: Automated identification of oligosaccharides and quantitative analysis of sialylated glycans by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry
Linear and nonlinear convection in porous media between coaxial cylinders
We uncover novel features of three-dimensional natural convection in porous media by investigating convection in an annular porous cavity contained between two vertical coaxial cylinders. The investigations are made using a linear stability analysis, together with high-order numerical simulations using pseudospectral methods to model the nonlinear regime. The onset of convection cells and their preferred planform are studied, and the stability of the modes with respect to different types of perturbation is investigated. We also examine how variations in the Rayleigh number affect the convection modes and their stability regimes. Compared with previously published data, we show how the problem inherits an increased complexity regarding which modes will be obtained. Some stable secondary modes or mixed modes have been identified and some overlapping stability regions for different convective modes are determined
NeuralHydrology -- Interpreting LSTMs in Hydrology
Despite the huge success of Long Short-Term Memory networks, their
applications in environmental sciences are scarce. We argue that one reason is
the difficulty to interpret the internals of trained networks. In this study,
we look at the application of LSTMs for rainfall-runoff forecasting, one of the
central tasks in the field of hydrology, in which the river discharge has to be
predicted from meteorological observations. LSTMs are particularly well-suited
for this problem since memory cells can represent dynamic reservoirs and
storages, which are essential components in state-space modelling approaches of
the hydrological system. On basis of two different catchments, one with snow
influence and one without, we demonstrate how the trained model can be analyzed
and interpreted. In the process, we show that the network internally learns to
represent patterns that are consistent with our qualitative understanding of
the hydrological system.Comment: Pre-print of published book chapter. See journal reference and DOI
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Hyperresolution information and hyperresolution ignorance in modelling the hydrology of the land surface
There is a strong drive towards hyperresolution earth system models in order to resolve finer scales of motion in the atmosphere. The problem of obtaining more realistic representation of terrestrial fluxes of heat and water, however, is not just a problem of moving to hyperresolution grid scales. It is much more a question of a lack of knowledge about the parameterisation of processes at whatever grid scale is being used for a wider modelling problem. Hyperresolution grid scales cannot alone solve the problem of this hyperresolution ignorance. This paper discusses these issues in more detail with specific reference to land surface parameterisations and flood inundation models. The importance of making local hyperresolution model predictions available for evaluation by local stakeholders is stressed. It is expected that this will be a major driving force for improving model performance in the future.
Keith BEVEN, Hannah CLOKE, Florian PAPPENBERGER, Rob LAMB, Neil HUNTE
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