Diseño participativo de interacción tangible con fines educativos

Desde 2015 el proyecto CETA desarrolla actividades interdisciplinarias de investigación vinculadas al diseño de interacción, con un fuerte énfasis en la apropiación de la tecnología por parte de la comunidad. En el marco de diversos proyectos financiados se han creado los dispositivos de interacción tangible CETA e i-CETA (diseñado para niños con discapacidad visual).De estos desarrollos ha participado un nutrido equipo de investigadores/as conformaciones bien distintas y complementarias, incluyendo educadores/as, comunicadores/as, informáticos/as, psicólogos/as, diseñadores/as, ilustradores/as y músicos. Actualmente nos encontramos llevando adelante un proyecto en el paradigma del diseño participativo por el cual maestras, niños y expertos participan del proceso de diseño a través de entrevistas, talleres y otras actividades de investigación. La perspectiva analítica ganada a través de este enfoque nos ha permitido reflexionar acerca de cómo poner el diseño de interacción al servicio de las necesidades del aula, cómo rescatar los métodos de enseñanza tradicionales empleados por las maestras y cuáles son los principales obstáculos para la apropiación de la tecnología por parte de las educadoras. Finalmente también reflexionamos acerca de la situación de los investigadores latinoamericanos de nuestro campo considerando el particular contexto en el que nos encontramos.Agencia Nacional de Investigación e Innovación - ANIIFundación Ceiba

Tonic immobility in PTSD : exacerbation of emotional cardiac defense response.

Among defensive behaviors, tonic immobility (TI) is considered the last defensive resort when life is at extreme risk. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is the main psychiatric consequence resulting from exposure to traumatic events. Increasing evidence indicate an association between peritraumatic tonic immobilility and severity of PTSD. Cardiac defense response, a reactivity to perceived danger or threat, has been studied by recording heart rate changes that follows the presentation of an unpredictable intense auditory aversive stimulus. The aim of this study was to investigate potential distinctiveness in cardiac defense response among PTSD patients who presented ? compared to those that did not ? TI reaction in the laboratory setting. Patients (N = 17) completed the TI questionnaire for signs of immobility elicited by passive listening to their autobiographical trauma script. After a while, they were exposed to an intense white noise, while electrocardiogram was recorded. The heart rate during the 80 s after the noise, subtracted from baseline, was analyzed. Higher reports of TI to the trauma script were associated with stronger and sustained heart rate accelerations after the noise. The effects on cardiac defense response add to increasing evidence that some PTSD patients are prone to repeated re-experiences of TI, which may implicate in a potentially distinct pathophysiology and even a new PTSD subtype

Photography-based taxonomy is inadequate, unnecessary, and potentially harmful for biological sciences

The question whether taxonomic descriptions naming new animal species without type specimen(s) deposited in collections should be accepted for publication by scientific journals and allowed by the Code has already been discussed in Zootaxa (Dubois & Nemésio 2007; Donegan 2008, 2009; Nemésio 2009a–b; Dubois 2009; Gentile & Snell 2009; Minelli 2009; Cianferoni & Bartolozzi 2016; Amorim et al. 2016). This question was again raised in a letter supported by 35 signatories published in the journal Nature (Pape et al. 2016) on 15 September 2016. On 25 September 2016, the following rebuttal (strictly limited to 300 words as per the editorial rules of Nature) was submitted to Nature, which on 18 October 2016 refused to publish it. As we think this problem is a very important one for zoological taxonomy, this text is published here exactly as submitted to Nature, followed by the list of the 493 taxonomists and collection-based researchers who signed it in the short time span from 20 September to 6 October 2016

Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 3663 population-representative studies with 222 million children, adolescents, and adults

Background Underweight and obesity are associated with adverse health outcomes throughout the life course. We estimated the individual and combined prevalence of underweight or thinness and obesity, and their changes, from 1990 to 2022 for adults and school-aged children and adolescents in 200 countries and territories. Methods We used data from 3663 population-based studies with 222 million participants that measured height and weight in representative samples of the general population. We used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends in the prevalence of different BMI categories, separately for adults (age ≥20 years) and school-aged children and adolescents (age 5–19 years), from 1990 to 2022 for 200 countries and territories. For adults, we report the individual and combined prevalence of underweight (BMI <18·5 kg/m2) and obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2). For schoolaged children and adolescents, we report thinness (BMI <2 SD below the median of the WHO growth reference) and obesity (BMI >2 SD above the median). Findings From 1990 to 2022, the combined prevalence of underweight and obesity in adults decreased in 11 countries (6%) for women and 17 (9%) for men with a posterior probability of at least 0·80 that the observed changes were true decreases. The combined prevalence increased in 162 countries (81%) for women and 140 countries (70%) for men with a posterior probability of at least 0·80. In 2022, the combined prevalence of underweight and obesity was highest in island nations in the Caribbean and Polynesia and Micronesia, and countries in the Middle East and north Africa. Obesity prevalence was higher than underweight with posterior probability of at least 0·80 in 177 countries (89%) for women and 145 (73%) for men in 2022, whereas the converse was true in 16 countries (8%) for women, and 39 (20%) for men. From 1990 to 2022, the combined prevalence of thinness and obesity decreased among girls in five countries (3%) and among boys in 15 countries (8%) with a posterior probability of at least 0·80, and increased among girls in 140 countries (70%) and boys in 137 countries (69%) with a posterior probability of at least 0·80. The countries with highest combined prevalence of thinness and obesity in school-aged children and adolescents in 2022 were in Polynesia and Micronesia and the Caribbean for both sexes, and Chile and Qatar for boys. Combined prevalence was also high in some countries in south Asia, such as India and Pakistan, where thinness remained prevalent despite having declined. In 2022, obesity in school-aged children and adolescents was more prevalent than thinness with a posterior probability of at least 0·80 among girls in 133 countries (67%) and boys in 125 countries (63%), whereas the converse was true in 35 countries (18%) and 42 countries (21%), respectively. In almost all countries for both adults and school-aged children and adolescents, the increases in double burden were driven by increases in obesity, and decreases in double burden by declining underweight or thinness. Interpretation The combined burden of underweight and obesity has increased in most countries, driven by an increase in obesity, while underweight and thinness remain prevalent in south Asia and parts of Africa. A healthy nutrition transition that enhances access to nutritious foods is needed to address the remaining burden of underweight while curbing and reversing the increase in obesit

The Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria: a bibliometric survey

Objetivo: Bibliometria é um grupo de métodos estatísticos e matemáticos empregados para medir e analisar a quantidade e a qualidade de artigos científicos, livros e outras formas de publicações. O objetivo do presente estudo foi realizar uma análise bibliométrica do Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria (JBP), relacionando seus 100 artigos mais citados na literatura científica e identificando suas principais características em termos de autoria e questões de pesquisa e delineamento experimental. Métodos: As 100 referências mais citadas no JBP foram identificadas por meio de uma busca no Google Scholar. Foram registradas e analisadas as seguintes informações: autor principal, último autor, autor correspondente, número total de autores, gênero dos autores, ano de publicação, instituição de pesquisa, origem geográfica e idioma de cada referência e seu tema de investigação e delineamento metodológico. Resultados: O aumento acentuado no número de citações nos últimos 15 anos, a boa distribuição das publicações entre os estados e centros de pesquisa brasileiros, a ausência de viés de gênero entre os autores e a variada gama de tópicos publicados sugerem um bom desempenho editorial atual do JBP. A relativa falta de revisões sistemáticas e estudos longitudinais, os poucos artigos publicados em inglês e a pequena participação de autores estrangeiros são pontos que requerem melhorias. Conclusão: O presente estudo sugere que o levantamento dos 100 artigos mais citados no JBP pode fornecer um panorama histórico da evolução dessa revista, bem como destacar os principais obstáculos, restrições e desafios enfrentados por seus editores e autoresSimObjective: Bibliometrics is a group of statistical and mathematical methods employed to measure and analyze the quantity and the quality of scientific articles, books, and other forms of publications. The objective of the present study was to conduct a bibliometric analysis of the Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria (JBP) by listing its 100 most highly cited articles in the scientific literature and identifying their main characteristics in terms of authorship and research topics and design. Methods: The one hundred top-cited references in the JBP were identified through a search with Google Scholar. The main author, last author, corresponding author, the total number of authors, gender of the authors, year of publication, research institution, geographic origin, language, and the research design and subject of each reference were recorded and analyzed. Results: A marked increase in the number of citations in the last 15 years, a relatively balanced distribution of publications among the Brazilian states and research centers, absence of gender bias among authors, and a varied range of published topics suggest a good current editorial performance by the JBP. Relative lack of systematic reviews and longitudinal studies, dearth of articles published in the English language, and modest participation of foreign authors were points requiring improvement. Conclusion: The present study suggests that a survey of the one hundred most cited articles in the JBP can provide a historical overview of the progress of this journal, as well as highlight the main obstacles, constraints, and challenges faced by its editors and authors

Occurrences of Ornithocoris toledoi (Cimicidae) on a free-range chicken farm in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Abstract Ornithocoris toledoi is a hematophagous insect that parasites birds, particularly, galliformes. Although the occurrence of this arthropod is relatively low in Brazil, this is an important ectoparasite associated with backyarding poultry. The objective of this study was to report the occurrence of O. toledoi in a free-range chicken farm in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, including aspects of its taxonomic identification, biology and epidemiology

Informe final del proyecto: CETA, expandiendo las posibilidades de la interacción tangible en escuelas

Desde 2015 el proyecto CETA desarrolla actividades interdisciplinarias de investigación vinculadas al diseño de interacción, con un fuerte énfasis en la apropiación de la tecnología por parte de la comunidad. En el marco de diversos proyectos financiados se han creado los dispositivos de interacción tangible CETA e iCETA (diseñado para niños con discapacidad visual). De estos desarrollos ha participado un nutrido equipo de investigadores/as con formaciones bien distintas y complementarias, incluyendo, educadores/as, comunicadores/as, informáticos/as, psicólogos/as, diseñadores/as, ilustradores/as y músicos. En el presente proyecto llevamos adelante un proyecto en el paradigma del diseño participativo por el cual maestras, niños y expertos participan del proceso de diseño a través de entrevistas, talleres y otras actividades de investigación. A partir de estas actividades pudimos detectar oportunidades de mejora de los juegos creados en anteriores proyectos y desarrollar nuevas aplicaciones. A partir del diálogo con las maestras se definió desarrollar un juego que promueva el aprendizaje de la lectoescritura basado en el empleo de manipulables. Esta aplicación también se adapta a niños ciegos y con baja visión. Por otra parte, a través de las distintas instancias participativas se comenzaron a delinear distintas actividades de aula para llevar adelante con los desarrollos creados, algo que es fundamental para promover la apropiación de la tecnología.Agencia Nacional de Investigación e Innovació

The role of childhood cumulative trauma in the risk of lifetime PTSD: an epidemiological study

Cumulative trauma is usually devastating and can lead to severe psychological consequences, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Exposure to various types of traumas, particularly during childhood, can be even more deleterious than the sheer number of events experienced. This epidemiological study is the first to investigate the impact of discrete childhood traumatic exposure on the risk of developing lifetime PTSD in a representative sample of the general population of the two biggest Brazilian cities. Participants were aged between 15 and 75 years old, living in São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, who had experienced traumatic events (N = 3,231). The PTSD diagnosis was assessed using the DSM-IV criteria through the version 2.1 of Composite International Diagnostic Interview. To operationalize childhood cumulative trauma, we considered the sum of 15 different childhood trauma categories that occurred before PTSD onset. The final multivariate logistic regression model indicated a strong relationship between the number of discrete types of childhood traumas and the likelihood of the lifetime PTSD development. The lifetime PTSD risk increased 28 % with each different type of childhood trauma when adjusted by confounds. Our study strengthens the evidence associating childhood cumulative trauma to increased lifetime PTSD risk

Occurrences of Ornithocoris toledoi (Cimicidae) on a free-range chicken farm in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

<div><p>Abstract Ornithocoris toledoi is a hematophagous insect that parasites birds, particularly, galliformes. Although the occurrence of this arthropod is relatively low in Brazil, this is an important ectoparasite associated with backyarding poultry. The objective of this study was to report the occurrence of O. toledoi in a free-range chicken farm in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, including aspects of its taxonomic identification, biology and epidemiology.</p></div