La ingeniería biomédica

En el marco del primer Congreso Nacional de Ingeniería Biomédica que se llevó a cabo en Guadalajara en noviembre de 1991, se explica brevemente qué es la ingeniería biomédica, sus orígenes y su desarrollo en el campo profesional. De igual forma, se dan los antecedentes de esta ingeniería dentro del ITESO. Incluye obra fotográfica de Durruty de Alba, reproducida en blanco y negro.ITESO, A.C

Simulación de plasma electrostático usando el paquete de librerías ANACONDA mediante el método Particle-In-Cell

En este trabajo se construyó un código en Python con el paquete de librerías ANACONDA, que simula plasma electrostático y electromagnético a través de distintos fenómenos. Se usó un algoritmo especializado para simular la dinámica de sistemas de muchas partículas denominado Particle-In-Cell (PIC). Para corroborar la simulación de plasma se simularon tres fenómenos que siguen el modelo electrostático y unidimensional, los cuales fueron: oscilaciones de plasma frío, y las inestabilidades Two-Stream (ITS) y Beam-Plasma (IBP). Además, se añadió la posibilidad de agregar un campo magnético externo uniforme para obtener un comportamiento electromagnético

Plantas de interés de la chagra de la comunidad indígena Ziora-Amena amazonia colombiana

fotografíasSe exploraron diferentes valores expresados por los usuarios de la biodiversi- dad en el contexto de la chagra amazónica colombiana, a través de la aplicación de una metodología rápida y sensible a la percepción de los individuos para cuantificar la importancia relativa cultural que dan a los bienes de la biodiversidad. Esto fue confirmado florísticamente mediante la valoración de la abundancia de los taxones reportados en las chagras; finalmente, las especies con mejores valores de uso, impor- tancia y abundancia fueron valoradas según la óptica del usuario comercializador de esos bienes, ajustando el orden de importancia a los criterios económicos y de diferenciación del mercado. (texto tomado de la fuente)Sacha inchi (bejuco) -- Macambo -- Copoazú -- Mucuracaá (mucura) -- Sacha ajo -- Uva caimarona -- Canangucho (aguaje) -- Umarí (humarí) -- Guama -- Huito -- Jidoro -- Asaí -- ReferenciasEdición electrónic

Estrangulado littre hernia

Littre´s hernia is a disease of unknown incidence, it’s clinical suspicion is infrequent given the lack of specificity of the symptoms, therefore it’s diagnosis is made intrasurgicaly. We report the case of a patient that consulted due to acute abdominal pain, irreducible and painful mass in the right inguinal region, who since admission was suspected of having a strangulated hernia. After an emergency surgery the intraoperative finding of perforated Littre hernia was performed. The patient was discharged on the sixth postoperative day in good general conditions.La Hernia de Littré es una patología rara de incidencia desconocida. Su sospecha clínica es infrecuente dada la inespecificidad de la sintomatología con la que debuta, por lo que su diagnóstico suele realizarse intraoperatoriamente. Se presenta el caso de un paciente con cuadro clínico de dolor abdominal agudo, masa no reductible y dolorosa en región inguinoescrotal derecha, a quien desde el ingreso se sospecha que presenta una hernia estrangulada. Tras una intervención quirúrgica de urgencia se realiza hallazgo intraoperatorio de hernia de Littré perforada. El paciente fue dado de alta en su sexto día postoperatorio en buenas condiciones generales. A hérnia de Littre é uma doença de incidência desconhecida, é suspeita clínica é infreqüente, dada a falta de especi­ficidade dos sintomas, portanto, seu diagnóstico é feito intra-cirúrgico. Relatamos o caso de um paciente que consul­tou devido a dor abdominal aguda, massa irredutível e dolorosa na região inguinal direita, que desde a admissão foi suspeita de ter uma hérnia estrangulada. Após uma cirurgia de emergência foi realizado o achado intraoperatório de hérnia de Littre perfurada. A paciente recebeu alta hospitalar no sexto dia pós-operatório em boas condições gerais

Brote de adenovirus grave en Colombia: Experiencia de un hospital pediátrico de tercer nivel en 2022

Introduction. During the SARS-CoV2 pandemic, many countries experienced decreased respiratory virus circulation, followed by an out-of-season outbreak. In a pediatric hospital in Colombia, we observed a surge in severe adenovirus infections, leading to concerns about the impact of eased public health restrictions and immune debt in children under 5 years old.Objective. Describe the clinical characteristics of patients with severe Adenovirus infection in a pediatric hospital in Colombia.Materials and methods. We reviewed 227 patients with severe adenovirus infection in Fundación Hospital Pediátrico la Misericordia (HOMI).Results. The study included 196 cases; the median age of patients was 2 years, and 62% were male. Adenovirus was isolated in all patients; 97% were admitted to the pediatric ICU, 94% required respiratory support, and the in-hospital lethality rate was 11%.Conclusion. In 2022 there was an outbreak of severe Adenovirus infection, affecting mainly children under 5 years, with mortality higher than usual.Introducción. Durante la pandemia por SARS-CoV2, muchos países evidenciaron una disminución en la circulación de virus respiratorios, por seguido por un brote fuera de la temporada esperada. En un hospital en Colombia, observamos un aumento en los casos de infección grave por Adenovirus, generando preocupación sobre el impacto que tuvo la disminución de los cuidados establecidos durante pandemia y la posible deuda inmunológica en niños menores de 5 años.Objetivo. Describir las características clínicas de pacientes con infección grave por Adenovirus en un hospital pediátrico en Colombia. Materiales y métodos. Se revisaron 227 pacientes con infección grave por adenovirus en Fundación HOMI, desde el 1 de enero de 2022 hasta el 31 de diciembre de 2022. Resultados: El estudio incluyó 196 casos, la edad media de los pacientes fue de 2 años, 62% eran hombres. El Adenovirus se aisló en todos los pacientes; 97% ingresaron a la unidad de cuidados intensivos, 94% requirió soporte ventilatorio, con una mortalidad del 11%.Conclusiones. En 2022 hubo un brote de Adenovirus que afectó principalmente a los niños menores de 5 años, con una mortalidad mayor a lo reportado con anterioridad en Colombia

Meckel’s diverticulum in association with omphalocele and tetralogy of fallot: Case report and literature review

El onfalocele o exónfalos se definen como un defecto congénito de la pared abdominal, que consiste en la herniación de las vísceras abdominales a través del anillo umbilical. Esta entidad rara vez se asocia a la comunicación del divertículo de Meckel con el saco del onfalocele. Teniendo en cuenta la escasa prevalencia de dicha entidad, compartimos el reporte de caso de un paciente recién nacido, con diagnóstico de onfalocele menor, en quien se sospechaba ruptura del saco, sin embargo, de manera intraoperatoria se encontró que la aparente ruptura del saco, correspondía a la comunicación con un divertículo de Meckel. El caso además se asoció con hallazgos ecocardiográficos de tetralogía de Fallot

Gender Difference in the Effects of COVID-19 Pandemic on Mechanical Reperfusion and 30-Day Mortality for STEMI: Results of the ISACS-STEMI COVID-19 Registry

Background. Several reports have demonstrated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the management and outcome of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). The aim of the current analysis is to investigate the potential gender difference in the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on mechanical reperfusion and 30-day mortality for STEMI patients within the ISACS-STEMI COVID-19 Registry. Methods. This retrospective multicenter registry was performed in high-volume primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) centers on four continents and included STEMI patients undergoing PPCIs in March–June 2019 and 2020. Patients were divided according to gender. The main outcomes were the incidence and timing of the PPCI, (ischemia time ≥ 12 h and door-to-balloon ≥ 30 min) and in-hospital or 30-day mortality. Results. We included 16683 STEMI patients undergoing PPCIs in 109 centers. In 2020 during the pandemic, there was a significant reduction in PPCIs compared to 2019 (IRR 0.843 (95% CI: 0.825–0.861, p < 0.0001). We did not find a significant gender difference in the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the numbers of STEMI patients, which were similarly reduced from 2019 to 2020 in both groups, or in the mortality rates. Compared to prepandemia, 30-day mortality was significantly higher during the pandemic period among female (12.1% vs. 8.7%; adjusted HR [95% CI] = 1.66 [1.31–2.11], p < 0.001) but not male patients (5.8% vs. 6.7%; adjusted HR [95% CI] = 1.14 [0.96–1.34], p = 0.12). Conclusions. The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on the treatment of patients with STEMI, with a 16% reduction in PPCI procedures similarly observed in both genders. Furthermore, we observed significantly increased in-hospital and 30-day mortality rates during the pandemic only among females. Trial registration number: NCT 04412655

Age-Related Effects of COVID-19 Pandemic on Mechanical Reperfusion and 30-Day Mortality for STEMI : Results of the ISACS-STEMI COVID-19 Registry

Background: The constraints in the management of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) during the COVID-19 pandemic have been suggested to have severely impacted mortality levels. The aim of the current analysis is to evaluate the age-related effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on mechanical reperfusion and 30-day mortality for STEMI within the registry ISACS-STEMI COVID-19. Methods: This retrospective multicenter registry was performed in high-volume PPCI centers on four continents and included STEMI patients undergoing PPCI in March–June 2019 and 2020. Patients were divided according to age (< or ≥75 years). The main outcomes were the incidence and timing of PPCI, (ischemia time longer than 12 h and door-to-balloon longer than 30 min), and in-hospital or 30-day mortality. Results: We included 16,683 patients undergoing PPCI in 109 centers. In 2020, during the pandemic, there was a significant reduction in PPCI as compared to 2019 (IRR 0.843 (95%-CI: 0.825–0.861, p < 0.0001). We found a significant agerelated reduction (7%, p = 0.015), with a larger effect on elderly than on younger patients. Furthermore, we observed significantly higher 30-day mortality during the pandemic period, especially among the elderly (13.6% vs. 17.9%, adjusted HR (95% CI) = 1.55 [1.24–1.93], p < 0.001) as compared to younger patients (4.8% vs. 5.7%; adjusted HR (95% CI) = 1.25 [1.05–1.49], p = 0.013), as a potential consequence of the significantly longer ischemia time observed during the pandemic. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on the treatment of patients with STEMI, with a 16% reduction in PPCI procedures, with a larger reduction and a longer delay to treatment among elderly patients, which may have contributed to increase in-hospital and 30-day mortality during the pandemic

Age-Related Effects of COVID-19 Pandemic on Mechanical Reperfusion and 30-Day Mortality for STEMI: Results of the ISACS-STEMI COVID-19 Registry

Background: The constraints in the management of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) during the COVID-19 pandemic have been suggested to have severely impacted mortality levels. The aim of the current analysis is to evaluate the age-related effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on mechanical reperfusion and 30-day mortality for STEMI within the registry ISACS-STEMI COVID-19. Methods: This retrospective multicenter registry was performed in high-volume PPCI centers on four continents and included STEMI patients undergoing PPCI in March-June 2019 and 2020. Patients were divided according to age (= 75 years). The main outcomes were the incidence and timing of PPCI, (ischemia time longer than 12 h and door-to-balloon longer than 30 min), and in-hospital or 30-day mortality. Results: We included 16,683 patients undergoing PPCI in 109 centers. In 2020, during the pandemic, there was a significant reduction in PPCI as compared to 2019 (IRR 0.843 (95%-CI: 0.825-0.861, p < 0.0001). We found a significant age-related reduction (7%, p = 0.015), with a larger effect on elderly than on younger patients. Furthermore, we observed significantly higher 30-day mortality during the pandemic period, especially among the elderly (13.6% vs. 17.9%, adjusted HR (95% CI) = 1.55 [1.24-1.93], p < 0.001) as compared to younger patients (4.8% vs. 5.7%; adjusted HR (95% CI) = 1.25 [1.05-1.49], p = 0.013), as a potential consequence of the significantly longer ischemia time observed during the pandemic. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on the treatment of patients with STEMI, with a 16% reduction in PPCI procedures, with a larger reduction and a longer delay to treatment among elderly patients, which may have contributed to increase in-hospital and 30-day mortality during the pandemic

Impact of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on short-term outcome in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction during COVID-19 pandemic: insights from the international multicenter ISACS-STEMI registry

Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is projected to become the third cause of mortality worldwide. COPD shares several pathophysiological mechanisms with cardiovascular disease, especially atherosclerosis. However, no definite answers are available on the prognostic role of COPD in the setting of ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), especially during COVID-19 pandemic, among patients undergoing primary angioplasty, that is therefore the aim of the current study. Methods In the ISACS-STEMI COVID-19 registry we included retrospectively patients with STEMI treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) between March and June of 2019 and 2020 from 109 high-volume primary PCI centers in 4 continents. Results A total of 15,686 patients were included in this analysis. Of them, 810 (5.2%) subjects had a COPD diagnosis. They were more often elderly and with a more pronounced cardiovascular risk profile. No preminent procedural dissimilarities were noticed except for a lower proportion of dual antiplatelet therapy at discharge among COPD patients (98.9% vs. 98.1%, P = 0.038). With regards to short-term fatal outcomes, both in-hospital and 30-days mortality occurred more frequently among COPD patients, similarly in pre-COVID-19 and COVID-19 era. However, after adjustment for main baseline differences, COPD did not result as independent predictor for in-hospital death (adjusted OR [95% CI] = 0.913[0.658-1.266], P = 0.585) nor for 30-days mortality (adjusted OR [95% CI] = 0.850 [0.620-1.164], P = 0.310). No significant differences were detected in terms of SARS-CoV-2 positivity between the two groups. Conclusion This is one of the largest studies investigating characteristics and outcome of COPD patients with STEMI undergoing primary angioplasty, especially during COVID pandemic. COPD was associated with significantly higher rates of in-hospital and 30-days mortality. However, this association disappeared after adjustment for baseline characteristics. Furthermore, COPD did not significantly affect SARS-CoV-2 positivity. Trial registration number: NCT 04412655 (2nd June 2020)