Cerium Binding Activity of Pectins Isolated from the Seagrasses Zostera marina and Phyllospadix iwatensis

Cerium binding activity of three different water soluble pectin compounds of different origin was studied in a batch sorption system. The Langmuir, Freundlich and BET sorption models were adopted to describe the binding reactions between metal ions and pectin molecules. The Langmuir model provided the best fit. Within the pH range from 4.0 to 6.0, the largest amount of the cerium ions was bound by pectin isolated from the seagrass Phylospadix iwatensis in comparison to pectin extracted from the seagrass Zostera marina and pectin obtained from citrus peel (commercial grade). The Langmuir constants were also highest for the pectin samples isolated from the seagrass P. iwatensis. The results obtained from this study suggest that pectin is a prospective source for the development of radioisotope-removing pharmaceuticals

Динамика уровней пепсиногенов у кардиохирургических пациентов с эрозивно-язвенными изменениями гастродуоденальной зоны

The pepsinogenemia level is examined as a risk factor of atrophy and inflammation activity in gastroduodenal region mucous region in 20 patients with erosive and ulcerous changes this localization as before as after operations with cardiopulmonary bypass. It is marked that the values of pepsinogen 1 ((209,58 ± 14,41) μg/l) and pepsinogen 1 ((30,01 ± 4,00) μg/l) in plasma are exceeded than normal magnitudes. It is revealed that using omeprazole intravenous and peroral after that can prevent of acute ulcers and gastric bleeding in these patients and associated with decrease of pepsinogen 1 (in 1,2 times) and pepsinogen 2 (in 2,1 times) plasma levels comparing values before operation. In spite of acute ulcers and gastroduodenal bleeding default, gastropaty with erosions in antrum of stomach persists in 35% of cardiosurgical patiewnts.Исследован уровень пепсиногенемии как фактора риска атрофии и активности воспаления слизистой оболочки гастродуоденальной зоны у 20 пациентов с эрозивно-язвенными изменениями этой локализации до и после операции в условиях искусственного кровообращения. Отмечено превышение нормальных значений уровней пепсиногенов-1 ((209,58 ± 14,41) мкг/л) и -2 ((30,01 ± 4,00) мкг/л) в плазме крови в исследуемой группе. Установлено, что применение омепразола внутривенно с последующим назначением его внутрь у данной категории больных позволяет профилактировать образование острых язв, желудочные кровотечения и ассоциировано с уменьшением плазменных уровней пепсиногенов-1 (в 1,2 раза) и -2 (в 2,1 раза) по сравнению с дооперационными показателями. Несмотря на отсутствие острых язв и желудочно-кишечных кровотечений, у 35% кардиохирургических больных в послеоперационном периоде сохраняется гастропатия с наличием эрозий антрального отдела желудка

The principles of drug gastroduodenal bleeding prevention in critically ill condition patients and in postoperative period patients

The basic pathogenic mechanisms of ulcer formation in critically ill condition patients and in postoperative period patients are studied in the article. The role of central nervous system, humoral effects, drug aggression, system inflammatory response and also acid peptic factor as a key mechanism of damage is introduced. The basic reasons for preventive maintenance of the gastroduodenal bleedings is represented considering the character and degree of disease, time of hardwired vital functions replacement, presence of further diseases. The conception is developed, which assuming the proton pump inhibitors application for a long time (till one month) in two phases (intravenous and peroral) for prevention of stress relative gastroduodenal mucosal damage and its consequences

The principles of patients protection from noncardiac complications in cardiac and vascular surgery

The generalized information in area of noncardiac complications prevention are introduced based on results of own researches and literature data (prevention of ischemic stroke, gastroduodenal bleeding and infectious complications in cardiovascular surgery): preparing of patient for planning surgical intervention, including finding of stenosing and/or embolodangerous plaques and theirs surgical treatment; diagnosis of gastroduodenal erosions and ulcers, theirs epitelization and etiologic treatment; diagnosis and sanation of infectious focuses; using of surgical methods of cerebral protection (puncture intravasal grafting, intravasal filters) and pharmacologic cerebroprotection (nimodipine, vinpocetine) in operations on the brachiocefal artheries; two-step using of proton pump inhibitors more than three weeks duration in patients in groups of risk of gastroduodenal bleeding; prevention of infectious complications using three antibacterial drugs (cefalosporine of the third generation, rifampicine and fluconasole) mainly in cardiac surgery with on-pump circulation. Using the suggested arrangements, according our research data and results of investigations, fulfilled in other scientific centers, lets fundamentally decrease the frequency of aforenamed complications and increase the surviving of patients after cardiac and vascular surgery