Определение нижней границы оценки компактности для топологических разбиений

Вводится понятие компактного множества объектов распределенной системы и предлагается эффективный алгоритм формирования таких множеств. На основе компактных множеств предложено два способа определения нижней границы оценки компактности топологического разбиения. Приводится пример работы программного средства, реализующего алгоритм определения нижней границы разбиения

Anticommuting Variables, Fermionic Path Integrals and Supersymmetry

(Replacement because mailer changed `hat' for supercript into something weird. The macro `\sp' has been used in place of the `hat' character in this revised version.) Fermionic Brownian paths are defined as paths in a space para\-metr\-ised by anticommuting variables. Stochastic calculus for these paths, in conjunction with classical Brownian paths, is described; Brownian paths on supermanifolds are developed and applied to establish a Feynman-Kac formula for the twisted Laplace-Beltrami operator on differential forms taking values in a vector bundle. This formula is used to give a proof of the Atiyah-Singer index theorem which is rigorous while being closely modelled on the supersymmetric proofs in the physics literature.Comment: 18 pages, KCL-TH-92-

Dynamic acousto-elastic test using continuous probe wave and transient vibration to investigate material nonlinearity

This study demonstrates the feasibility of the dynamic acousto-elastic effect of a continuous high frequency wave for investigating the material nonlinearity upon transient vibration. The approach is demonstrated on a concrete sample measuring 15 15 60 cm3 . Two ultrasonic transducers (emitter and receiver) are placed at its middle span. A continuous high frequency wave of 500 kHz propagates through the material and is modulated with a hammer blow. The position of the hammer blow on the sample is configured to promote the first bending mode of vibration. The use of a continuous wave allows discrete time extraction of the nonlinear behavior by a short-time Fourier transform approach, through the simultaneous comparison of a reference non-modulated signal and an impact-modulated signal. The hammer blow results in phase shifts and variations of signal amplitude between reference and perturbed signals, which are driven by the resonant frequency of the sample. Finally, a comprehensive analysis of the relaxation mechanisms (modulus and attenuation recovery) is conducted to untangle the coupled fast and slow hysteretic effects. 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.The authors want to acknowledge the financial support of the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO), Spain and FEDER funding (Ondacem Project: BIA 2010-19933). J.N. Eiras is grateful to the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO), Spain, Grant BES-2011-044624 and Grant EEBB I-15-10178, in support of an extended visit to the Aix-Marseille Universite. The French National Research Agency is also thanked for support under the EVADEOS (Grant ANR-11-VILD-0002) and ENDE (Grant ANR-11 RSNR 0009) programs.Eiras Fernández, JN.; Vu, QA.; Lott, M.; Paya Bernabeu, JJ.; Garnier, V.; Payan, C. (2016). Dynamic acousto-elastic test using continuous probe wave and transient vibration to investigate material nonlinearity. Ultrasonics. 69:29-37. doi:10.1016/j.ultras.2016.03.008S29376

19-element vertical cavity surface emitting laser arrays with inter-vertical cavity surface emitting laser ridge connectors

We achieve record concurrent combinations of bandwidth (18 GHz), optical output power (150 mW), and wall plug efficiency (30%) with a unique arrangement of 19-element, electrically parallel 980 nm vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) arrays. We use a new two-dimensional, quasi honeycomb geometry with inter-VCSEL ridge connectors—made nonconducting by selective thermal oxidation—to improve heat dissipation and facilitate a single top surface anode contact. Via on-wafer probing we perform static and dynamic measurements over the wide temperature range of 23 °C to 85 °C and extract, report, and discuss key array figures-of-merit.DFG, 43659573, SFB 787: Halbleiter - Nanophotonik: Materialien, Modelle, Bauelement

The influence of tumor regression, solar elastosis, and patient age on pathologists\u27 interpretation of melanocytic skin lesions.

It is not known whether patient age or tumor characteristics such as tumor regression or solar elastosis influence pathologists\u27 interpretation of melanocytic skin lesions (MSLs). We undertook a study to determine the influence of these factors, and to explore pathologist\u27s characteristics associated with the direction of diagnosis. To meet our objective, we designed a cross-sectional survey study of pathologists\u27 clinical practices and perceptions. Pathologists were recruited from diverse practices in 10 states in the United States. We enrolled 207 pathologist participants whose practice included the interpretation of MSLs. Our findings indicated that the majority of pathologists (54.6%) were influenced toward a less severe diagnosis when patients were70 years of age, or by the presence of tumor regression or solar elastosis (58.5%, 71.0%, and 57.0%, respectively). Generally, pathologists with dermatopathology board certification and/or a high caseload of MSLs were more likely to be influenced, whereas those with more years\u27 experience interpreting MSL were less likely to be influenced. Our findings indicate that the interpretation of MSLs is influenced by patient age, tumor regression, and solar elastosis; such influence is associated with dermatopathology training and higher caseload, consistent with expertise and an appreciation of lesion complexity

Social Class Myopia: The Case of Psychology and Labor Unions

This article explores the potential for a research agenda that includes scholarship on working class issues and organized labor. Such an agenda is consistent with the official mission of American Psychological Association—to advance knowledge that benefits society and improves people\u27s lives. I focus on our paucity of interest in the institution that gives the American working class a voice—the labor union. We know that work is one of the central focuses in the lives of most people and that the work experience is deeply implicated in satisfaction with life. The efforts of organized labor to achieve economic fairness and justice, and a healthy workplace environment, are intertwined with multiple corollary consequences that constitute a wide and complex spectrum—from physical job safety and economic security on one end, to the psychological benefits of heightened self-esteem, respect, dignity, empowerment, and affiliation on the other—all related to satisfaction with life. In addition, by advancing and protecting the rights of workers, unions are part of the larger movement for civil rights

Relevance to Psychology of Beliefs About Socialism: Some New Research Questions

This article aims to stimulate discussion about the potential relevance of the concept of socialism for what we study and the questions we ask. The economic systems of capitalism and socialism are seldom considered subjects of interest in psychology. At this particular time, however, especially in the United States, the relevance of these systems for our theories and research on human behavior, health, and human welfare seem particularly relevant and potentially significant. I argue that discussions of socialism should be helpful in expanding the context of our concerns in psychology and the identification of important new variables. The growing crisis of inequality in the United States is the major impetus for this argument

DNA methylation map of mouse and human brain identifies target genes in Alzheimer’s disease

The central nervous system has a pattern of gene expression that is closely regulated with respect to functional and anatomical regions. DNA methylation is a major regulator of transcriptional activity, and aberrations in the distribution of this epigenetic mark may be involved in many neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease. Herein, we have analysed 12 distinct mouse brain regions according to their CpG 5’-end gene methylation patterns and observed their unique epigenetic landscapes. The DNA methylomes obtained from the cerebral cortex were used to identify aberrant DNA methylation changes that occurred in two mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease. We were able to translate these findings to patients with Alzheimer’s disease, identifying DNA methylation-associated silencing of three targets genes: thromboxane A2 receptor (TBXA2R), sorbin and SH3 domain containing 3 (SORBS3) and spectrin beta 4 (SPTBN4). These hypermethylation targets indicate that the cyclic AMP response element-binding protein (CREB) activation pathway and the axon initial segment could contribute to the disease

Communal metabolism by Methylococcaceae and Methylophilaceae is driving rapid aerobic methane oxidation in sediments of a shallow seep near Elba, Italy

Release of abiotic methane from marine seeps into the atmosphere is a major source of this potent greenhouse gas. Methanotrophic microorganisms in methane seeps use methane as carbon and energy source, thus significantly mitigating global methane emissions. Here we investigated microbial methane oxidation at the sediment-water interface of a shallow marine methane seep. Metagenomics and metaproteomics, combined with 13C-methane stable isotope probing, demonstrated that various members of the gammaproteobacterial family Methylococcaceae were the key players for methane oxidation, catalyzing the first reaction step to methanol. We observed a transfer of carbon to methanol-oxidizing methylotrophs of the betaproteobacterial family Methylophilaceae, suggesting an interaction between methanotrophic and methylotrophic microorganisms that allowed for rapid methane oxidation. From our microcosms, we estimated methane oxidation rates of up to 871 nmol of methane per gram sediment and day. This implies that more than 50% of methane at the seep is removed by microbial oxidation at the sediment-water interface, based on previously reported in situ methane fluxes. The organic carbon produced was further assimilated by different heterotrophic microbes, demonstrating that the methane-oxidizing community supported a complex trophic network. Our results provide valuable eco-physiological insights into this specialized microbial community performing an ecosystem function of global relevance