Assessing logistic regression applied to respondent-driven sampling studies : a simulation study with an application to empirical data

The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of different logistic regression estimators applied to RDS studies via simulation and the analysis of empirical data. Four simulated populations were created with different connectivity characteristics. Each simulated individual received two attributes, one of them associated to the infection process. RDS samples with different sizes were obtained. The observed coverage of three logistic regression estimators were applied to assess the association between the attributes and the infection status. In simulated datasets, unweighted logistic regression estimators emerged as the best option, although all estimators showed a fairly good performance. In the empirical dataset, the performance of weighted estimators presented an unexpected behavior, making them a risky option. The unweighted logistic regression estimator is a reliable option to be applied to RDS samples, with a performance roughly similar to random samples and, therefore, should be the preferred option

Determination on the carrying capacity in the Main Trail of Cicuta’s ARIE, Volta Redonda-Barra Mansa, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

O presente estudo foi realizado na ARIE da Floresta da Cicuta, Barra Mansa e Volta Redonda (RJ). Teve como objetivo determinar e avaliar o potencial de gestão e a Capacidade de Carga Turística da Trilha Principal da ARIE dessa UC, gerando um valor estimado do número de visitantes por dia, complementando o Plano de Manejo da referida ARIE. Para a determinação de capacidade de carga turística da trilha principal da ARIE foi aplicado o método proposto por Cifuentes (1992). O presente estudo demonstrou que a trilha está, relativamente, bem alinhada com o SNUC. A Capacidade de Carga Efetiva encontrada para a trilha foi de 208 visitas x dia-1. Esse estudo poderá contribuir com o processo de atualização do Plano de Manejo da ARIE, sendo complementado com outros estudos.The present study was carried out in the ARIE of the Cicuta Forest, Barra Mansa and Volta Redonda (RJ). The objective was to determine the tourism tarrying capacity of the Main Trail of the ARIE, generating an estimated number of visitors per day, and to evaluate the management potential to complement the Management Plan. The method proposed by Cifuentes (1992) was applied to determine the tourist carrying capacity. The present study demonstrated that the trail is relatively well aligned with the National System of Protected Areas (SNUC). The Effective Carrying Capacity was 208 visitors x day-1. This study may contribute to the process of updating the ARIE Management Plan, but should be complemented with other studies (Acceptable Exchange Limit - AEL, Visitor Impact Management - VIM, etc.).Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestale

Determination on the carrying capacity in the Main Trail of Cicuta’s ARIE, Volta Redonda-Barra Mansa, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

O presente estudo foi realizado na ARIE da Floresta da Cicuta, Barra Mansa e Volta Redonda (RJ). Teve como objetivo determinar e avaliar o potencial de gestão e a Capacidade de Carga Turística da Trilha Principal da ARIE dessa UC, gerando um valor estimado do número de visitantes por dia, complementando o Plano de Manejo da referida ARIE. Para a determinação de capacidade de carga turística da trilha principal da ARIE foi aplicado o método proposto por Cifuentes (1992). O presente estudo demonstrou que a trilha está, relativamente, bem alinhada com o SNUC. A Capacidade de Carga Efetiva encontrada para a trilha foi de 208 visitas x dia-1. Esse estudo poderá contribuir com o processo de atualização do Plano de Manejo da ARIE, sendo complementado com outros estudos.The present study was carried out in the ARIE of the Cicuta Forest, Barra Mansa and Volta Redonda (RJ). The objective was to determine the tourism tarrying capacity of the Main Trail of the ARIE, generating an estimated number of visitors per day, and to evaluate the management potential to complement the Management Plan. The method proposed by Cifuentes (1992) was applied to determine the tourist carrying capacity. The present study demonstrated that the trail is relatively well aligned with the National System of Protected Areas (SNUC). The Effective Carrying Capacity was 208 visitors x day-1. This study may contribute to the process of updating the ARIE Management Plan, but should be complemented with other studies (Acceptable Exchange Limit - AEL, Visitor Impact Management - VIM, etc.).Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestale

Determination on the carrying capacity in the Main Trail of Cicuta’s ARIE, Volta Redonda-Barra Mansa, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

O presente estudo foi realizado na ARIE da Floresta da Cicuta, Barra Mansa e Volta Redonda (RJ). Teve como objetivo determinar e avaliar o potencial de gestão e a Capacidade de Carga Turística da Trilha Principal da ARIE dessa UC, gerando um valor estimado do número de visitantes por dia, complementando o Plano de Manejo da referida ARIE. Para a determinação de capacidade de carga turística da trilha principal da ARIE foi aplicado o método proposto por Cifuentes (1992). O presente estudo demonstrou que a trilha está, relativamente, bem alinhada com o SNUC. A Capacidade de Carga Efetiva encontrada para a trilha foi de 208 visitas x dia-1. Esse estudo poderá contribuir com o processo de atualização do Plano de Manejo da ARIE, sendo complementado com outros estudos.The present study was carried out in the ARIE of the Cicuta Forest, Barra Mansa and Volta Redonda (RJ). The objective was to determine the tourism tarrying capacity of the Main Trail of the ARIE, generating an estimated number of visitors per day, and to evaluate the management potential to complement the Management Plan. The method proposed by Cifuentes (1992) was applied to determine the tourist carrying capacity. The present study demonstrated that the trail is relatively well aligned with the National System of Protected Areas (SNUC). The Effective Carrying Capacity was 208 visitors x day-1. This study may contribute to the process of updating the ARIE Management Plan, but should be complemented with other studies (Acceptable Exchange Limit - AEL, Visitor Impact Management - VIM, etc.).Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestale

Capacidade de carga na trilha principal da ARIE da Floresta da Cicuta, Volta Redonda-Barra Mansa, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

The present study was carried out in the ARIE of the Cicuta Forest, Barra Mansa and Volta Redonda (RJ). The objective was to determine the tourism tarrying capacity of the Main Trail of the ARIE, generating an estimated number of visitors per day, and to evaluate the management potential to complement the Management Plan. The method proposed by Cifuentes (1992) was applied to determine the tourist carrying capacity. The present study demonstrated that the trail is relatively well aligned with the National System of Protected Areas (SNUC). The Effective Carrying Capacity was 208 visitors x day-1. This study may contribute to the process of updating the ARIE Management Plan, but should be complemented with other studies (Acceptable Exchange Limit - AEL, Visitor Impact Management - VIM, etc.).O presente estudo foi realizado na ARIE da Floresta da Cicuta, Barra Mansa e Volta Redonda (RJ). Teve como objetivo determinar e avaliar o potencial de gestão e a Capacidade de Carga Turística da Trilha Principal da ARIE dessa UC, gerando um valor estimado do número de visitantes por dia, complementando o Plano de Manejo da referida ARIE. Para a determinação de capacidade de carga turística da trilha principal da ARIE foi aplicado o método proposto por Cifuentes (1992). O presente estudo demonstrou que a trilha está, relativamente, bem alinhada com o SNUC. A Capacidade de Carga Efetiva encontrada para a trilha foi de 208 visitas x dia-1. Esse estudo poderá contribuir com o processo de atualização do Plano de Manejo da ARIE, sendo complementado com outros estudos

The last piece of the puzzle: a broad population genomics study in Globicephala macrorhynchus

34th European Cetacean Society Conference, O Grove, 16-20 April 2023The short-finned pilot whale (SFPW), Globicephala macrorhynchus, has a pan-tropical and -temperate distribution. The existence of two morphologically and genetically distinct forms (Naisa and Shiho) suggests a complex speciation process, which remains to be deciphered. Here, we used whole genome data of 56 individuals from three poorly surveyed regions (Macaronesian islands - Eastern central Atlantic, China and Brazil) to assess the patterns of population structure and genetic diversity of the SFPW. We inferred population structure from admixture and principal component analyses. Additionally, we determined patterns of differentiation of the maternally-inherited mitogenomes. We estimated changes in population size through time using the Pairwise Sequentially Markovian Coalescent (PSMC) analysis. Finally, we searched for genomic regions of high differentiation in each assigned population using the population branch statistics and performed a windows-based analysis to uncover the top outliers of genetic differentiation, corresponding to regions that are potentially under selection. Our results provide evidence for three main genetic clusters of SPFW populations across the analysed individuals, emphasizing the genomic distinctiveness of Atlantic individuals compared with other individuals belonging to the Naisa form – known to be present in the western/central Pacific and Indian Oceans. The exception to this pattern is a Naisa mitochondrial and nuclear genotype found in one individual from Brazil. Moreover, PSMC suggests a shared recent evolutionary history in all three assigned populations. Our study provides a significant contribution to the overall understanding of the demographic history and spatial patterns of genetic diversity in SPFW, by complementing data previously describedN

The Global Alliance for Infections in Surgery : defining a model for antimicrobial stewardship-results from an international cross-sectional survey

Background: Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs (ASPs) have been promoted to optimize antimicrobial usage and patient outcomes, and to reduce the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant organisms. However, the best strategies for an ASP are not definitively established and are likely to vary based on local culture, policy, and routine clinical practice, and probably limited resources in middle-income countries. The aim of this study is to evaluate structures and resources of antimicrobial stewardship teams (ASTs) in surgical departments from different regions of the world. Methods: A cross-sectional web-based survey was conducted in 2016 on 173 physicians who participated in the AGORA (Antimicrobials: A Global Alliance for Optimizing their Rational Use in Intra-Abdominal Infections) project and on 658 international experts in the fields of ASPs, infection control, and infections in surgery. Results: The response rate was 19.4%. One hundred fifty-six (98.7%) participants stated their hospital had a multidisciplinary AST. The median number of physicians working inside the team was five [interquartile range 4-6]. An infectious disease specialist, a microbiologist and an infection control specialist were, respectively, present in 80.1, 76.3, and 67.9% of the ASTs. A surgeon was a component in 59.0% of cases and was significantly more likely to be present in university hospitals (89.5%, p <0.05) compared to community teaching (83.3%) and community hospitals (66.7%). Protocols for pre-operative prophylaxis and for antimicrobial treatment of surgical infections were respectively implemented in 96.2 and 82.3% of the hospitals. The majority of the surgical departments implemented both persuasive and restrictive interventions (72.8%). The most common types of interventions in surgical departments were dissemination of educational materials (62.5%), expert approval (61.0%), audit and feedback (55.1%), educational outreach (53.7%), and compulsory order forms (51.5%). Conclusion: The survey showed a heterogeneous organization of ASPs worldwide, demonstrating the necessity of a multidisciplinary and collaborative approach in the battle against antimicrobial resistance in surgical infections, and the importance of educational efforts towards this goal.Peer reviewe

A Roadmap for HEP Software and Computing R&D for the 2020s

Particle physics has an ambitious and broad experimental programme for the coming decades. This programme requires large investments in detector hardware, either to build new facilities and experiments, or to upgrade existing ones. Similarly, it requires commensurate investment in the R&D of software to acquire, manage, process, and analyse the shear amounts of data to be recorded. In planning for the HL-LHC in particular, it is critical that all of the collaborating stakeholders agree on the software goals and priorities, and that the efforts complement each other. In this spirit, this white paper describes the R&D activities required to prepare for this software upgrade.Peer reviewe