Novel Neuroprotective Strategies in Ischemic Retinal Lesions

Retinal ischemia can be effectively modeled by permanent bilateral common carotid artery occlusion, which leads to chronic hypoperfusion-induced degeneration in the entire rat retina. The complex pathways leading to retinal cell death offer a complex approach of neuroprotective strategies. In the present review we summarize recent findings with different neuroprotective candidate molecules. We describe the protective effects of intravitreal treatment with: (i) urocortin 2; (ii) a mitochondrial ATP-sensitive K+ channel opener, diazoxide; (iii) a neurotrophic factor, pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide; and (iv) a novel poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor (HO3089). The retinoprotective effects are demonstrated with morphological description and effects on apoptotic pathways using molecular biological techniques

Examining Oregon's Intergovernmental Structures for Natural Disaster Planning: Their Influence on Tsunami Response and Recovery

A print copy of this title is available through the UO Libraries under the call number: SCA Archiv Storage Lenzser 2006vi, 84 pages. A THESIS Presented to the Department of Planning, Public Policy and Management and the Clark Honors College of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for degree of Bachelor of Arts, Spring 2006.Natural disaster events have the potential to cause damage to people, property, and resources in communities around the world, and in the State of Oregon. The ways that people and communities can plan for natural disasters can be described by the four-phase disaster cycle as: preparedness, response, recovery, and mitigation. In the United States, most of the resources, such as technical expertise and funding, for natural disaster planning are held by governments. These resources, however, are held by different levels of government including federal, state, county, and city levels of government. State laws and statutes create an intergovernmental structure for how levels of government interact for natural disaster planning. However, overlapping jurisdictional boundaries, responsibilities, and resources for natural disaster planning often create issues of â shared governanceâ which also influence how governments interact. How the relationships within the intergovernmental structure work affects how natural disaster planning occurs. This thesis describes the intergovernmental structure within the State of Oregon for natural disaster response and recovery, and describes the roles of local jurisdictions in responding to, and recovering from a large-scale catastrophic event, such as a Cascadia Subduction Zone earthquake and resulting tsunami. To describe the intergovernmental structure itself, a document review was conducted of applicable state laws and administrative rules, and local plans and policies that shape how the intergovernmental structure is formed and operates. To describe the roles from the perspective of local jurisdictions for large-scale natural disaster response and recovery, interviews were conducted. Telephone interviews were conducted with two counties, and a city within each county, that are representative of the county and city jurisdictions that must plan for tsunami response and recovery along the Oregon coast

Gleisband Obersendlingen

keine vorhande

Lane County community wildfire protection plan

224 pp. Maps, tables, figures, appendices

Serum Periostin May Help to Identify Patients with Poor Collaterals in the Hyperacute Phase of Ischemic Stroke

Background: Periostin is a glycoprotein that mediates cell functions in the extracellular matrix and appears to be a promising biomarker in neurological damage, such as ischemic stroke (IS). We aimed to measure serum periostin levels in the hyperacute phase of ischemic stroke to explore its predictive power in identification of patients with poor collaterals (ASPECT < 6). Methods: We prospectively enrolled 122 patients with acute ischemic stroke within the first 6 h after onset. The early ischemic changes were evaluated by calculating ASPECT score on admission using a native CT scan. An unfavorable outcome was defined as the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) > 2 at 90 days follow-up. Blood samples were collected on admission immediately after CT scan and periostin serum concentrations were determined by ELISA. Results: The admission concentration of serum periostin was significantly higher in patients with unfavorable outcome than in patients with favorable outcome (615 ng/L, IQR: 443–1070 vs. 390 ng/L, 260–563, p < 0.001). In a binary logistic regression model, serum periostin level was a significant predictor for ASPECT < 6 status on admission, within 6 h after stroke onset (OR, 5.911; CI, 0.990–0.999; p = 0.015). Conclusion: Admission periostin levels can help to identify patients who are not suitable for neurointervention, especially if advanced neuroimaging is not available

General Anesthesia-Related Drop in Diastolic Blood Pressure May Impact the Long-Term Outcome in Stroke Patients Undergoing Thrombectomy

Background: Several factors affect the efficacy of endovascular thrombectomy (EVT); however, the anesthesia-related factors have not been fully explored. We aimed to identify independent predictors of outcome by analyzing procedural factors based on a multicentric stroke registry. Methods: Data of consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) were extracted from the prospective STAY ALIVE stroke registry. Demographic, clinical, and periprocedural factors including hemodynamic values were analyzed in patients undergoing thrombectomy with either general anesthesia (GA) or conscious sedation (CS). Independent predictors of outcome both at 30 and 90 days based on the modified Rankin Scale (mRS: 0–2 as favorable outcome) were also explored. Results: A total of 199 patients (GA: 76 (38%) vs. CS: 117 (59%); in addition, six patients were converted from CS to GA) were included. The minimum value of systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial pressure was significantly lower in the GA compared to the CS group, and GA was associated with a longer onset to EVT time and a higher drop in all hemodynamic variables (all, p p = 0.024). Conclusion: A GA-related drop in DBP may independently predict a poor long-term outcome in stroke patients undergoing thrombectomy