Discovering Power Laws in Entity Length

This paper presents a discovery that the length of the entities in various datasets follows a family of scale-free power law distributions. The concept of entity here broadly includes the named entity, entity mention, time expression, aspect term, and domain-specific entity that are well investigated in natural language processing and related areas. The entity length denotes the number of words in an entity. The power law distributions in entity length possess the scale-free property and have well-defined means and finite variances. We explain the phenomenon of power laws in entity length by the principle of least effort in communication and the preferential mechanism

Multilinear Time Invariant System Theory

In biological and engineering systems, structure, function and dynamics are highly coupled. Such interactions can be naturally and compactly captured via tensor based state space dynamic representations. However, such representations are not amenable to the standard system and controls framework which requires the state to be in the form of a vector. In order to address this limitation, recently a new class of multiway dynamical systems has been introduced in which the states, inputs and outputs are tensors. We propose a new form of multilinear time invariant (MLTI) systems based on the Einstein product and even-order paired tensors. We extend classical linear time invariant (LTI) system notions including stability, reachability and observability for the new MLTI system representation by leveraging recent advances in tensor algebra.Comment: 8 pages, SIAM Conference on Control and its Applications 2019, accepted to appea

Simple torsion test for shear moduli determination of orthotropic composites

By means of torsion tests performed on test specimens of the same material having a minimum of two different cross sections (flat sheet of different widths), the effective in-plane (G13) and out-of-plane (G23) shear moduli were determined for two composite materials of uniaxial and angleply fiber orientations. Test specimens were 16 plies (nominal 2 mm) thick, 100 mm in length, and in widths of 6.3, 9.5, 12.5, and 15.8 mm. Torsion tests were run under controlled deflection (constant angle of twist) using an electrohydraulic servocontrolled test system. In-plane and out-of-plane shear moduli were calculated from an equation derived in the theory of elasticity which relates applied torque, the torsional angle of twist, the specimen width/thickness ratio, and the ratio of the two shear moduli G13/G23. Results demonstrate that torsional shear moduli, G23 as well as G13, can be determined by simple torsion tests of flat specimens of rectangular cross section. Neither the uniaxial nor angleply composite material were transversely isotropic

Accountants, accounting and environmental reporting

Environmental reporting is becoming more and more common in business since most companies are aware ofthat environment as a business issue and it makes good business sense and positive public relations. Thus, companies are voluntarily motivated to produce environmental reporting. Sri Lanka as a developing country which has less physical and natural resources it is very important to make proper management over these resources in order to achieve a sustainable development in the country irrespective the controllership of resources. Tlierefore, accountants' contribution as an information provider is very important to make proper management over environmental issues of the firm. However, recent research on environmental reporting says that environmental reporting in Sri Lanka and contribution of accountantsfor successful environmental management is inadequate. Thus, this study attempts to examine accountant s attitudes on environmental reporting in Sri Lanka. A survey and inten'iews are used in data collection. The Institute of Chartered Accountants of Sri Lanka (IACS) circulated sur\>ey instruments among its members in late 2004. Finally, 48 useful responses were received. A dditionally ten members of the LA CS were randomly selected and inten'iewed them to get their feedback on environmental reporting. Study found that although, accountants ha\!e understood the significance of environmental disclosures their contribution for implement to disclosures of such information is low. Because of environmental reporting in Sri Lanka is still a voluntary requirement