Taxonomic results of the Bryotrop expedition to Zaire and Rwanda : 31., the Andean Daltonia latolimbata Broth. in Herzog in Africa

Daltonia latolimbata Broth. described in 1916 from the Bolivian Andes occurs also in the high African mountains, consequently is an Andean-Afroalpine species

STUDY ON THE ECONOMIC EFFECT OF PRODUCTION FREE FROM CHEMICAL USE

The assumption, that in case of production different from the conventional one, operational and production risk are increasing in farms, is supported by the calculations. Input/output relations undergo a change in each sector and this may have serious financial outcomes, which would importantly determine profit yielding capacity and efficiency of farming. The statement of Offermann and Nieberg is true of the cost structure, according to which essential cost difference between the two technologies can not be measured. By the aid of the calculation, it was successfully verified – in compliance with the opinion of Wookey – that organic production can be as profitable, as the conventional production or even more so. In contradiction to Bmvel’s data, it can be demonstrated, that even a revenues, surpassing the result of conventional production may be realized in organic farms. On the whole, the results obtained strengthen the standing-point of Szente, according to which the profit, originating from organic production may be higher, than that from conventional production, although it fails already to reach the saliently high values, which were characteristic of the earlier years. In production technology, upon the effect of the change in operational elements and elimination of chemical use, increased yield risk is to be taken into account, although at the same time, the possibility of a more successful operation will in-crease through the market premium price. Subsidy of each technology is different, which means, that allowances associated with the expectable future much better environment-saving technologies will further increase profitability. Also market changes may promote this process, since consumers and institutions become increasingly disposed to take a turn to goods, produced free from chemicals. It is indicated also by statistical data, that more and more producers are dealing with organic production and also the size of areas turned on organic farming is continuously increasing. The rhythm of the development of organic markets is still lagging behind this, but the possibility is open to the agricultural sector being in process of transition. Conventional agriculture is yet unable to produce commodities, suitable for satisfaction of all demands of consumers in every respect, and also efficiency and profitability of production are very low, several sectors can be operated with loss only.organic farming, turning on, profitability, Agribusiness, Crop Production/Industries, Environmental Economics and Policy, Farm Management,

Results of a questionnaire survey of Hungarian organic farms

Carried out in 2006, this study presents the results of a questionnaire survey covering 110 organic farms. For these farms the study shows the production structure, the parameters governing the conversion from conventional production to organic farming, and the factors motivating this conversion. Among aspects surveyed are changes in cost-output/sales price and respondents’ opinions regarding selling organic products. Also discussed are respondents’ subsequent success stories. Included in this paper are farmers’ future expectations relating to demand and prices. The results obtained are contrasted with those published in domestic and international professional literature.organic farming, willingness to change, questionnaire survey, analysis, Hungary, Farm Management,

Analysis of Hungarian programs for broadband infrastructure development

In an effort to promote the information society, the Hungarian government adopted a number of strategic concepts and action plans, which formed the basis of many calls for proposals to be funded by the government and the European Union alike to achieve the institutional vision. In this article the author analyze in evaluating the government's role in Hungarian broadband infrastructure development programs so far. As a supposal in the course of the five government-funded infrastructure development programs implemented in Hungary by 2009, economic policymakers relegated community-based or community-owned digital telecommunication infrastructure to a heavily limited, stopgap role in terms of impact and extent. The basis of the investigation consisted of the RFPs for all of the five programs, as well as the data series showing the results of the projects already completed or yet to be finished under them. By analyzing them, it was possible to investigate the hypothesis. --broadband,government-funded infrastructure,development programs

Mobility engineering and metal-insulator transition in monolayer MoS2

Two-dimensional (2D) materials are a new class of materials with interesting physical properties and ranging from nanoelectronics to sensing and photonics. In addition to graphene, the most studied 2D material, monolayers of other layered materials such as semiconducting dichalcogenides MoS2 or WSe2 are gaining in importance as promising insulators and channel materials for field-effect transistors (FETs). The presence of a direct band gap in monolayer MoS2 due to quantum mechanical confinement, allows room-temperature field-effect transistors with an on/off ratio exceeding 108. The presence of high-k dielectrics in these devices enhanced their mobility, but the mechanisms are not well understood. Here, we report on electrical transport measurements on MoS2 FETs in different dielectric configurations. Mobility dependence on temperature shows clear evidence of the strong suppression of charge impurity scattering in dual-gate devices with a top-gate dielectric together with phonon scattering that shows a weaker than expected temperature dependence. High levels of doping achieved in dual-gate devices also allow the observation of a metal-insulator transition in monolayer MoS2. Our work opens up the way to further improvements in 2D semiconductor performance and introduces MoS2 as an interesting system for studying correlation effects in mesoscopic systems.Comment: Submitted January 11, 201

Small-signal amplifier based on single-layer MoS2

In this Letter we demonstrate the operation of an analog small-signal amplifier based on single-layer MoS2, a semiconducting analogue of graphene. Our device consists of two transistors integrated on the same piece of single-layer MoS2. The high intrinsic band gap of 1.8 eV allows MoS2-based amplifiers to operate with a room temperature gain of 4. The amplifier operation is demonstrated for the frequencies of input signal up to 2 kHz preserving the gain higher than 1. Our work shows that MoS2 can effectively amplify signals and that it could be used for advanced analog circuits based on two-dimensional materials.Comment: Submitted version of the manuscrip