Relationship between the Dark Triad and depressive symptoms

The Dark Triad (DT) is composed of three closely related personality traits: psychopathy, Machiavellianism and narcissism. These traits have been linked to emotional deficits. The aim of the present study was to analyze the relationship between the DT traits, including sub-dimensions, and depressive symptoms in order to identify those factors most strongly associated with the development of depression in individuals scoring high on DT. For these purposes, a total of 791 adults (M = 35.76 years; 24.91% males) completed a questionnaire battery including DT traits and depression measures. A positive significant correlation was found between psychopathy and Machiavellianism traits (total score and all sub-dimensions) and depressive symptoms. For narcissism, the direction of the correlation was dependent on the sub-dimension assessed. A model explaining 26.2% of the depressive symptoms scores was composed of the callous affect and criminal tendencies sub-dimensions of psychopathy, cynical view of human nature, which is a sub-dimension of Machiavellianism, and entitlement and self-sufficiency, which are sub-dimensions of narcissism. In addition, some of the relationships found between DT sub-dimensions and depressive symptoms appeared to depend on gender. Our results could have implications for detection and intervention programs aimed at decreasing the negative emotional consequences suffered by individuals with high DT scores. Limitations and future lines of research are discussed.Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness: PSI2017-84170-R to Pablo Fernández Berrocal

The Poor Survival among Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Chiapas, Mexico: The Case of Los Altos Region

Objective. To analyse survival in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and factors associated with such survival. Design. Study of a cohort of patients aged over 14 years diagnosed with PTB from January 1, 1998 to July 31, 2005. During 2004–2006 a home visit was made to each patient and, during 2008-2009, they were visited again. During these visits a follow-up interview was administered; when the patient had died, a verbal autopsy was conducted with family members. Statistical analysis consisted of survival tests, Kaplan-Meier log-rank test and Cox regression. Results. Of 305 studied patients, 68 had died due to PTB by the time of the first evaluation, 237 were followed-up for a second evaluation, and 10 of them had died of PTB. According to the Cox regression, age (over 45 years) and treatment duration (under six months) were associated with a poorer survival. When treatment duration was excluded, the association between poorer survival with age persisted, whereas with having been treated via DOTS strategy, was barely significant. Conclusions. In the studied area it is necessary that patients receive a complete treatment scheme, and to give priority to patients aged over 45 years

Vascular and root tip GPT2 expression mediates the PGI1-independent response of Arabidopsis to small microbial volatiles

Resumen del trabajo presentado en el XVI Meeting of Plant Molecular Biology, celebrado en Sevilla (España), del 14 al 16 de septiembre de 2022Microorganisms emit a plethora of volatile compounds (VCs) that promote plant growth and photosynthesis as well as strong developmental and metabolic changes. In Arabidopsis, the plastidial isoform of phosphoglucose isomerase PGI1 mediates photosynthesis, metabolism and development, probably due to its involvement in the synthesis of isoprenoid-derived signals in vascular tissues (Bahaji et al., 2015; Bahaji et al., 2018). Like in wild-type (WT) plants, microbial VCs promote growth and photosynthesis as well as starch and CK accumulation in PGI1-lacking pgi1-2 plants (Sánchez-López et al. 2016). A striking alteration in the transcriptome of leaves of small fungal VC-treated plants involves strong up-regulation of levels of transcripts of GPT2 (At1g61800), a gene that codes for a plastidial G6P/Pi transporter. We hypothesized that the PGI1-independent response to microbial volatile emissions involves GPT2 action. To test this hypothesis, we characterized responses of WT, GPT2-null gpt2-1, PGI1-null pgi1-2 and pgi1- 2gpt2-1 plants to small fungal VCs. In addition, we characterized responses of pgi1-2gpt2-1 plants expressing GPT2 under the control of a vascular tissue- and root tip-specific promoter to small fungal VCs. Results presented in this work provide evidence that, under conditions in which PGI1 activity is reduced, long-distance action of GPT2 plays an important role in the response of plants to small VCs through mechanisms involving resetting of the photosynthesis-related proteome in leaves and complex GPT2 regulation.This work was supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MCIN) and Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI) / 10.13039/501100011033/ (grants BIO2016-78747-P, PID2019-104685GB-100 and PID2019-107657RB-C22) and the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport of the Czech Republic and ERDF project entitled “Plants as a tool for sustainable global development” (No. CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/0000827)

Comparación de la sensibilidad postoperatoria de diferentes bases cavitarias utilizadas en remoción selectiva de caries. Revisión sistemática de la literatura y metanálisis

39 p.Dentro del abordaje de remoción selectiva de tejido cariado (RSTC), el recubrimiento de dentina cariada con protectores pulpares ha sido ampliamente discutido, constituyendo un tema controversial. Dada la ausencia de recomendaciones clínicas, esta revisión busca resumir los hallazgos de diferentes RCT que evalúen el uso de distintos materiales de protección pulpar en términos de sensibilidad postoperatoria comparado con el hidróxido de calcio (CaOH). El protocolo de esta revisión fue registrado en PROSPERO (ID 222948). Medline vía PubMed, Scopus y Web of Science fueron utilizadas para recuperar estudios utilizando criterios de búsqueda predefinidos. Estudios en inglés desde el año 2000 fueron incluídos. La selección de artículos y extracción de datos se realizó de forma independiente y en duplicado. Se encontraron 225 títulos en total, 40 fueron elegibles para la revisión de texto completo. Finalmente se incluyeron 5 estudios para análisis cualitativo y 4 para análisis cuantitativo. El análisis de riesgo de sesgo juzgó la evidencia con un bajo riesgo de sesgo. Otros materiales (RMGIC, MTA o adhesivo) no son significativamente superiores reduciendo sensibilidad postoperatoria cuando comparados con CaOH (Random effects meta-analysis (riesgo relativo (RR) de 1.10 [IC 95%: 0.89-1.37; p=0.36, I2=88%]). En tanto que el análisis de subgrupos fue significativo [X2: 8.51, p=0.01], mostrando que RMGIC, y MTA parecen ser superiores que CaOH. Sin embargo, el aparente mejor resultado para nuevos materiales de protección pulpar en comparación con el CaOH, solo se basa en un reducido número de estudios clínicos disponibles, por lo que la evidencia sigue siendo no concluyente

From chemosynthesis-based communities to cold-water corals: Vulnerable deep-sea habitats of the Gulf of Cádiz

The Gulf of Cádiz (GoC) represents an area of ecological importance within the northeastern Atlantic Ocean due to the presence of Mediterranean and Atlantic water masses, a heterogeneous seafloor and a biological confluence. Nevertheless, information on the presence of vulnerable deep-sea habitats is still very scarce and it is of importance for further habitat monitoring within the context of the Habitats and Marine Strategy Framework Directives and for improving conservation and resource extraction management. From 2010 to 2012, fluid migration and emission related edifices (e.g., mud volcanoes, diapirs) from the Spanish continental margin of the GoC have been explored using a remotely operated vehicle (ROV; Liropus 2000) and an underwater camera sled (UCS; APHIA 2012) as well as several devices for collecting sediment and fauna. Different vulnerable deep-sea habitats have been observed, including anoxic bottoms with bacterial mats, sea-pen communities, sponge aggregations, antipatharian and gorgonian communities and also cold-water coral banks. Some of these habitats are included in conservation lists of the habitat directive and in international conventions (OSPAR, RAC/SPA), however some of them are located in areas of the GoC that are exposed to intense trawling. The diversity of habitats detected in the Spanish continental margin of the GoC highlights the importance of seepage related edifices as inducers of seabed and habitat heterogeneity in deep-sea areas.En prens

The 33S(n,α)30Si cross section measurement at n-TOF-EAR2 (CERN) : From 0.01 eV to the resonance region

The 33S(n,α)30Si cross section measurement, using 10B(n,α) as reference, at the n-TOF Experimental Area 2 (EAR2) facility at CERN is presented. Data from 0.01 eV to 100 keV are provided and, for the first time, the cross section is measured in the range from 0.01 eV to 10 keV. These data may be used for a future evaluation of the cross section because present evaluations exhibit large discrepancies. The 33S(n,α)30Si reaction is of interest in medical physics because of its possible use as a cooperative target to boron in Neutron Capture Therapy (NCT)

Measurement of 73 Ge(n,γ) cross sections and implications for stellar nucleosynthesis

© 2019 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.73 Ge(n,γ) cross sections were measured at the neutron time-of-flight facility n_TOF at CERN up to neutron energies of 300 keV, providing for the first time experimental data above 8 keV. Results indicate that the stellar cross section at kT=30 keV is 1.5 to 1.7 times higher than most theoretical predictions. The new cross sections result in a substantial decrease of 73 Ge produced in stars, which would explain the low isotopic abundance of 73 Ge in the solar system.Peer reviewe

Measurement of the Ge 70 (n,γ) cross section up to 300 keV at the CERN n-TOF facility

©2019 American Physical Society.Neutron capture data on intermediate mass nuclei are of key importance to nucleosynthesis in the weak component of the slow neutron capture processes, which occurs in massive stars. The (n,γ) cross section on Ge70, which is mainly produced in the s process, was measured at the neutron time-of-flight facility n-TOF at CERN. Resonance capture kernels were determined up to 40 keV neutron energy and average cross sections up to 300 keV. Stellar cross sections were calculated from kT=5 keV to kT=100 keV and are in very good agreement with a previous measurement by Walter and Beer (1985) and recent evaluations. Average cross sections are in agreement with Walter and Beer (1985) over most of the neutron energy range covered, while they are systematically smaller for neutron energies above 150 keV. We have calculated isotopic abundances produced in s-process environments in a 25 solar mass star for two initial metallicities (below solar and close to solar). While the low metallicity model reproduces best the solar system germanium isotopic abundances, the close to solar model shows a good global match to solar system abundances in the range of mass numbers A=60-80.Peer reviewedFinal Published versio

The measurement programme at the neutron time-of-flight facility n-TOF at CERN

Neutron-induced reaction cross sections are important for a wide variety of research fields ranging from the study of nuclear level densities, nucleosynthesis to applications of nuclear technology like design, and criticality and safety assessment of existing and future nuclear reactors, radiation dosimetry, medical applications, nuclear waste transmutation, accelerator-driven systems and fuel cycle investigations. Simulations and calculations of nuclear technology applications largely rely on evaluated nuclear data libraries. The evaluations in these libraries are based both on experimental data and theoretical models. CERN's neutron time-of-flight facility n-TOF has produced a considerable amount of experimental data since it has become fully operational with the start of its scientific measurement programme in 2001. While for a long period a single measurement station (EAR1) located at 185 m from the neutron production target was available, the construction of a second beam line at 20 m (EAR2) in 2014 has substantially increased the measurement capabilities of the facility. An outline of the experimental nuclear data activities at n-TOF will be presented

Time-of-flight and activation experiments on 147Pm and 171Tm for astrophysics

The neutron capture cross section of several key unstable isotopes acting as branching points in the s-process are crucial for stellar nucleosynthesis studies, but they are very challenging to measure due to the difficult production of sufficient sample material, the high activity of the resulting samples, and the actual (n,γ) measurement, for which high neutron fluxes and effective background rejection capabilities are required. As part of a new program to measure some of these important branching points, radioactive targets of 147Pm and 171Tm have been produced by irradiation of stable isotopes at the ILL high flux reactor. Neutron capture on 146Nd and 170Er at the reactor was followed by beta decay and the resulting matrix was purified via radiochemical separation at PSI. The radioactive targets have been used for time-of-flight measurements at the CERN n-TOF facility using the 19 and 185 m beam lines during 2014 and 2015. The capture cascades were detected using a set of four C6D6 scintillators, allowing to observe the associated neutron capture resonances. The results presented in this work are the first ever determination of the resonance capture cross section of 147Pm and 171Tm. Activation experiments on the same 147Pm and 171Tm targets with a high-intensity 30 keV quasi-Maxwellian flux of neutrons will be performed using the SARAF accelerator and the Liquid-Lithium Target (LiLiT) in order to extract the corresponding Maxwellian Average Cross Section (MACS). The status of these experiments and preliminary results will be presented and discussed as well