El impacto de la experiencia de aprendizaje de la Fundación Escuela Taller de Bogotá en la construcción de los proyectos de vida de los jóvenes y de los significados que construyen entorno al trabajo

Este trabajo de grado recoge las voces de estudiantes egresados y docentes de la Escuela Taller de Bogotá (FETB), reconociendo y valorando los significados que han construido a partir de las experiencias significativas entorno al trabajo y a la construcción de su proyecto de vida. Esta investigación se basa en una mirada epistemológica que corresponde al socio-construccionismo, desde el cual se aborda el objeto de estudio, siendo coherente con una metodología cualitativa de tipo narrativo. Dicha metodología permite comprender los significados que los seis entrevistados han construido a partir de la experiencia de aprendizaje en la Escuela Taller. La investigación aborda interpretaciones subjetivas que se evidenciaron en el relato oral que los participantes expresaron en torno a su proyecto de vida y a los significados del trabajo, lo cual permitió recoger las narrativas a través de una entrevista semi-estructurada, siendo esta el instrumento que se utilizó. Por último, a través del proyecto de investigación se evidenció que el impacto de la experiencia de aprendizaje en la Escuela Taller fue positivo en todos los participantes, ya que muestran en las narraciones de las entrevistas los aprendizajes y cambios obtenidos a nivel personal, social (familiar y amigos) y laboral gracias a la formación impartida por la Escuela Taller. Así mismo, se encontró que los participantes reconocen la importancia que tiene la educación como un espacio fundamental que permite brindar las herramientas esenciales para poder vincularse y desempeñarse de manera adecuada en el mundo del trabajo.This degree work includes the voices of graduate students and teachers of Escuela Taller de Bogotá ( FETB ), recognizing and appreciating the meanings they have constructed from the significant experiences in their environment in order to work and build their life project. This research is based on an epistemological view that corresponds to social constructionism, from which the object of study is addressed being consistent with a qualitative narrative methodology. This methodology allows us to understand the meanings that the six interviewees constructed from the learning experience at FETB. The research deals with subjective interpretations that became evident in the oral narrative that participants expressed about their life project and the meanings they had around work, allowing the narratives to be collected through a semi -structured interview, this being the instrument that was used. Finally, through the research project it was shown that the impact of the learning experience at the School Workshop was positive in all participants. The results viewed in the responses of the interviews evidenced learning processes and changes obtained at a personal, social (family and friends) and work levels, obtained through the training provided by the School Workshop. Also, it was found that the participants recognize the importance of education as a fundamental space that allows the acquisition of essential tools to engage and perform adequately in the world of work.Psicólogo (a)Pregrad

Funciones y estrategias de intensificación en el relato coloquial. Análisis de un corpus oral de Cuba

This article analyzes intensification of language as an evaluative strategy that is used in colloquial conversational narratives. We define intensification as a rhetorical, argumentative and social strategy for which the speaker reinforces what is said or their intention of it (Briz 1997, 1998, 2017, 2018; Albelda 2007, 2014; Albelda, Briz 2021). This study has created a methodological criteria based on the study of Albelda et al. (2014) and applied it to a corpus of colloquial conversations of the Spanish spoken in Cuba. This paper examines the functions as well as the linguistic strategies that are more relevant in the narratives. The conclusions show that the rhetorical and argumentative function is always present, since it defines the phenomenon, and the social function appears in almost half of the cases. The importance of the latter along with strengthening the personal relations amongst the group as the main goals of the narratives, reveal that the most important and recurring linguistic expressions are those that reinforce any of the figures, either of the narration process or of the story.Este artículo analiza la intensificación como una estrategia evaluativa empleada en la narración de historias en la conversación coloquial. Entendemos la intensificación como una estrategia retórico-argumentativa y social, por la que el hablante refuerza lo dicho y/o su intención (Briz 1997, 1998, 2017, 2018; Albelda 2007, 2014; Albelda, Briz 2021). Se ha desarrollado una ficha metodológica basada en los supuestos de Albelda et al. (2014) y se ha aplicado a un corpus de conversaciones coloquiales del español de Cuba. En esta investigación se analizan las funciones y los procedimientos o estrategias de intensificación empleados como más recurrentes en los relatos. Las conclusiones muestran que la función retórico-argumentativa se da siempre por defecto, como una característica intrínseca al fenómeno, y, en casi la mitad de los casos, acompañada de una función social.  Es la importancia de esta última y el eventual objetivo de fortalecer las relaciones a través de las narraciones, la que hace que los procedimientos lingüísticos más abundantes sean aquellos que intensifican alguna de las figuras de la enunciación o del enunciado

Statistical models to study subtoxic concentrations for some standard mutagens in three colon cancer cell lines

The aim of this work is to propose models to study the toxic effect of different concentrations of some standard mutagens in different colon cancer cell lines. We find estimates and, by means of an inverse regression problem, confidence intervals for the subtoxic concentration, that is the concentration that reduces by thirty percent the number of colonies obtained in the absence of mutagen

Transcriptome Sequencing of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells from Elite Controller-Long Term Non Progressors

The elite controller (EC)-long term non-progressor (LTNP) phenotype represent a spontaneous and advantageous model of HIV-1 control in the absence of therapy. The transcriptome of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) collected from EC-LTNPs was sequenced by RNA-Seq and compared with the transcriptomes from other phenotypes of disease progression. The transcript abundance estimation combined with the use of supervised classification algorithms allowed the selection of 20 genes and pseudogenes, mainly involved in interferon-regulated antiviral mechanisms and cell machineries of transcription and translation, as the best predictive genes of disease progression. Differential expression analyses between phenotypes showed an altered calcium homeostasis in EC-LTNPs evidenced by the upregulation of several membrane receptors implicated in calcium-signaling cascades and intracellular calcium-mobilization and by the overrepresentation of NFAT1/Elk-1-binding sites in the promoters of the genes differentially expressed in these individuals. A coordinated upregulation of host genes associated with HIV-1 reverse transcription and viral transcription was also observed in EC-LTNPs -i.e. p21/CDKN1A, TNF, IER3 and GADD45B. We also found an upregulation of ANKRD54 in EC-LTNPs and viremic LTNPs in comparison with typical progressors and a clear alteration of type-I interferon signaling as a consequence of viremia in typical progressors before and after receiving antiretroviral therapy.We want to particularly acknowledge the patients in this study for their participation and to the HIV BioBank integrated in the Spanish AIDS Research Network and collaborating Centres (http://hivhgmbiobank.com/donor-area/hospitals-and-centres-transferring-samples/?lang = en) for the generous gifts of clinical samples used in this work. The HIV BioBank and the AIDS Immunopathogenesis Unit are integrated in the Spanish AIDS Research Network. The HIV BioBank is partially funded by the RD16/0025/0019 project as part of the Plan Nacional R + D + I and cofinanced by ISCIII- Subdirección General de Evaluación and el Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER)”. This work was partially supported by Instituto de Salud Carlos III and co-funded by European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) “A way to build Europe” (projects RD12/0017/0015 and RD16CIII/0002/0001, Plan Estatal de I + D + I 2013–2016), the French Government’s Investissement d’Avenir program, Laboratoire d’Excellence Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases (n°ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID) and the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under grant agreement No 681137. FDF was supported by the Spanish Government’s Sara Borrell postdoctoral ProgramS

Antiviral, Immunomodulatory and Antiproliferative Activities of Recombinant Soluble IFNAR2 without IFN-beta Mediation

Soluble receptors of cytokines are able to modify cytokine activities and therefore the immune system, and some have intrinsic biological activities without mediation from their cytokines. The soluble interferon beta (IFN-ss) receptor is generated through alternative splicing of IFNAR2 and has both agonist and antagonist properties for IFN-ss, but its role is unknown. We previously demonstrated that a recombinant human soluble IFN-ss receptor showed intrinsic therapeutic efficacy in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis. Here we evaluate the potential biological activities of recombinant sIFNAR2 without the mediation of IFN-ss in human cells. Recombinant sIFNAR2 down-regulated the production of IL-17 and IFN-? and reduced the cell proliferation rate. Moreover, it showed a strong antiviral activity, fully protecting the cell monolayer after being infected by the virus. Specific inhibitors completely abrogated the antiviral activity of IFN-ss, but not that of the recombinant sIFNAR2, and there was no activation of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway. Consequently, r-sIFNAR2 exerts immunomodulatory, antiproliferative and antiviral activities without IFN-ss mediation, and could be a promising treatment against viral infections and immune-mediated diseases

Longer intervals between SARS-CoV-2 infection and mRNA-1273 doses improve the neutralization of different variants of concern

The humoral immune response against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants of concern elicited by vaccination was evaluated in COVID-19 recovered individuals (Rec) separated 1-3 months (Rec2m) or 4-12 months (Rec9m) postinfection and compared to the response in naïve participants. Antibody-mediated immune responses were assessed in 66 participants by three commercial immunoassays and a SARS-CoV-2 lentiviral-based pseudovirus neutralization assay. Immunoglobulin (Ig) levels against SARS-CoV-2 spike were lower in naïve participants after two doses than in Rec after a single dose (p < 0.05). After two doses in Rec, levels of total Ig to receptor-binding domain were significantly increased in Rec9m compared to Rec2m (p < 0.001). The neutralizing potency observed in Rec9m was consistently higher than in Rec2m against variants of concern (VOCs) Alpha, Beta, Delta, and BA.1 sublineage of Omicron with 2.2-2.8-fold increases. Increasing the interval between SARS-CoV-2 infection and the vaccination with messenger RNA-based vaccines to more than 3 months generates a more efficient heterologous humoral immune response against VOCs by allowing enough time to mount a strong recall memory B cell response.This work is funded by Instituto de Salud Carlos III, a Spanish public body assigned to the Ministry of Science and Innovation that manages and promotes public clinical research related to Public Health, by Grants PI19CIII/00004 (José Alcamí and Francisco Díez‐Fuertes) and PI21CIII/00025 (Javier García‐Pérez and Mayte Pérez‐Olmeda), COVID‐19 Fund (Grants COV20/00679 (Javier García‐Pérez, Mayte Pérez‐Olmeda, José Alcamí, and Francisco Díez‐Fuertes) and COV20/00072 (Javier García‐Pérez, Mayte Pérez‐Olmeda, Almudena Ramírez‐García, María Castillo de la Osa, Rocio Layunta Acero, Laura Vicente‐Izquierdo, Cristina Avendaño‐Solá, and José Alcamí), and CIBERINFEC, co‐financed by the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER) “A way to make Europe.”S

Mutations in TOP3A Cause a Bloom Syndrome-like Disorder

Bloom syndrome, caused by biallelic mutations in BLM, is characterized by prenatal-onset growth deficiency, short stature, an erythematous photosensitive malar rash, and increased cancer predisposition. Diagnostically, a hallmark feature is the presence of increased sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) on cytogenetic testing. Here, we describe biallelic mutations in TOP3A in ten individuals with prenatal-onset growth restriction and microcephaly. TOP3A encodes topoisomerase III alpha (TopIIIα), which binds to BLM as part of the BTRR complex, and promotes dissolution of double Holliday junctions arising during homologous recombination. We also identify a homozygous truncating variant in RMI1, which encodes another component of the BTRR complex, in two individuals with microcephalic dwarfism. The TOP3A mutations substantially reduce cellular levels of TopIIIα, and consequently subjects’ cells demonstrate elevated rates of SCE. Unresolved DNA recombination and/or replication intermediates persist into mitosis, leading to chromosome segregation defects and genome instability that most likely explain the growth restriction seen in these subjects and in Bloom syndrome. Clinical features of mitochondrial dysfunction are evident in several individuals with biallelic TOP3A mutations, consistent with the recently reported additional function of TopIIIα in mitochondrial DNA decatenation. In summary, our findings establish TOP3A mutations as an additional cause of prenatal-onset short stature with increased cytogenetic SCEs and implicate the decatenation activity of the BTRR complex in their pathogenesis

Albiglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (Harmony Outcomes): a double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled trial

Background: Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists differ in chemical structure, duration of action, and in their effects on clinical outcomes. The cardiovascular effects of once-weekly albiglutide in type 2 diabetes are unknown. We aimed to determine the safety and efficacy of albiglutide in preventing cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke. Methods: We did a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial in 610 sites across 28 countries. We randomly assigned patients aged 40 years and older with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (at a 1:1 ratio) to groups that either received a subcutaneous injection of albiglutide (30–50 mg, based on glycaemic response and tolerability) or of a matched volume of placebo once a week, in addition to their standard care. Investigators used an interactive voice or web response system to obtain treatment assignment, and patients and all study investigators were masked to their treatment allocation. We hypothesised that albiglutide would be non-inferior to placebo for the primary outcome of the first occurrence of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke, which was assessed in the intention-to-treat population. If non-inferiority was confirmed by an upper limit of the 95% CI for a hazard ratio of less than 1·30, closed testing for superiority was prespecified. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02465515. Findings: Patients were screened between July 1, 2015, and Nov 24, 2016. 10 793 patients were screened and 9463 participants were enrolled and randomly assigned to groups: 4731 patients were assigned to receive albiglutide and 4732 patients to receive placebo. On Nov 8, 2017, it was determined that 611 primary endpoints and a median follow-up of at least 1·5 years had accrued, and participants returned for a final visit and discontinuation from study treatment; the last patient visit was on March 12, 2018. These 9463 patients, the intention-to-treat population, were evaluated for a median duration of 1·6 years and were assessed for the primary outcome. The primary composite outcome occurred in 338 (7%) of 4731 patients at an incidence rate of 4·6 events per 100 person-years in the albiglutide group and in 428 (9%) of 4732 patients at an incidence rate of 5·9 events per 100 person-years in the placebo group (hazard ratio 0·78, 95% CI 0·68–0·90), which indicated that albiglutide was superior to placebo (p&lt;0·0001 for non-inferiority; p=0·0006 for superiority). The incidence of acute pancreatitis (ten patients in the albiglutide group and seven patients in the placebo group), pancreatic cancer (six patients in the albiglutide group and five patients in the placebo group), medullary thyroid carcinoma (zero patients in both groups), and other serious adverse events did not differ between the two groups. There were three (&lt;1%) deaths in the placebo group that were assessed by investigators, who were masked to study drug assignment, to be treatment-related and two (&lt;1%) deaths in the albiglutide group. Interpretation: In patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, albiglutide was superior to placebo with respect to major adverse cardiovascular events. Evidence-based glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists should therefore be considered as part of a comprehensive strategy to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes. Funding: GlaxoSmithKline