ECCC TEST PROGRAMME AND DATA ASSESSMENT ON GTD111 CREEP RUPTURE, STRAIN AND DUCTILITY

GTD111, a creep resistant Ni-based superalloy developed by GE, is widely used in land-based gas turbine first stage blades. However, there is little published information on its creep properties and microstructure. The European Creep Collaborative Committee (ECCC) Working Group 3C consequently selected GTD111 as a model material for testing and complementary data assessment. The aim of this paper is to present the results from the ECCC test program and data assessment, and to compare equiaxed (EA) and directionally solidified (DS) material performance. Testing and metallographic laboratories from six European nations collaborated to produce strain monitored creep rupture data on four EA and DS materials out to beyond 10,000 hours within a wide range of temperatures, 850-950°C, and stresses, 293-99 MPa. Available (generally short term) results from other sources were also included in the compiled, small but viable, 51-test data set. Assessment was carried out by three different assessors using different tools and adopting different prediction models. Conventional ECCC post-assessment techniques and novel “back-fitting” methods were used to identify a preferred model. It was shown that assessing all the EA and DS data together can lead to non-conservative predictions for EA materials, but separating the two classes creates small data subsets which cannot be modelled effectively. As a pragmatic compromise, the DS data and those EA data which also showed good ductility were included in a final "ductile GTD111" assessment. The resulting creep rupture material models and rupture strength predictions are presented up to 3 times the longest test duration. It was then shown that the performance of lower ductility EA materials can also be predicted effectively with the "ductile" model by truncating the rupture time at the measured fracture strain. For this exercise, a creep strain model based on rupture and time to strain data was fitted. In parallel, microstructural examination was performed to characterize the damage modes involved in the low ductility failures. It was thereby shown that the creep rupture strength shortfall of an EA material compared to its DS equivalent is not a constant factor, but is primarily governed by the reduced creep ductility. Hence, the shortfall varies between different EA casts, and tends to become greater in the longer term.JRC.F.4-Innovative Technologies for Nuclear Reactor Safet

Challenges for biodiversity research in Europe.

In 2010, the international year of biodiversity, new policies for preserving biodiversity in Europe and worldwide will be developed as targets set by older policies, such as to halt biodiversity loss in the EU by 2010, were not met. This paper aims at sharing the expertise LERU's members harbour to set the right priorities for new biodiversity policies

SHREC 2011: robust feature detection and description benchmark

Feature-based approaches have recently become very popular in computer vision and image analysis applications, and are becoming a promising direction in shape retrieval. SHREC'11 robust feature detection and description benchmark simulates the feature detection and description stages of feature-based shape retrieval algorithms. The benchmark tests the performance of shape feature detectors and descriptors under a wide variety of transformations. The benchmark allows evaluating how algorithms cope with certain classes of transformations and strength of the transformations that can be dealt with. The present paper is a report of the SHREC'11 robust feature detection and description benchmark results.Comment: This is a full version of the SHREC'11 report published in 3DO

La Tierra herida, ¿Qué mundo heredarán nuestros hijos? - Traduction partielle et commentée

Ce travail de fin d’études constitue la traduction partielle et commentée de La Tierra herida, ¿Qué mundo heredarán nuestros hijos?, œuvre écrite par Miguel Delibes et son fils, Miguel Delibes de Castro. Ce livre se présente sous forme de conversation entre ces deux derniers. Pendant le dialogue, le fils, scientifique de profession, répond aux questions de son père concernant le réchauffement climatique et vulgarise ses connaissances afin d’expliquer ce phénomène. Ensemble, ils abordent de nombreux thèmes tels que la population humaine, l’effet de serre, la pénurie d’eau douce, la biodiversité, etc. Ce présent mémoire s’articule en différentes parties. L’introduction présente brièvement les auteurs et l’œuvre. Ensuite, elle éclaircit le concept d’écologie et poursuit en présentant une chronologie de la conscience écologique au moyen des éléments les plus déterminants ayant contribué à son développement. La seconde partie de l’introduction fournit la mise à jour de certains thèmes évoqués dans la traduction. L’introduction se termine par quelques pistes et réflexions sur le futur. La partie suivante livre une cinquantaine de pages de traduction, depuis l’espagnol, de l’œuvre mentionnée ci-dessus. Vient ensuite la partie consacrée aux commentaires de traduction qui permettent d’identifier les difficultés rencontrées au cours du processus de traduction et d’exposer la démarche adoptée pour surmonter ces difficultés, et ce, à l’aide de fondements théoriques. Enfin, ce mémoire s’achève par une courte conclusion suivie d’une bibliographie complète reprenant tous les documents utilisés pour la rédaction de ce travail.Master [120] en traduction, Université catholique de Louvain, 201