Relación entre el consumo de cosméticos ecológicos y la cultura de desarrollo sostenible de las mujeres peruanas entre 18 y 50 años de Lima Metropolitana y Callao en 2022

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo principal analizar la relación del consumo de la cosmética ecológica y la cultura de desarrollo sostenible de las mujeres peruanas entre 18 a 50 años de Lima Metropolitana y Callao en 2022. Para este proyecto se aplicó una investigación cuantitativa a través de encuestas como instrumento de investigación, y se seleccionó una muestra de 385 mujeres de Lima Metropolitana y Callao, quienes respondieron las preguntas presentadas a través de Google Formularios, lo cual permitió obtener datos relevantes sobre las variables analizadas. Uno de los principales hallazgos es la relación entre el consumo de cosméticos ecológicos y el nivel de ingresos, cuyo mayor rango se encuentra entre S/510.00 y S/2500.00, lo cual influye directamente en la decisión de compra y es el factor determinante para optar por un producto u otro. Por otro lado, se halló que no existe suficiente información sobre los productos ecológicos, lo cual afecta la oferta y demanda en el mercado. Sin embargo, se obtuvo como respuesta que más del 53% de las encuestadas están dispuestas a cambiar sus productos cosméticos habituales por productos ecológicos. En efecto, mediante la prueba de correlación de Spearman, se evidencia una correlación positiva entre el consumo de cosméticos ecológicos y la cultura de desarrollo sostenible en mujeres de Lima metropolitana y Callao, (rho= 0.563, p <0.05).The main objective of this research is to analyze the relationship between the consumption of organic cosmetics and the culture of sustainable development of Peruvian women between 18 and 50 years of Metropolitan Lima and Callao in 2022. For this project, quantitative research was applied through surveys as a research tool, and a sample of 385 women from Metropolitan Lima and Callao was selected, who answered the questions presented through Google Forms, which allowed to obtain relevant data on the analyzed variables. One of the main findings is the relationship between the consumption of organic cosmetics and the level of income, the highest range of which is between S/510.00 and S/2500.00, which directly influences the purchase decision and is the determining factor in choosing one product or another. On the other hand, it was found that there is not enough information on organic products, which affects the supply and demand in the market. However, it was obtained in response that more than 53% of the respondents are willing to exchange their usual cosmetic products for organic products. In fact, by means of the Spearman correlation test, a positive correlation between the consumption of organic cosmetics and the culture of sustainable development is found in women of metropolitan Lima and Callao (rho= 0.563, p <0.05).Tesi

Encapsulación por gelación iónica de aceite de sésamo con mezclas de alginato de sodio-mucílago de nopal: Eficiencia de encapsulación y estabilidad oxidativa

This study provides a new way for preventing the oxidation of sesame oil by ionic gelation method, where SO can be encapsulated in sodium alginate-nopal mucilage hydrogel beads as wall material. The SA-NM hydrogel beads had heterogeneous surface morphologies, where el NM acted as structural support and controlling fractures in the beads after drying process, making the gel matrix more flexible. SA-NM hydrogel beads after the drying process leads to an irregular spherical shape that the SA beads. SA-NM hydrogel beads is characterized by high yield (>83.34%) and encapsulation efficiency (> 75.44%), and limited surface oil ( 75.44%) than SA beads (63.48%), and provided better protection to SO against oxidation during storage than the SA beads and free SO oil. Oxidation kinetics were of zero-order in all cases. The release kinetics of SO was diffusion controlled and was significantly slower for SA-NM than for SA beads. Our results indicate that SA-NM mixtures may be considered as potential additives for food industry applications.The authors wish to acknowledge the partial financial support of this research to the Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México through grant 4738/2019/CI

Effects of Fruit Position in Standard Place Pack Cartons and Gamma 1 Irradiation on the Postharvest Quality of ‘Barnfield’ Navel Oranges

The objective of this study was to determine if oranges in the top and bottom layers within a Standard Place Pack were impacted differently by irradiation after long-term storage. ‘Barnfield’ Navel oranges were packed in Standard Place Pack cartons and treated with 0, 0.15, or 1 kGy of gamma irradiation. The fruit were stored for 3 weeks at 5 °C and then for 1 week at 20 °C. After storage, the fruit from the top and bottom layers were separately evaluated for quality. The development of stem-end rind breakdown (SERB) was the main cause of quality loss and was greater in irradiated fruit in the top layer. Fruit in the bottom layer showed more physical damage (flattening) but lower incidence of SERB. The changes in individual sugar content were minimal but significant for layer. The content of individual organic acids was consistently lower in irradiated fruit from the bottom layer. Layer type showed a stronger effect on phenolic compounds than irradiation dose. The tristimulus color, total soluble solids, titratable acidity, and firmness of fruit were not influenced by irradiation dose or layer type. The results show that damage in irradiated Navel oranges depends on dose and layer, with the top layers showing greater physiological damage and bottom layers showing more physical damage

Controlled degradability of PCL-ZnO nanofibrous scaffolds for bone tissue engineering and their antibacterial activity

Up to date, tissue regeneration of large bone defects is a clinical challenge under exhaustive study. Nowadays, the most common clinical solutions concerning bone regeneration involve systems based on human or bovine tissues, which suffer from drawbacks like antigenicity, complex processing, low osteoinductivity, rapid resorption and minimal acceleration of tissue regeneration. This work thus addresses the development of nanofibrous synthetic scaffolds of polycaprolactone (PCL) - a long-term degradation polyester - compounded with hydroxyapatite (HA) and variable concentrations of ZnO as alternative solutions for accelerated bone tissue regeneration in applications requiring mid- and long-term resorption. In vitro cell response of human fetal osteoblasts as well as antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus of PCL:HA:ZnO and PCL:ZnO scaffolds were here evaluated. Furthermore, the effect of ZnO nanostructures at different concentrations on in vitro degradation of PCL electrospun scaffolds was analyzed. The results proved that higher concentrations ZnO may induce early mineralization, as indicated by high alkaline phosphatase activity levels, cell proliferation assays and positive Alizarin-Red-S-stained calcium deposits. Moreover, all PCL:ZnO scaffolds particularly showed antibacterial activity against S. aureus which may be attributed to release of Zn2+ ions. Additionally, results here obtained showed a variable PCL degradation rate as a function of ZnO concentration. Therefore, this work suggests that our PCL:ZnO scaffolds may be promising and competitive short-, mid- and long-term resorption systems against current clinical solutions for bone tissue regeneration.Fil: Felice, Betiana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Tecnología; ArgentinaFil: Sanchez, Maria Alejandra. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Tecnología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas; ArgentinaFil: Socci, Maria Cecilia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Tecnología; ArgentinaFil: Sappia, Luciano David. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Tecnología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas; ArgentinaFil: Gómez, María Inés. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Química Inorgánica; ArgentinaFil: Cruz, María Karina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Química Inorgánica; ArgentinaFil: Felice, Carmelo Jose. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Tecnología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas; ArgentinaFil: Martí, Mercè. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; EspañaFil: Pividori, María Isabel. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; EspañaFil: Simonelli, Gabriela. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto de Física del Noroeste Argentino. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet Noa Sur. Instituto de Física del Noroeste Argentino; ArgentinaFil: Rodriguez, Andrea Paola. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Tecnología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas; Argentin

Aplicación Móvil Para Notificar El Control De Medicamentos De Untratamiento Médico

This article presents the development of a mobile application aimed at notifying a patient about the schedules for taking their medical treatment. The intention is for this application to be useful for elderly individuals, caregivers of sick people, as well as anyone who undergoes constant medical treatment. That is why the graphical interface created is intuitive for the user. Upon opening the mobile application, a screen is displayed where, as a first step, the name of the medication is requested. Subsequently, the date and time when the medication will be taken must be entered, and this data is stored and can be viewed at the bottom. The use of this application will facilitate the proper management of a patient's medical treatment.El presente articulo muestra el desarrollo de una aplicación móvil, el cual tiene como objetivo notificar a un paciente sobre los horarios que debe de tomar su tratamiento medico. Se pretende que dicha aplicación sea util para personas de la tercera edad, cuidadores de personas enfermas, así como tambien cualquier persona que lleve un tratamiento medico constante, es por esto que la interfaz grafica creada es intuitiva para el usuario. Al abrir la aplicación móvil se muestra una pantalla en donde como primera instancia se solicita el nombre del medicamento, posteriormente se tendrá que capturar la fecha y hora que tomará su medicamento, estos datos se almacenan y se podrá visualizar en la parte inferior. El uso de esta aplicación facilitará llevar el tratamiento médico adecuado de un paciente

Recent trends and developments in pyrolysis-gas chromatography: review

Pyrolysis-gas chromatography (Py-GC) has become well established as a simple, quick and reliable analytical technique for a range of applications including the analysis of polymeric materials. Recent developments in Py-GC technology and instrumentation include laser pyrolysis and non-discriminating pyrolysis. Progress has also been made in the detection of low level polymer additives with the use of novel Py-GC devices. Furthermore, it has been predicted that future advances in separation technology such as the use of comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography will further enhance the analytical scope of Py-GC

The distribution of cadmium in soil and cacao beans in Peru

Peru is the eighth largest producer of cacao beans globally, but high cadmium contents are constraining access to international markets which have set upper thresholds for permitted concentrations in chocolate and derivatives. Preliminary data have suggested that high cadmium concentrations in cacao beans are restricted to specific regions in the country, but to date no reliable maps exist of expected cadmium concentrations in soils and cacao beans. Drawing on >2,000 representative samples of cacao beans and soils we developed multiple national and regional random forest models to develop predictive maps of cadmium in soil and cacao beans across the area suitable for cacao cultivation. Our model projections show that elevated concentrations of cadmium in cacao soils and beans are large Loreto, as well as some very localized pockets in the central departments of Huánuco and San Martin. Unsurprisingly, soil cadmium was the by far most important predictor of bean cadmium. Aside from the south-eastern to north-western spatial trend of increasing cadmium values in soils and beans, the most important predictors of both variables in nation-wide models were geology, rainfall seasonality, soil pH and rainfall. At regional level, alluvial deposits and mining operations were also associated with higher cadmium levels in cacao beans. Based on our predictive map of cadmium in cacao beans we estimate that while at a national level less than twenty percent of cacao farming households might be impacted by the cadmium regulations, in the most affected department of Piura this could be as high as 89%

Impactos en la cadena de valor del cacao en Perú como consecuencia del Reglamento UE No. 488/2014

Este informe hace parte de los productos del componente socioeconómico del proyecto Clima-LoCa. El documento presenta los resultados agregados de una serie de análisis y estudios desarrollados por miembros de la Alianza Bioversity International y CIAT, SENASA, INIA, MIDAGRI y las cooperativas Agroindustrial Cacao Alto Huallaga (CAICAH) y NorAndino durante los años 2020 y 2021 relacionados a los efectos del reglamento UE No 488/2014 en la cadena de valor de cacao en el Perú y las medidas adelantadas para mitigarlos. Primero se presenta una contextualización de la cadena del cacao y chocolate en el Perú, así como de la problemática del cadmio, las iniciativas adelantadas a nivel nacional para hacer frente a esta situación y los resultados de una revisión de la literatura disponible relacionada a los impactos del reglamento en la cadena. El informe presenta un análisis que combina diversas metodologías y fuentes, apoyándose en la multiplicidad de enfoques, fuentes de información y perspectivas de las organizaciones participantes. *Clima-LoCa es un proyecto regional liderado por la Alianza de Bioversity International y el Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT), implementado en colaboración con socios en investigación de América Latina y Europa y financiado por la Comisión Europea. Este proyecto contribuye a cumplir los objetivos de la convocatoria de 2018 sobre “Innovaciones relacionadas con el clima mediante investigación agrícola” de la plataforma liderada por la CE, DeSIRA (Development-Smart Innovation through Research in Agriculture), que se basa en el anhelo de mejorar la movilización de la investigación y la capacidad de innovación para contribuir al desarrollo sostenible del sector cacaotero. Este proyecto aborda desafíos importantes relacionados con la resiliencia, competitividad e inclusión del creciente sector cacaotero. Aquí, resiliencia se refiere a la capacidad de los pequeños productores y otros actores de la cadena de valor, de mitigar los impactos negativos de los nuevos reglamentos de inocuidad alimentaria de la UE sobre cadmio en cacao, y del cambio climático. https://climaloca.org/

Diversidad genética de cacao en el Perú

El principal objetivo de este capitulo es dar a conocer la gran diversidad de cacaos que existen en el Perú para promover tanto su uso como su conservación. El capítulo demuestra que la mayoría de los diferentes cultivares tradicionales y grupos genéticos silvestres tienen una coherencia geográfica que permitirá la implementación de una sistema de denominación de origen para el cacao nativo peruano. Para poner en práctica dicho sistema es crítico tener identificado y tener acceso a materiales puros de cada grupo genético, para así poder apoyar a los agricultores, cooperativas y asociaciones, compradores, inversionistas o autoridades públicas, entre otros, en sus esfuerzos de producir y marquetear cacaos de calidad de origen nativo puro

Familial hypercholesterolaemia in children and adolescents from 48 countries: a cross-sectional study

Background: Approximately 450 000 children are born with familial hypercholesterolaemia worldwide every year, yet only 2·1% of adults with familial hypercholesterolaemia were diagnosed before age 18 years via current diagnostic approaches, which are derived from observations in adults. We aimed to characterise children and adolescents with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia (HeFH) and understand current approaches to the identification and management of familial hypercholesterolaemia to inform future public health strategies. Methods: For this cross-sectional study, we assessed children and adolescents younger than 18 years with a clinical or genetic diagnosis of HeFH at the time of entry into the Familial Hypercholesterolaemia Studies Collaboration (FHSC) registry between Oct 1, 2015, and Jan 31, 2021. Data in the registry were collected from 55 regional or national registries in 48 countries. Diagnoses relying on self-reported history of familial hypercholesterolaemia and suspected secondary hypercholesterolaemia were excluded from the registry; people with untreated LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) of at least 13·0 mmol/L were excluded from this study. Data were assessed overall and by WHO region, World Bank country income status, age, diagnostic criteria, and index-case status. The main outcome of this study was to assess current identification and management of children and adolescents with familial hypercholesterolaemia. Findings: Of 63 093 individuals in the FHSC registry, 11 848 (18·8%) were children or adolescents younger than 18 years with HeFH and were included in this study; 5756 (50·2%) of 11 476 included individuals were female and 5720 (49·8%) were male. Sex data were missing for 372 (3·1%) of 11 848 individuals. Median age at registry entry was 9·6 years (IQR 5·8-13·2). 10 099 (89·9%) of 11 235 included individuals had a final genetically confirmed diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolaemia and 1136 (10·1%) had a clinical diagnosis. Genetically confirmed diagnosis data or clinical diagnosis data were missing for 613 (5·2%) of 11 848 individuals. Genetic diagnosis was more common in children and adolescents from high-income countries (9427 [92·4%] of 10 202) than in children and adolescents from non-high-income countries (199 [48·0%] of 415). 3414 (31·6%) of 10 804 children or adolescents were index cases. Familial-hypercholesterolaemia-related physical signs, cardiovascular risk factors, and cardiovascular disease were uncommon, but were more common in non-high-income countries. 7557 (72·4%) of 10 428 included children or adolescents were not taking lipid-lowering medication (LLM) and had a median LDL-C of 5·00 mmol/L (IQR 4·05-6·08). Compared with genetic diagnosis, the use of unadapted clinical criteria intended for use in adults and reliant on more extreme phenotypes could result in 50-75% of children and adolescents with familial hypercholesterolaemia not being identified. Interpretation: Clinical characteristics observed in adults with familial hypercholesterolaemia are uncommon in children and adolescents with familial hypercholesterolaemia, hence detection in this age group relies on measurement of LDL-C and genetic confirmation. Where genetic testing is unavailable, increased availability and use of LDL-C measurements in the first few years of life could help reduce the current gap between prevalence and detection, enabling increased use of combination LLM to reach recommended LDL-C targets early in life