Ossification of the yellow ligament in thoracic spine: a case report

Ossifications of the yellow ligament (OYL) and calcification of yellow ligament are relatively rare clinical entities, and can make sever morbidity surgical evaluation can relived the sign and symptom and improve life quality we present a patient with ossification of the yellow ligament in level of T9 and T10 of thoracic spin

The Comparison between Exercise Therapy and Biofeedback Therapy in Facial Function and Quality Of Life of Bell’s palsy

Introduction: Bell’s palsy is the side effect of peripheral nerve palsy that causes low function of face and quality of life. This study was conducted to assess the effect of two different methods; exercise therapy and biofeedback therapy, accompanied with massage in two groups on facial function and quality of life of these patients. Materials and Methods: In this interventional research with before- after design, 20 patients with acute unilateral peripheral facial palsy participated in two separate programs. Function of face was measured by House Brackman and quality of life was evaluated by SF-36 questionnaire. In each group data were recorded before the intervention and 4 weeks (3 sessions per week) after it. Exercise therapy included receiving massage, doing patterns of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) and some exercises in front of mirror; besides, biofeedback therapy contained massage and muscular education by biofeedback set. After employing Kolmogorov-Simonov as a Test for normality, Independent T-test was utilized to compare means. Results: After one month doing two different programs in two exercise and biofeedback groups, remarkable increase of quality of life (P≤0.001) and also improvement of function of face (P=0.004) were noticed in each group, but there was not any significant difference between quality of life (P=0.07) and function of face (P=0.85) in two groups. Discussion: This study indicated that with regard to suffering paralysis in Bell’s palsy and its bad effects on patients’ quality of life, the use of both biofeedback and exercise therapies as treatment is effective. It seems that increasing awareness of patients and training early movements have important role in improvement improve.Key words: Bell’s Palsy, Biofeedback, Massage, Exercise Therapy, Facial Function, Quality of Lif

Alternative Method for the Analysis of Water-Based Metalworking Fluids Using Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectroscopy

Mists of water-based metalworking fluids (MWFs) as a kind of lubricants mineral oil are reported as a respiratory irritant with having carcinogenic compounds such as formaldehyde. Due to the widespread exposure of Iranian metal machining workers to water-based MWFs and limitations of advanced analytical balance in Iran, which is required by the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) conventional method No5524, the purpose of this study was set to develop a new analytical method using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry instead. In this study, the spiked standards in the range of 0.96 to 960 µg/sample were dried and extracted with carbon tetrachloride and scanned by FTIR in the range of 2700 to 3200cm-1 for the best absorption. FTIR and Gas chromatography analysis of formaldehyde as a toxic ingredient of MWFs was examined and its presence was confirmed. For establishing the validation, the merits of the analysis of the FTIR and NIOSH method No.5524, such as precision, accuracy, LOD, LOQ, and bias were obtained that were 1.49%, 103%, 0.0004, 0.0014 µg/sample, -3%, and 10.87%, 111%, 14.9, 49.1µg/sample and 11% respectively. Regression coefficients (r2) of the calibration line with the spiked standards (0.96-960µg/sample) were in the range of 0.997 to 0.999. Since the merits of the analysis of the FT-IR method for water-based MWFs were comparable to the respective NIOSH method, the developed method could be very useful in monitoring lathe workers, especially in developing countries. However, collaborative examination for full validation of the method is recommended

Smart Schools an Innovation in Education: Malaysian's Experience

According to the new environment created by the information period, training and learning new skills are being inevitable. Retraining the skills of group working to coordinate the information age has created special conditions for education. Smart schools are one of the strategies adopted by schools in response to today's modern needs. Smart schools are active for entrepreneurship, using modern methods to improve the quality of education, and training qualified people who at any time have the capability and efficiency of modern industry. The purpose of this study is the use of ICT in Malaysian Smart School and comparing it with the Smart Schools in Iran. To conduct this study, library, documents, Web sites and electronic journals are available. The results of this study show that although there are significant differences between the education system and deployment of ICT in Iran with the standards in smart schools in leading countries like Malaysia, according to the original development of smart schools in Iran which has been adapted from Malaysia, recognizing the realities of this action in Malaysia, can be effective in the development of schools in the country and prevent indiscriminate development

Spontaneous Spinal Epidural Hematoma in a Patient With a Prosthetic Valve

Spontaneous Spinal Epidural Hematoma (SSEH) is a rare spinal condition. Early surgical intervention is generally indicated to prevent serious permanent neurological deficits. We encountered a case of spontaneous spinal epidural hematomas associated with motor weakness that was treated successfully by surgical evacuation