The state of the Martian climate

60°N was +2.0°C, relative to the 1981–2010 average value (Fig. 5.1). This marks a new high for the record. The average annual surface air temperature (SAT) anomaly for 2016 for land stations north of starting in 1900, and is a significant increase over the previous highest value of +1.2°C, which was observed in 2007, 2011, and 2015. Average global annual temperatures also showed record values in 2015 and 2016. Currently, the Arctic is warming at more than twice the rate of lower latitudes

In vivo kinetics of cytokine expression during peritonitis in carp: Evidence for innate and alternative macrophage polarization

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Stress-regulated expression of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) in carp (Cyprinus carpio)

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Corticosteroid receptors involved in stress regulation in common carp, Cyprinus carpio

Contains fulltext : 72105.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)15 p

Thuisbevallen in Nederland: trends in de jaren 1995-2002

Het hoge percentage thuisbevallingen onder leiding van verloskundigen en (in mindere mate) huisartsen maakt het verloskund ig systeem in Nederland uniek vergeleken met andere Westerse landen. Sinds de opkomst van de poli-klinische eerstelijns bevalling, rond 1965, daalde het percentage thuisbevallingen in Nederland fors. In 1965 werd nog ongeveer 68% van alle kinderen thu is geboren, in 1993 was dit gedaald tot ongeveer 31%. De plaats van de bevalling werd aanvankelijk geregistreerd door het Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek (CBS), maar in 1993 stopte deze gedetailleerde registratie. Sindsdien is alleen nog summiere informatie over thuisbevallingen bekend

Is het perinatale sterftecijfer een goede uitkomstmaat voor kwaliteit van zorg?

Het perinatale sterftec ijfer wordt vaak gebruikt als uitkomstmaat om de kwaliteit van de verleende verloskundige zorg te evalueren. Hoe valide is deze uitkomstmaat? Welke cijfers worden daarvoor gebruikt en is er wel een relatie tussen de cijfers en de zorg? Om hier inzicht in te krijgen werd op Nederlands initiatief de EuroNatal-studie opgezet , een 'concerted action' waaraan veertien Europese landen deelnemen

Characterization of adverse joint outcomes in patients with osteoarthritis treated with subcutaneous tanezumab

Objective Due to the risk of rapidly progressive osteoarthritis (RPOA), the phase III studies of subcutaneous (SC) tanezumab in patients with moderate to severe hip or knee osteoarthritis (OA) included comprehensive joint safety surveillance. This pooled analysis summarizes these findings. Method Joint safety events in the phase III studies of SC tanezumab (2 placebo- and 1- nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug [NSAID]-controlled) were adjudicated by a blinded external committee. Outcomes of RPOA1 and RPOA2, primary osteonecrosis, subchondral insufficiency fracture, and pathological fracture comprised the composite joint safety endpoint (CJSE). Potential patient- and joint-level risk factors for CJSE, RPOA, and total joint replacement (TJR) were explored. Results Overall, 145/4541 patients (3.2%) had an adjudicated CJSE (0% placebo; 3.2% tanezumab 2.5 mg; 6.2% tanezumab 5 mg; 1.5% NSAID). There was a dose-dependent risk of adjudicated CJSE, RPOA1, and TJR with tanezumab vs NSAID. Patient-level cross-tabulation found associations between adjudicated RPOA with more severe radiographic/symptomatic (joint pain, swelling, and physical limitation) OA. Risk of adjudicated RPOA1 was highest in patients with Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grade 2 or 3 OA at baseline. Risk of adjudicated RPOA2 or TJR was highest in patients with KL grade 4 joints at baseline. A higher proportion of joints with adjudicated RPOA2 had a TJR (14/26) than those with adjudicated RPOA1 (16/106). Conclusion In placebo- and NSAID controlled studies of SC tanezumab for OA, adjudicated CJSE, RPOA, and TJR most commonly occurred in patients treated with tanezumab and with more severe radiographic or symptomatic OA. NCT02697773; NCT02709486; NCT0252818